2022-2023年考博英语-西南政法大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）第27期

2022-2023年考博英语-西南政法大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题The fox really exasperated them both. As soon as they had let the fowls out, in the early summer mornings, they had to take their guns and keep guard; and then again as soon as evening began to mellow, they must go once more. And he was so sly. He slid along in the deep grass; he was difficult as a serpent to see. And he seemed to circumvent the girls deliberately. Once or twice March had caught sight of the white tip of his brush, or the ruddy shadow of him in the deep grass, and she had let fire at him. But he made no account of this.The trees on the wood edge were a darkish, brownish green in the full lightfor it was the end of August. Beyond, the naked, copper-like shafts and limbs of the pine trees shone in the air. Nearer the rough grass, with its long, brownish stalks all agleam, was full of light. The fowls were round aboutthe ducks were still swimming on the pond under the pine trees. March looked at it all, saw it all, and did not see it. She heard Banford speaking to the fowls in the distanceand she did not hear. What was she thinking about? Heaven knows. Her consciousness was, as it were, held back.She lowered her eyes, and suddenly saw the fox. He was looking up at her. His chin was pressed down, and his eyes were looking up. They met her eyes. And he knew her. She was spellboundshe knew he knew her. So he looked into her eyes, and her soul failed her. He knew her, he has not daunted.She struggled, confusedly she came to herself, and saw him making off, with slow leaps over some fallen boughs, slow, impudent jumps. Then he glanced over his shoulder, and ran smoothly away. She saw his brush held smooth like a feather, she saw his white buttocks twinkle. And he was gone, softly, soft as the wind.She put her gun to her shoulder, but even then pursed her mouth, knowing it was nonsense to pretend to fire. So she began to walk slowly after him, in the direction he had gone, slowly, pertinaciously. She expected to find him. In her heart she was determined to find him. What she would do when she saw him again she did not consider. But she was determined to find him. So she walked abstractedly about on the edge of the wood, with wide, vivid dark eyes, and a faint flush in her cheeks. She did not think. In strange mindlessness she walked hither and thither.As soon as supper was over, she rose again to go out, without saying why. She took her gun again and went to look for the fox. For he had lifted his eyes upon her, and his knowing look seemed to have entered her brain. She did not so much think of him: she was possessed by him. She saw his dark, shrewd, unabashed eye looking into her, knowing her. She felt him invisibly master her spirit. She knew the way he lowered his chin as he looked up, she knew his muzzle, the golden brown, and the greyish white. And again she saw him glance over his shoulder at her, half inviting, half contemptuous and cunning. So she went, with her great startled eyes glowing, her gun under her arm, along the wood edge. Meanwhile the night fell, and a great moon rose above the pine trees.1.At the beginning of the story, the fox seems to be all EXCEPT（ ）.2.As the story proceeds. March begins to feel under the spell of（ ）.3.Gradually March seems to be in a state of（ ）.4.At the end of the story, there seems to be a sense of（ ）between March and the fox.5.The passage creates an overall impression of （ ）.问题1选项A.cunningB.fierceC.defiantD.annoying问题2选项A.the lightB.the treesC.the nightD.the fox问题3选项A.blanknessB.imaginationC.sadnessD.excitement问题4选项A.detachmentB.angerC.intimacyD.conflict问题5选项A.mysteryB.horrorC.livelinessD.contempt.【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:A第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段第一句“The fox really exasperated them both.狐狸真的把他们都激怒了”可知选项D“恼人的”正确；根据第一段第三句“And he was so sly.并且他是如此的狡猾。”可知选项A“狡猾的”正确；根据第一段最后一句“But he made no account of this.但是他却不把（March向他开枪）这件事放在心上。”也就是说，狐狸这里是在挑衅March，所以选项C“挑衅的”也正确。只有选项B在文中没有提及，所以本题选B。2.细节事实题。根据第三段最后两句“And he knew her. She was spellbound she knew he knew her. So he looked into her eyes, and her soul failed her. He knew her, he has not daunted.他（狐狸）认识她。她被迷住了她知道他认识她。所以他看着她的眼睛，她的灵魂辜负了她。他认识她，并不畏惧。”由此可知，March是被狐狸迷住了。所以选项D正确。3.判断推理题。根据原文第五段最后三句“So she walked abstractedly about on the edge of the wood, with wide, vivid dark eyes, and a faint flush in her cheeks. She did not think. In strange mindlessness she walked hither and thither.于是她心不在焉地在树林边上走来走去，一双明亮的黑眼睛睁得大大的，两颊微微泛起红晕。她什么都没有想。她莫名其妙地走来走去。”由此可知，March似乎进入了一种放空的状态，选项A正确。4.判断推理题。根据最后一段的内容“She did not so much think of him: she was possessed by him. . She felt him invisibly master her spirit. She knew the way he lowered his chin as he looked up, she knew his muzzle, the golden brown, and the greyish white.她并不怎么想他，而是被他迷住了。.她感到他无形地控制了她的灵魂。她知道他抬起头来时下巴是怎样垂下来的，她知道他的口鼻是怎样的，金褐色的，灰白色的。”由此可推断，在故事的结尾，March和狐狸之间似乎有亲昵的感觉，选项C正确。5.判断推理题。结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲的是March和狐狸之间的故事。根据原文中的描述可知，全文整体营造的是一种神秘的氛围，所以选项A正确。2. 单选题She fell off her horse and badly（ ） herself.问题1选项A.woundedB.damagedC.injuredD.harmed【答案】C【解析】同义词辨析题。A选项wound“受伤”；B选项damage“损害”；C选项 injure“伤害”；D选项harm“危害”。句意：她从马上摔下来，受了重伤。四个选项都有受伤的意思，但wound侧重于在战争中受伤；damage通常指对无生命物体造成的损害；injure侧重于意外事故导致的伤害；harm侧重于导致严重的后果。所以选项C更符合语境。3. 单选题I was always taught that it was（ ） to interrupt.问题1选项A.rudeB.coarseC.roughD.crude【答案】A【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项rude “粗鲁的，无礼的”；B选项coarse“粗糙的，粗俗的”；C选项rough“粗野的，粗略的”；D选项crude“天然的，未加工的”。句意：我总是被教导打断别人说话是粗鲁的。选项A符合句意。4. 单选题By now he has reached the（ ）of his ambition.问题1选项A.superiorityB.resolutionC.summitD.procedure【答案】C【解析】名词辨析题。A选项superiority“优越”；B选项resolution“分辨率，决心”；C选项summit“顶点”；D选项procedure“程序，步骤”。句意：到目前为止，他已经达到了他抱负的顶峰。选项C符合句意。5. 单选题One of the problems they have to deal with is the（ ）of plastic containers.问题1选项A.disposalB.dissolutionC.dispositionD.disappearance【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。A选项disposal“处理”；B选项dissolution“分解，溶解”；C选项disposition“性情，倾向”；D选项disappearance“消失”。句意：他们必须处理的问题之一是塑料容器的处理。选项A符合句意。6. 单选题This new type of plant has a an（ ）, bulb-shaped stem, though not very delicious.问题1选项A.ovalB.edibleC.reliableD.available【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项oval“椭圆的”；B选项edible“可食用的”；C选项reliable“可靠的”；D选项available“可获得的”。句意：这种新型的植物有一个可食用的，球状的茎，虽然不是很美味。根据句子的后半部分可知，选项B符合语境。7. 单选题I found there was a lot of（ ） theft in this area.问题1选项A.pettyB.prettyC.majorD.peril【答案】A【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项petty“琐碎的，小规模的”；B选项pretty“漂亮的”；C选项major“主要的”；D选项peril“危及，置.于险境”。句意：我发现这个地区有很多小规模的偷盗行为。选项A更符合语境。8. 单选题As they watched the match, the crowd（ ） in unison.问题1选项A.chantedB.croonedC.crowedD.harmonized【答案】A【解析】动词辨析题。A选项chant“歌唱，颂扬”；B选项croon“低吟，轻哼”；C选项crow“打鸣”；D选项harmonize“协调”。句意：当他们在观看比赛的时候，人群齐声歌唱。选项A更符合语境。9. 单选题Attendance at cinema has（ ） greatly since the invention of TV sets.问题1选项A.dropped inB.dropped offC.dropped onD.dropped out【答案】B【解析】词组辨析题。A选项drop in“使落进”；B选项drop off“减少”；C选项drop on“偶然发现，突然拜访”；D选项drop out“退出，脱离”。句意：自从发明电视机以来，看电影的人就大大减少了。选项B符合句意。10. 翻译题We must continue with the reform in tax and fee in rural areas to lighten the burdens of farmers and protect their interests.China does not seek hegemony or predominance in world affairs. It advocates a new international political and economic order.If we do not crack down on corruption, the flesh-and-blood ties between the Party and the people will suffer a lot and the Party will be in danger of losing its ruling position, or possibly heading for self-destruction.Nobody in any sector, public or private, should offer benefits unless for a good reason.Dams are a dramatic example of a human activity that degrades freshwater ecosystems.【答案】为了减轻农民的负担和保护他们的利益，我们一定要继续进行农村税费改革。中国在世界事务中不谋求霸权或主导地位。它主张一个新的国际政治和经济秩序。如果我们不打击腐败，那么党和人们之间的血肉联系将会深受其害，并且党将会处于失去其执政地位的危险之中或可能走向自我毁灭。除非有正当的理由，否则任何部门(公共的或私人的)没有人应该提供福利。水坝是人类活动使淡水生态系统退化的一个引人注目的例子。11. 单选题The government officials estimate that the war has created more than half a million（ ）who need immediate food, clothing and shelter.问题1选项A.exilesB.hostagesC.survivorsD.refugees【答案】D【解析】名词辨析题。A选项exile“放逐，流放”；B选项hostage“人质，抵押品”；C选项survivor“幸存者”；D选项refugee“难民，逃亡者”。句意：政府官员估计，战争导致50多万难民急需食物、衣服和住所。选项D符合句意。12. 单选题He has spent all the money and made no（ ）for the future.问题1选项A.proverbB.provisionC.prospectD.province【答案】B【解析】名词辨析题。A选项proverb“谚语，格言”；B选项 provision“规定，条款，供应品”；C选项prospect“前途，预期”；D选项province“领域，职权”。句意：他花光了所有的钱，没有为将来做准备。选项B符合句意。13. 翻译题Translate the following sentences into English采取一切有效措施扫清“黄毒”，依法处理相关违法人员。劳教制度废止后，未触犯刑法的违法者，将由社区采取措施进行矫正。醉酒驾驶机动车的行为，要追究法律责任。中国渔政船频繁开赴钓鱼岛，维护国家的合法权益。打击网络犯罪，保护人民生命和财产安全。依法行政是实现“中国梦”的根本性制度保障。【答案】Take all effective measures to clear away the pornography and drugs and deal with the relevant persons who break laws in accordance with the law.After the abolishment of the system of reeducation through labor, the community will take measures to correct the lawbreakers who do not violate the criminal law.To drive a motor vehicle after getting drunk shall be investigated for legal responsibility.Chinese fishery administration vessels frequently set out for Diaoyu islands to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of our country.Crack down network crime and protect peoples lives and property.To administer our government according to law is an essential institutional guarantee for realizing the Chinese dream.14. 单选题Radar is used to extend the（ ）of mans senses for observing his environment, especially the sense of vision.问题1选项A.validityB.liabilityC.capabilityD.intensity【答案】C【解析】名词辨析题。A选项validity“有效性，正确性”；B选项liability“责任，可能性”；C选项capability“才能，能力”；D选项intensity“强度”。句意：雷达是用来扩展人们观察环境的感知能力，特别是视觉感知能力。选项C符合语境。15. 单选题With the development of international trade, an international medium of exchange is required. From the late 1800s until World War I, most countries operated on the gold standard. Gold coins of standard specifications circulated freely between countries, making gold in effect an international currency. This system provided an automatic correction for some trade imbalances, but it had little liquidity (the money supply could not expand as rapidly as required by expanding trade), and it was vulnerably to short-term changes in the gold supply.After the financial stability of the 1930s，the international monetary system was re-built following World War II on the gold-exchange standard. The values of most national currencies were fixed in relation to the US dollar, reserves were kept in dollars, which would be exchanged on demand for gold at a set price ($35 an ounce until 1968). The International Monetary Fund, a key institution set up under this system, makes international loans with capital subscribed by its members, which include most noncommunist states. Voting rights are proportional to the amounts subscribed. The IMF has been able, through its loans, to stabilize fluctuating currencies and to influence the internal financial policies of recipient countries, a frequently criticized practice.The success of the gold exchange standard, however, depended on the superior position of the US in world trade. In the 1960s, continual balance payments deficits lowered US gold reserves and fatally undermined the system. In 1968 a two-tiered system was adopted. Government banks maintained a fixed gold price, while none governmental buyers traded freely. Simultaneously, non-dollar special drawing right were assigned to IMF members in proportion to their contributions. But these changes didnt relieve the strain on the US dollar. In 1971 President Richard Nixon announced that dollars would no longer automatically be exchanged for gold, and since then there has been no single international monetary standard.1.Since World War II the international monetary system has shown an overall trend toward（ ）.2.The reason why the gold standard had limited liquidity is probable because（ ）.3.The gold-exchange standard differs from the gold standard in that（ ）.问题1选项A.greater centralize control of world trade.B.trying the value of world currencies rather than the value of gold supplyC.increasingly stable currenciesD.substituting several different monetary standards for a single unified standard问题2选项A.the money supply could not increase faster than the tradeB.the money supply varied independently of the gold supplyC.it was impossible to convert the currency of one country into that of anotherD.a nations currency could not be freely converted into gold问题3选项A.it does not establish a generally accepted international medium of exchangeB.it establishes no relationship between the value of a given currency and the value of goldC.the relationship it establishes between the value of any currency and whatever the value of gold is indirect rather than direct.D.it is a two-tiered rather than a single-tiered system.【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:C【解析】1.判断推理题。结合全文内容可知，原文第一段讲了金本位制下黄金作为国际货币的不足之处；第二段提到国际货币体系取代黄金作为国际货币交换的媒介；再根据第三段最后一句“since then there has been no single international monetary standard. 从那时起，就没有单一的国际货币标准。”也就是说出现了多种货币体系来代替统一的标准，选项D符合原文。2.细节事实题。根据第一段最后一句“ but it had little liquidity (the money supply could not expand as rapidly as required by expanding trade). 但它几乎没有流动性(货币供应不能像扩大贸易所需要的那样迅速扩张)。”由此可知，选项A符合原文。3.判断推理题。根据第二段第二句“The values of most national currencies were fixed in relation to the US dollar, reserves were kept in dollars, which would be exchanged on demand for gold at a set price. 大多数国家货币的价值与美元挂钩是固定的，外汇储备以美元形式保存，这些美元将在黄金需求时以固定价格兑换。”由此可知，金汇兑本位制区别于金本位制是由于它在任何货币价值和黄金价值之间所建立的关系不是直接的，而是间接的。所以选项C符合原文。16. 翻译题Put the following Chinese into English.网络用户、网络服务提供者利用网络侵害他人民事权益或者利益的，应当承担侵权责任。公法调整和规范自然人、法人和国家之间的关系,它包括行政法规、刑法以及其他涉及公共秩序的法律。合同是当事人之间设立、变更、终民事关系的协议；依法成立的合同，受法律保护。物权的取得和行使，应当遵守法律，尊重社会公德，不得损害公共利益和他人合法权益。人民法院审理案件，对于侵犯著作权或者与著作权有关的权利的，可以没收违法所得、侵权复制品以及进行违法活动的财物。【答案】Network users and network service providers who infringe upon the civil rights or interests of others via network shall bear the tort liability.Public law adjusts and regulates the relationship among natural persons, legal persons and the state. It includes administrative regulations, criminal laws and other laws related to public order.A contract is an agreement between the parties to establish, change or terminate a civil relationship. A contract established in accordance with the law shall be protected by law.The acquisition and exercise of property rights shall abide by the law, respect social morality and not damage public interests and legitimate rights and interests of others.For those cases that infringe on copyright or relative rights. Peoples Court can confiscate illegal proceeds, infringing copies and properties for illegal activities when trying a case.17. 单选题The plane is a form of transportation whose（ ） we take for granted.问题1选项A.convenienceB.constructionC.satisfactionD.insurance【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。A选项convenience“便利”；B选项construction“建设”；C选项satisfaction“满足”；D选项insurance“保险”。句意：飞机是一种我们认为理所当然便利的交通工具。选项A符合句意。18. 单选题Lacking（ ）political goals, the two parties quarreled.问题1选项A.intricateB.coherentC.intrinsicD.distinct【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项intricate“复杂的”；B选项coherent“连贯的，一致的”；C选项intrinsic“本质的，固有的”；D选项distinct“明显的，独特的”。句意：由于缺乏一致的政治目标，两党发生了争吵。选项B更符合语境。19. 单选题Mother told me that the most important thing of choosing a piece of cloth is its （ ）.问题1选项A.styleB.textureC.textileD.content【答案】B【解析】名词辨析题。A选项style“风格，类型”；B选项texture“质地，纹理，结构”；C选项textile“纺织品”；D选项content“内容，满足”。句意：母亲告诉我，挑选一块布最重要的是看它的质地。选项B符合句意。20. 单选题Living in poverty, she sold for 1000 dollars the（ ） of her fathers first work, which made him famous.问题1选项A.manuscriptB.documentC.fileD.duplicate【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。A选项manuscript“手稿，原稿”；B选项document“文件”；C选项file“文件，档案”；D选项duplicate“副本，复制品”。句意：由于生活贫困，她以1000美元的价格卖掉了她父亲第一部作品并且使之成名的手稿。选项A更符合语境。