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短文理解(一)感受四季+魅力午休+保护耳朵AIn many places the weather changes during the year. These changes are called seasons. In the north and south there are four seasons in a year. At the North and South Pole, there are only two seasons. In tropical(热带) places near the Earths equator(赤道), there are two seasons: a “wet” season and a “dry” season. Each season brings changes. They are important for plants and animals that live in different parts of the world. Spring starts when the day and night are the same length. The weather gets warmer and sunnier. Trees and plants start to grow. Many animals have their babies in spring.Summer begins on the longest day of the year. In the north this is on June 21 or 22. Summer is usually the warmest and sunniest time of the year. Fruit grows faster on trees and plants. Young animals grow bigger and stronger. Autumn starts when the day and night are the same length again. During autumn, the leaves change color and fall down from the trees. Some animals collect food before winter comes. Winter begins on the shortest day of the year. In the north this is on December 21 or 22. The weather is colder and in some places there is lots of snow. Plants and trees stop growing. Some animals, like bats and bears, find places to hide and sleep. This is called hibernation.1.There are seasons on Greenland (格陵兰岛) at the North Pole.()A.fourB.threeC.two2.Many animals in spring.()A.have babiesB.change colorC.collect food3.Fruit grows faster on trees and plants in .()A.springB.summerC.autumn4.The meaning of the underlined word “hibernation” is in Chinese.()A.迁徙B.寒冷C.冬眠5. start when the day and night are the same length.()A.Spring and summerB.Summer and autumnC.Spring and autumnBMarch 16 is International Sleep Day.Studies have shown that a good nights rest helps us stay healthy, both mentally(精神地) and physically(身体地).Sleep is probably the best tool we have for memory and learning.A good nights sleep helps to learn better.But what about getting rest during the middle of the day? Short periods of sleep after a mid-day meal, we call it napping(午睡), may help our brains work better.Past studies have shown that napping can help babies and young children learn better.And napping can help brain performance in older adults.Taking a nap may also help this group of people fight off age-related memory loss.As we all know, the older we are, the more memory we will lose.The study found that people who took an hour-long nap did much better on mental tests than those who did not nap.The hour-long nappers also did better on the tests than those who napped for shorter and longer periods.In this study, it seems that the most effective(有效的) nap lasted for about an hour, but not much longer.Keep in mind, however, that these are the findings for those over the age of 65. And there is a little difference between the old and young people.Doctor Michael Twery notes that an hour-long nap may be too long for young, healthy adults.And 30 minutes is enough to remove the pressure to sleep and will help them feel more awake. If they nap longer, they will get trapped into(受困于) deep sleep, which can be hard to get out of.If you have trouble falling asleep at night, limit(限制) your daytime nap to under 45 minutes.Also nap before 3 p.m.in the afternoon.1.When is the International Sleep Day?()A.January 16.B.February 16.C.March 16.2.The words “this group of people” refer to(指的是) .()A.babiesB.young childrenC.older adults3.People who are over the age of 65 should spend napping.()A.about an hourB.30 minutesC.under 45 minutes4. 30 minutes is enough for the young, healthy adults to remove the pressure and help them feel more awake.()A.NappingB.WalkingC.Swimming5.If you , you should reduce your nap time and nap before 3 p.m.in the afternoon.()A.are having trouble seeingB.have trouble falling asleep at nightC.have trouble remembering thingsCA year ago, Jia Wenchao, a college teacher, suddenly realized that he was having hearing problems. The problem grew so worse that he decided to look for medical help at a local hospital in Beijing. An examination suggested that both his ears were losing the ability to hear high frequency(频率) sounds. The doctor Pan told him that the problem was called hearing loss, which was caused by listening to high frequency and loud noise, including from his earphones.“Such patients are increasing in recent years. Even some teenagers are among them”says Pan. “And during our research, we find that many of them took up some bad habits which were harmful to their hearing, such as listening to music for a long time at high volume(音量).”A recent report by the World Health Organization has warned that 1.1 billion teenagers and young adults are at the risk of hearing loss because of the unsafe use of personal audio devices(音频设备) including smart phones. The study results have got wide attention in China. Compared with more noticeable health problems like eyesight loss, hearing loss has been largely neglected. Pan says that the problem is only found out when the patients visit their hospital to look for help. He also says that timely treatment is very important. This is because sometimes the hearing loss is temporary(暂时的) and can be cured.To mark International Ear Care Day(celebrated each year on March 3rd), WHO has developed the “Make Listening Safe” initiative(倡议) to draw peoples attention to the dangers of unsafe listening. The WHO study warns that hearing loss has had a bad influence on physical and mental health, and education. It says that teenagers and young people can better protect their hearing by keeping the volume down on personal audio devices, and using carefully fitted, and if possible, noise-canceling earphones or headphones.1.What happened to Jiao Wenchao last year?()A.He couldnt hear at all.B.He had the hearing loss problem.C.He looked for help because of his health problem.2.Why are hearing loss patients increasing these years?()A.Because they have great pressure from health problems.B.Because they got into bad habits like listening to music.C.Because they listen to something at high volume for too long.3.What does the underlined word “neglected” mean in the third paragraph?()A.重视B.忽略C.治疗4.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?()A.Hearing loss problems do little harm to your mental health.B.If hearing loss problems are treated in time, they can be cured.C.People should control the volume when using headphones.5.What is the best title of this passage?()A.What Caused Hearing Loss ProblemsB.Ways to Solve Hearing Loss ProblemsC.Hearing Loss Problems: Time to Face It【参考答案】A主旨大意本文是一篇说明文,介绍了全球各地的季节变化,并详细描述了春、夏、秋、冬的季节特点。1.C细节理解题。结合第一段中“At the North and South Pole, there are only two seasons.”可知北极地区的格陵兰岛有两个季节。故选C。2.A细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Many animals have their babies in spring.”可知很多动物在春天繁殖幼仔。3.B细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fruit grows faster on trees and plants.”可知果树在夏天生长得很快。4.C词义猜测题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Some animals, like bats and bears, find places to hide and sleep.”可知这种现象是“冬眠”,故推知词义。5.C细节理解题。根据第二段和第四段中的第一句可知春天和秋天昼夜时长一样,故选C。B主旨大意本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍的是中午吃过午饭后在三点之前短暂午睡几十分钟能让我们的大脑思路更清晰。午休还能帮助婴儿和年轻的孩子学东西更快、帮助成年人减少记忆力下降等。1.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“March 16 is International Sleep Day.”可知,3月16日是国际睡眠日。故选C。2.C推理判断题。根据画线短语所在句的上文“And napping can help brain performance in older adults.”可推断“这群人”指的是“年龄偏大的成年人”。故选C。3.A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In this study, it seems that the most effective nap lasted for about an hour, but not much longer.Keep in mind, however, that these are the findings for those over the age of 65.”可知,65岁以上的老人应该午休一个小时左右。故选A。4.A细节理解题。根据第五段中的“an hour-long nap may be too long for young, healthy adults.And 30 minutes is enough to remove the pressure to sleep and will help them feel more awake.”可知,对于健康的年轻的成年人来说,午休半小时就足够了。故选A。5.B细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“If you have trouble falling asleep at night, limit your daytime nap to under 45 minutes.Also nap before 3 p.m.in the afternoon.”可知,晚上睡眠有困难的人,应该缩短午休时间,并且要在下午三点之前午睡。故选B。C15BCBAC5
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