2022-2023年ACCA英国注册会计师试题库带答案第200期

2022-2023年ACCA英国注册会计师试题库带答案1. 单选题 A company manufactures and sells a single product. For this month the budgeted fixed production overheads are $48,000, budgeted production is 12,000 units and budgeted sales are 11,720 units. The company currently uses absorption costing. If the company used marginal costing principles instead of absorption costing for this month, what would be the effect on the budgeted profit? A $1,120 higherB $1,120 lowerC $3,920 higherD $3,920 lower考点 Chapter9AbsorptionandmarginalCosting解析 Fixed production overhead per unit = $48,000/12,000 units = $4.Sales volume is less than production volume by 280 units.In absorption costing, this means that some fixed overheads will be carried forward in the closing inventory value. Fixed overheads in this addition to inventory = 280 units x $4 = $1,120.In marginal costing, all fixed overheads incurred in a period are charged as an expense against profit. Marginal costing profit would therefore be lower than the absorption costing profit by $1,120.2. 单选题 Which of the following is most clearly a sign of an ineffective group?A There is disagreement and criticism within the groupB There is competition with other groups C Members passively accept work decisionsC Individuals achieve their own targets考点 Chapter14Individuals,groupsandteams解析 Rationale： Members of an effectively functioning group will take an active interest (as opposed tooption C) in decisions affecting their work. Option A is healthy, particularly in avoiding problems that occur when groups seek consensus at all costs (eg group think). Option B is healthy, as it unites and stimulates the group. Option D can be a sign that the group is supporting the performance of its members - not just that they are focusing on their own performance at the expense of the group.Pitfalls: If you were trying to go by common sense instead of knowledge, you might think that intra-team disagreement and inter-team competition were negatives: not so. The examiner does not set trick questions, but questions can be designed to separate those who have studied from those who are guessing!3. 单选题 Direct labour hours or direct machine hours are used to trace costs to products occurs with absorptioncosting, but not with ABC.A TrueB false考点 Chapter2aActivitybasedcosting解析 The use of volume-related cost drivers should be used for costs that do vary with productionvolume.4. 单选题 A company has established a marginal costing profit of $72,300. Opening inventory was 300 units and closing inventory is 750 units. The fixed production overhead absorption rate has been calculated as $5/unit. What was the profit under absorption costing? A $67,050B $70,050C $74,550D $77,550考点 Chapter9AbsorptionandmarginalCosting解析 There was an increase in inventory in the period； therefore the absorption costing profit is higher than the marginal costing profit (because a larger amount of fixed overhead is carried forward in the closing inventory value). $Marginal costing profit 72,300Less: fixed costs in opening inventory (300 units x $5) (1,500)Add: fixed costs in closing inventory (750 units x $5) 3,750Absorption costing profit 74,5505. 单选题 Net profit was calculated as being $10,200. It was later discovered that capital expenditure of $3,000 had been treated as revenue expenditure, and revenue receipts of $1,400 had been treated as capital receipts.What is the net profit after correcting this error? A $5,800B $8,600C $11,800D $14,600考点 Chapter16Correctionoferrors解析 $10,200 + $3,000 + $1,400 = $14,6006. 单选题 A chain of coffee shops has implemented a Total Quality Management system to ensure high quality and consistency across all outlets. As part of the scheme, the chain offers a free replacement drink to any customer not completely satisfied with their purchase. Which of the following BEST describes the cost of providing replacement drinks?A An external failurecostB An internal failure costC A prevention costD An appraisal cost考点 Chapter13Alternativecostingprinciples解析 This is a cost arising from inadequate quality discovered after the transfer of ownership, an external failure cost.7. 单选题 The sales volume variance is valued at the standard selling price per unit.A TrueB False考点 Chapter11Varianceanalysis解析 False. It is valued at the standard profit margin per unit.8. 单选题 What is an attainable standard?A A standard which includes no allowance for losses, waste and inefficiencies. It represents the level of performance which is attainable under perfect operating conditionsB A standard which includes some allowance for losses, waste and inefficiencies. It represents the level of performance which is attainable under efficient operating conditionsC A standard which is based on currently attainable operating conditionsD A standard which is kept unchanged, to show the trend in costs考点 Chapter20Standardcosting解析 An attainable standard assumes efficient levels of operation, but includes allowances for normal loss, waste and machine downtime.9. 单选题 S Company is a manufacturer of multiple products and uses target costing. It has been noted thatProduct P currently has a target cost gap and the company wishes to close this gap. Which of the following may be used to close the target cost gap for product P? A Use overtime to complete work ahead of scheduleB Substitute current raw materials with cheaper versionsC Raise the selling price of PD Negotiate cheaper rent for S Companys premises考点 Chapter2bTargetcosting解析 Reducing the target cost gap should focus on ways of reducing the direct or variable costsof the product. This can be achieved by using a substitute cheaper raw material, but withoutaffecting product quality. Reducing fixed overhead costs is not a way of reducing the gap.Using overtime is likely to increase costs and the target cost gap. Raising the selling pricedoes not affect the cost gap directly, although it may lead to a reassessment of the targetcost.10. 单选题 Which of the following may be considered to be objectives of budgeting?(i) Co-ordination(ii) Communication(iii) Expansion(iv) Resource allocationA All of themB (i), (ii) and (iv)C (ii), (iii) and (iv)D (ii) and (iv)考点 Chapter15Budgeting解析 Coordination (i) is an objective of budgeting. Budgets help to ensure that the activities of all parts of the organisation are coordinated towards a single plan.Communication (ii) is an objective of budgeting. The budgetary planning process communicates targets to the managers responsible for achieving them, and it should also provide a mechanism for junior managers to communicate to more senior staff their estimates of what may be achievable in their part of the business.Expansion (iii) is not in itself an objective of budgeting. Although a budget may be set within a framework of expansion plans, it is perfectly possible for an organisation to plan for a reduction in activity.Resource allocation (iv) is an objective of budgeting. Most organisations face a situation of limited resources and an objective of the budgeting process is to ensure that these resources are allocated among budget centres in the most efficient way.11. 单选题 The following question is taken from the December 2011 exam paper. The following shows the total overhead costs for given levels of a companys total output. Cost Output $ Units 4,0001,000 7,000 2,000 10,000 3,000 9,500 4,000 A step up in fixed costs of $500 occurs at an output level of 3,500 units. What would be the variable overhead cost per unit (to the nearest $0.01) using the high-low technique? A $1.67per unitB $1.87per unitC $2.75per unitD $3.00 per unit考点 Chapter5Costbehaviour解析 ACCA examining team commentsThis question relates to study guide reference A3(h).The high-low technique estimates variable cost per unit by looking at the change in costs between the highest and lowest levels of output. The correct answer is A. This can be calculated by finding the change in cost between the highest and lowest output levels not explained by the step in fixed costs ($9,500 - $4,000 - $500 = $5,000) , and dividing by the change in output between the highest and lowest output levels. ($5,000 / (4,000 units - 1,000 units) = $1.67 per unit.Many candidates incorrectly based their calculations on the change in costs between the highest and lowest levels of cost, and hence selected option D ($10,000 - $4,000)/ (3,000 units -1,000units) or C ($10,000 - $4,000 - $500)/ (3,000 units - 1,000 units). This mistake suggests some confusion between the independent variable, output, and the dependent variable, cost.12. 填空题 (1)_ are a (2) _remedy designed to restore the injured party to the positionthey would have been in had the contract been (3) _A loss outside the natural course of events will only be compensated if the (4) _circumstances are within the (5) _s knowledge at the time of making the contract.In assessing the amount of damage it is assumed that the (6) _will (7) _their loss.A contractual term designed as a (8) _is (9) _.考点 Chapter6Breachofcontractandremedies解析 damages are a common lawremedy designed to restore the injured party to the positionthey would have been in had the contract been performed . A loss outside the natural course of events will only be compensated if the exceptional circumstances are within the defendants knowledge at the time of making the contract.In assessing the amount of damage it is assumed that the claimant will mitigate their loss.A contractual term designed as a penalty clause is void.13. 单选题 Which of the following parties has their interest paid last out of a liquidated companys assets?A EmployeesB Unsecured creditorsC Members考点 Chapter21Insolvencyandadministration解析 When a company is liquidated, the members share any surplus remaining after all the other debtshave been repaid.14. 材料题 材料全屏 AB produces a consumable compound X, used in the preliminary stage of a technical process that itinstalls in customers factories worldwide. An overseas competitor, CD, offering an alternative processwhich uses the same preliminary stage, has developed a new compound, Y, for that stage which is bothcheaper in its ingredients and more effective than X. At present, CD is offering Y only in its own national market, but it is expected that it will not be long beforeit extends its sales overseas. Both X and Y are also sold separately to users of the technical process as areplacement for the original compound that eventually loses its strength. This replacement demandamounts to 60% of total demand for X and would do so for Y. CD is selling Y at the same price as X($64.08 per kg). AB discovers that it would take 20 weeks to set up a production facility to manufacture Y at an incrementalcapital cost of $3,500 and the comparative manufacturing costs of X and Y would be: X Y $ per kg $ per kg Direct materials 17.33 4.01 Direct labour 7.36 2.85 24.69 6.86 AB normally absorbs departmental overhead at 200% of direct labour: 30% of this departmental overheadis variable directly with direct labour cost. Selling and administration overhead is absorbed at one half ofdepartmental overhead. The current sales of X average 74 kg per week and this level (whether of X or of Y if it were produced) isnot expected to change over the next year. Because the direct materials for X are highly specialised, ABhas always had to keep large inventories in order to obtain supplies. At present, these amount to $44,800at cost. Its inventory of finished X is $51,900 at full cost. Unfortunately, neither X nor its raw materialshave any resale value whatsoever: in fact, it would cost $0.30 per kg to dispose of them. Over the next three months AB is not normally busy and, in order to avoid laying off staff, has anarrangement with the trade union whereby it pays its factory operators at 65% of their normal rate of payfor the period while they do non-production work. AB assesses that it could process all its relevant directmaterials into X in that period, if necessary. There are two main options open to AB. (i) To continue to sell X until all its inventories of X (both of direct materials and of finished inventory)are exhausted, and then start sales of Y immediately afterwards. (ii) To start sales of Y as soon as possible and then to dispose of any remaining inventories of Xand/or its raw materials. 28 【论述题】 Recommend, with supporting calculations, which of the two main courses of action suggested isthe more advantageous from a purely cost and financial point of view. 考点 考点：Chapter6Short-termdecisions解析 Full cost of production per kg of X $Direct materials 17.33Direct labour 7.36Production overhead (200% of labour) 14.72 39.41The quantity of inventory in hand is therefore $51,900/$39.41 = 1,317 kgAt a weekly sales volume of 74 kg, this represents 1,317/74 = about 18 weeks of salesIt will take 20 weeks to set up the production facility for Y, and so inventory in hand of finished Xcan be sold before any Y can be produced. This finished inventory is therefore irrelevant to thedecision under review; it will be sold whatever decision is taken.The problem therefore centres on the inventory in hand of direct materials. Assuming that there isno loss or wastage in manufacture and so 1 kg of direct material is needed to produce 1 kg of Xthen inventory in hand is $44,800/$17.33 = 2,585 kg.This would be converted into 2,585 kg of X, which would represent sales volume for 2,585/74 = 35weeks.If AB sells its existing inventories of finished X (in 18 weeks) there are two options.(i) To produce enough X from raw materials for 2 more weeks, until production of Y can start,and then dispose of all other quantities of direct material ie 33 weeks supply.(ii) To produce enough X from raw materials to use up the existing inventory of raw materials,and so delay the introduction of Y by 33 weeks.The relevant costs of these two options(i) Direct materials. The relevant cost of existing inventories of raw materials is $(0.30). Inother words the cost is a benefit. By using the direct materials to make more X, thecompany would save $0.30 per kg used.(ii) Direct labour. It is assumed that, if labour is switched to production work from non-production work in the next three months, they must be paid at the full rate of pay, and notat 65% of normal rate. The incremental cost of labour would be 35% of the normal rate(35% of $7.36 = $2.58 per kg produced).(Note. Y cannot be made for 20 weeks, and so the company cannot make use of spare labourcapacity to produce any units of Y.)It is cheaper to use up the direct material inventories and make X ($6.70 per kg) than to introduceY as soon as possible, because there would be a saving of ($8.57 $6.70) = $1.87 per kg made.AB must sell X for at least 20 weeks until Y could be produced anyway, but the introduction of Ycould be delayed by a further 33 weeks until all inventories of direct material for X are used up. Thesaving in total would be about $1.87 per kg 74 kg per week 33 weeks = $4,567.15. 论述题 This objective test question contains a question type which will only appear in a computer-based exam, but this question provides valuable practice for all students whichever versionof the exam they are taking. Bloom Limited was the subject of the following press story: “Bloom is proud to announce that it has managed to maintain its market share despite anoverall increase in the market size by 10%.” However, the sales director when challenged,by this journalist recently admitted having been forced to reduce prices by $1.50 per bunchon average on a budget volume of 12,000 bunches. All is not as rosy as it seems in Bloomsgarden! If the standard variable cost of a bloom bunch of flowers is $20 and the standardcontribution gained is $5 what is the adverse sales price variance? 考点 Chapter11Varianceanalysis解析 The sales price variance is $19,800 AdvAQ AP = 13,200 23.50 = 310,200AQ SP = 13,200 25.00 = 330,000Price variance = 19,800 Adv16. 单选题 Which of the following statements regarding issuing shares is correct?A Shares must be issued at their nominal valueB Shares may be issued at a discount to their nominal valueC Shares may be issued at a premium to their nominal value考点 Chapter15Sharecapital解析 Shares may be issued at a premium to their nominal value and the premium is credited to the sharepremium account. Therefore shares do not have to be issued at their nominal value. Shares must notbe issued at a discount to their nominal value.17. 单选题 The following statements relate to responsibility centres:(i) Return on capital employed is a suitable measure of performance in both profit and investment centres.(ii) Cost centres are found in manufacturing organisations but not in service organisations.(iii) The manager of a revenue centre is responsible for both sales and costs in a part of an organisation.Which of the statements are incorrect?A (i) and (ii)B (ii) and (iii)C (j) and (iii)D All of them考点 Chapter1Accountingformanagement解析 (i) ROCE compares profit to capital employed and is not a suitable measure for a profit centre as the manager does not have responsibility for capital employed.(ii) Cost centres are found in all organisations.(iii) The manager of a revenue centre is only responsible for revenues, not costs18. 材料题 Calculate the amount of overhead in respect of purchase orders, which would be attributed to thebudgeted amount of Fireball motorcycles, using ABC costing principles.考点 考点：Chapter2aActivitybasedcosting解析 OverheadsPurchase order overheadsFireball $4,500 100 = $450,00019. 单选题 In a criminal case, which of the following parties could be offered a deferred prosecution agreement by theprosecution?A An individual directorB An individual shareholder