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第十一节非谓语动词第十一节非谓语动词第二部分中考语法知识归纳中考考点精讲精练中考考点精讲精练非谓语动词：注意：本节中的动词原形统一用“do”来表示。考点考点1 带带to的动词不定式的动词不定式考点精讲考点精讲1. 构成：(1)to do，如ask sb. to do；(2)(to) do，如help sb. (to) do； (3)do，如let sb. do。2. 否定形式：not to do / not (to) do / not do。3. 常规用法： 4. 特别用法： (1)wh- / h-疑问词+不定式(短语)：其作用相当于一个名词性从句，常用在动词tell, know, imagine, learn, decided, forget, remember, consider, understand等后面作宾语，也可作主语、表语、同位语等。如： He asked me how to open the box.=He asked me how he could open the box. 他问我这盒子怎么打开。You have to consider what to do next.=You have to consider what you should do next. 你必须考虑下一步该做什么。 (2)带逻辑主语的不定式：不定式可以带有自己的逻辑主语，构成方法是“it is+形容词 / 名词+(for / of sb.)+to do sth.”。如： It is necessary for you to have a talk with him. 跟他交谈一下对你而言有必要。(当该形容词或名词在意义上描述的是 to do sth. 的特征时，用 for 引出逻辑主语。该类形容词常为easy, difficult / hard, important, necessary, etc.) It is foolish of you to do it like that. 你那样做好蠢。(当该形容词描述的是逻辑主语sb. 的特征时，用 of 引出逻辑主语。该类形容词常为kind, foolish, rude, clever, selfish, careful, etc.)考题精解考题精解( )(2015广东)We advise parents _ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger.A. not leave B. not to leave C. leave D. to leave 解析解析 本题句意： 为了确保孩子们远离危险，我们建议家长不要把他们的孩子们单独留在家里。本题考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。首先，advise后应接带to的不定式作宾补；再结合句意可知“我们建议家长别做”，故填not to leave。 答案答案 B考题再现考题再现( )1. (2015梅州)Jane was shy. She would not invite her classmates _ dancing with her. A. practice B. practicesC. practicing D. to practice( )2. (2014茂名)Miss Wang told us _ smoke, so you mustnt smoke. A. to B. not toC. dont( )3. (2014广东)In order _ for the meeting，my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. A. not to be late B. not being lateC. to be late D. being lateDBA考题预测考题预测( )4. How kind you are! You always do what you can_ me. A. help B. helping C. to help D. helps( )5. I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you?I havent decided where _. A. go B. went C. going D. to go( )6. Shes not strong enough _ walking up mountains. A. to go B. going C. go D. wentCDA考点考点2 秃头不定式秃头不定式(即不带即不带to的不定式的不定式)考点精讲考点精讲秃头不定式一般在句子中作宾语补足语。其他其他“秃头不定式秃头不定式”句型：句型： had better (not)do 最好(别)做 Why not do.？Why dont sb. do.？ 为什么(某人)不做？ Will / Would / Can / Could you please (not)do.？(请)你(别)做好吗？ would rather (not)do sth. 宁愿(不)做 would do.rather than do.(would rather do.than do.prefer to do.rather than do.prefer doing.to doing.)宁愿做，而不愿做考题精解考题精解( )(2014湛江)Why not _ to the park now？ Good idea！ Lets go. A. go B. to go C. goes D. going 解析解析 本题句意：为什么现在不去公园呢？好主意！我们走吧！ 本题考查“秃头”不定式：why not后只能接不带to的不定式，相当于why dont sb. do(某人为什么不做)，故填go。 答案答案 A考题再现考题再现( )1. (2013深圳)Its bad to expect things for nothing. Therefore, my parents_ give me much pocket money.But my parents always let me_ some pocket money by helping with the housework. A. often; earnB. never; to earnC. always; to earnD. seldom; earnD( )2. (2012深圳)Its time for dinner, Linda. Lets _ out this evening. Nice. But I prefer Chinese food _ Western food. A. eat; to B. to eat; thanC. eat; than D. to eat; to( )3. (2012肇庆)How do you feel when you watch the national flag go up?It makes me _ very proud. A. feel B. feltC. to feelAA考题预测考题预测( )4. Lets play football on the playground. Its too hot outside. I would rather _ at home than _ out. A. to stay; go B. staying; goingC. stay; to go D. stay; go( )5. The cartoon film we saw last night made us _. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed( )6. Will you please _ the flowers?Sorry. I wont. A. pick B. dont pickC. not to pick D. not pickDAD考点考点3 动名词动名词考点精讲1. 构成：do+-ing。2. 否定形式：not+doing。3. 常规用法： 4. 动名词的复合结构 由“形容词性物主代词 / 名称所有格+动名词”可构成动名词的复合结构，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。该物主代词或名称所有格是动名词的逻辑主语。如： Would you mind my / me smoking here?=Would you mind if I smoke here? 你介意我在这里吸烟吗？ I insisted on my husbands / my husband paying the bill. 我坚持让我丈夫买单。考题精解考题精解( )(2015广州)Sarah, youd better drink more water after _ for such a long time. A. run B. runs C. to run D. running 解析解析 本题句意：莎拉，跑这么久后你最好喝多点水。本题考查动名词。根据横线前的介词after可以判断用动名词running，因为介词后直接接动词时，需改为动名词形式。 答案答案 D考题再现考题再现( )1. (2014梅州)Paul looks forward to _ his pen pal as soon as possible. A. meets B. meetC. meeting D. met( )2. (2012河源)Its too hot. Would you mind my _ the window?_. Do it as you like, please. A. to open; OK B. opening; Certainly notC. opening; Of course D. open; Good ideaCB( )3. (2012河源)I enjoy playing computer games, but I cant _ too much time _ that. A. take; doing B. spend; doingC. spend; for doing D. take; to doB考题预测考题预测( )4. What about _ a rest?Lets go for a walk. A. to take B. takeC. taking D. us taking( )5. Our English teacher often says to us, “_ English well is very important” A. Learn B. LearningC. Learned D. To learningCB( )6. Seeing their teacher _ into the class-room, they stopped _ at once. A. walk; tellingB. entering; to speakC. enter; to tell D. walking; talkingD
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