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Unit 5 Nelson Mandela a modern heroReadingAre they famous people?Are they great people?What qualities does a great person have? A great personhard-workingintelligentdeterminedgenerouskindbraveconfidentselflesshelpfulhonestGet on well with othersNever lose heartBe active in society activitiesDo public service work without payMake great contributions to mankindenergeticpassionatelawyerguidancelegalfeehopefulstagen. 律师律师n. 指导指导; 领导领导adj. 法律的法律的; 依照法律的依照法律的n. 费费(会费、学费等会费、学费等); 酬金酬金adj. (怀怀)有希望的有希望的n. 舞台舞台; 阶段阶段; 时期时期Words Preview质量；品质；性质质量；品质；性质乐意的；自愿的乐意的；自愿的共和国；共和政体共和国；共和政体法则；原则法则；原则和平的；平静的和平的；平静的继续继续quality n.willing adj.republic n.principle n.peaceful adj.continue vi. &vt.voteattackviolenceequalanti-black sentence nationalism livelihood vt. & vi. 投票投票; 选举选举n. 投票投票; 选票选票; 表决表决vt. 进攻进攻; 攻击攻击; 抨击抨击n. 暴力暴力; 暴行暴行adj. 相等的相等的; 平等的平等的adj. 反黑人的反黑人的vt. 判决判决;宣判宣判n. 民主主义民主主义;国家主义国家主义n. 生计生计;谋生谋生1. 乐意做某事乐意做某事2. 愿意让某人做某事愿意让某人做某事3. 建议某人做某事建议某人做某事4. 处于不幸中处于不幸中5. 为了为了而战而战6. 与与作战作战be willing to do sth. be willing for sb. to do sth.advise sb. to do sth.in troublefight for fight against Expressions Preview7. 继续做某事继续做某事8. 担心担心 9. 失业失业10. 非洲民族会议非洲民族会议11. 事实上事实上12. 使充气；爆炸使充气；爆炸13. 把把投入监狱投入监狱14. 与与平等的平等的continue to do sth.worry aboutout of workAfrican National Congressas a matter of factblow upput in prisonbe equal to 15. 当权当权; 上台上台16. 设立设立; 建立建立17. 被判决被判决18. 对对(于于) 很积极很积极19. 原则上原则上come to power set upbe sentenced to be active in (doing) sth.in principleELIAS STORYElias StoryElias: a poor black worker in South Africa. The text tells us how Elias met Nelson Mandela and how they helped each other. How many parts can the text be divided into? Give the general idea of each part. Part 2 (para 3-5)The change of Elias life after he met Nelson Mandela and what Mandela did.Part 1 (para 1-2)The life of Elias before he met Nelson Mandela.Fast readingtime events19401946194819521963The life of Eliashe was bornhe began schoolhe left school he met Nelson Mandelahe helped Mandela blow up some government buildings Paragraph 1:1. How old was Elias when he first met Mandela?2. What was Mandela at that time?3.What did Mandela do to help black people?He was twelve.He was a lawyer.He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems.Paragraph 2:1. When did Elias begin school?2. Why did Elias have to leave school?3. Why didnt Elias have a passbook?He began school at six.Because his family couldnt continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare.Because he wasnt born there.Paragraph 3:nHow did Mandela help Elias?Mandela told Elias how to get the correct papers so he could stay in Johannesburg.Paragraph 4:nWhat was the situation of black people at that time?They couldnt vote or choose their leaders. They couldnt get the jobs they wanted. They were sent to live in the poorest parts of South Africa.Paragraph 5:Because he wanted to realize their dream of making black and white people equal.nWhy did Elias support violence when he did not agree with it?1. Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble.2. Elias left school because the school was too far from his home.3. Nelson Mandela helped him keep his job.4. Elias met Nelson Mandela at school.TFTrue or FalseTrue or FalseTF5. Elias was unable to read or write because he was lazy.6. Nelson was a black lawyer.7. Nelson thought violence was a good way to help black people.8. Nelson believed that black people were being treated as well as white people in South Africa.FFFT9. Elias trusted Nelson Mandela and he joined the ANC Youth League.10. Elias was willing to blow up government buildings.11. Nelson Mandela thought violence was a good way to help black people.12. The government were happy with Nelson and the ANC.13. Totally, Elias was happy blowing up government buildings. TFFFF1. What disadvantages did Elias have in finding a job? He was a black person, poor education; no permit to live in Johannesburg.More intensive questions :2. According to the text, what was the situation for black people in South Africa?Black people had no _.They couldnt get _ they wanted.They were sent to the _ areas where _ could grow food.votejobspoorestno one3. Why did Elias visit Nelson Mandela?Because he needed legal help. He was not allowed to work without a passbook.4. What did Mandela do to help black people?Mandela helped black people by offering guidance to them on legal problem. 6. How did he support Mandela?He joined _.He helped Mandela _ some government buildings.the ANC Youth Leagueblow up5. Why did Elias support Nelson Mandela? Mandela told him _ the correct papers so that he could keep his job.how to getElias felt angry about the unfair situation black people faced. He tells us in the story that black people could not choose where to live, his job or his homeland outside the city.7. What was Elias attitude towards the unfair situation black people faced? How do you know?Nelson Mandela turned to violencebecause he felt there was no other way of changing this unfair situation.8. Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal?9. Is it fair to treat others badly for things they cannot change, like the color of skin or eyes or the race one belongs to? Give a reason. No, because there is nothing one can do to change or improve the situation.10. What do we call it when some people are badly treated because of their race and others not? Racialism.Keys to excises 4 on page 35. 1. Over the last thirty years, many laws have been passed. These laws have taken away our rights. They have stopped us from developing a better life. Now we have very few of these rights left.2. We were pushed into a very difficult situation where we had two choices. One is to give up our rights and accept all the unfair laws, the other is to fight against the government for our rights. We decided to fight against the laws. At first, we fought the law in a peaceful way, when this was not allowedwe had no choice but to use violence because the government were violent to us.1. Why did Elias have to leave school? A. He didnt have a passbook. B. His home was far from the school. C. His family couldnt afford the school fees. D. He couldnt read or write.CChoose the best answer.2. Nelson Mandela opened a black law firm in order to _. A. make money B. help the poor black people with their problems C. make himself famous D. study lawB3. How did Nelson Mandela help Elias keep his job? A. He talked with Elias boss. B. He helped him get the correct papers. C. He lent him some money. D. He asked him to go to court.B4. Why did Elias help Nelson Mandela blow up some government buildings? A. He liked violence. B. It was not dangerous. C. It was a way to make black and white people equal. D. He wanted to be famous.C5. What dream did Nelson Mandela have? A. To become the president of South Africa. B. To win the Nobel Peace Prize. C. To make black and white people equal. D. To blow up some government buildings.C6. What does the word “leave” mean in the 3rd line of Para 2? A. go away from a place B. give up; stop C. forget to take D. cause sb. to be in a certain conditionB7. How did the ANC Youth League fight against the government?A. They fought against the government in a peaceful way.B. They shoot the government officials.C. They decided to answer violence with violence.C Fill in the blanks with the correct words1. His lawyers hourly _ is 150 dollars.2. He has been _ for a year and now hes looking for a job.3. The worker looks stupid, but _, he is bright.guidance, fee, out of work, hopeful, as a matter of fact, equalfeeout of workas a matter of fact4. All people are _, so they should share the same rights as each other.5. I am _ that she will come tomorrow.6. He did the work with his teachers _.equalhopefulguidance1. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. 我第一次遇见纳尔逊曼德拉时我第一次遇见纳尔逊曼德拉时, 正是正是 我一生中非常困难的时期。我一生中非常困难的时期。 1)period 期间期间, 时期时期, 学校的一节课学校的一节课, 周期周期 Lets finish this period and have a break. a period of rotation 自转周期自转周期2) the time when when 引导定语从句引导定语从句This was a time when you had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.Do you still remember the time when we first met?the time 可用于引导时间状语从句可用于引导时间状语从句, 这时一般不加这时一般不加when。I recognized him the time I saw him.2. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. advice n. advise v. a piece of advice 一条建议一条建议 give sb. advice on关于关于给某人建议给某人建议 1) advise sb. on sth. 就就给某人出主意给某人出主意; 在在上给某人主意上给某人主意 I have advised you on that subject.2) advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人干建议某人干 Our monitor advises me to practice more spoken English.3) advise that +(should) do I advise that you (should) not eat fruit that isnt ripe（成熟的）（成熟的）.Eg. 我建议你早点睡觉我建议你早点睡觉 (go to bed earlier/early)。3. and I worried about whether I would become out of work. 1) worry vi. 担心担心, 忧虑忧虑 be worried about=worry about /over She worries about her health. = She is worried about her health. be concerned aboutnworry that He worried that he would fail the exam. 他担心考试不及格。他担心考试不及格。It worries me that she spends so much time playing computer games.她花费这么多时间打游戏使我担心。她花费这么多时间打游戏使我担心。 不要发愁。不要发愁。Dont worry yourself.worry vt. 使使担心担心/烦恼烦恼/焦急焦急worry sb. that 使某人担心使某人担心worry sb/oneself 使某人使某人/自己担心自己担心Whats worrying you ?Im worried _ her driving the car tonight on the wet road. A. of B. about C. on D. atHis dangerous driving always _ me. A. worry about B. worries about C. worried about D. worriesBD2) out of work 失业失业 (做表语或后置定语做表语或后置定语) lose (ones) jobJim has been out of work for months.The number of people out of work reached 300.in work 有工作有工作 Is her husband in work? 4. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 过去三十年里出现了大量的法律来剥夺过去三十年里出现了大量的法律来剥夺 我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，直到今我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，直到今 天我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。天我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。 see 在此句意为在此句意为“见证，目睹见证，目睹”; (在某在某段时期段时期)发生发生(某情况某情况), 经历经历, 经受经受; 为某为某事发生之时事发生之时, 主语为时间。主语为时间。 The last few months has seen more and more traffic accidents. 5. vote (1) n. 投票投票, 选票选票I gave my vote to Mr. Wang. 我投王先生的票。我投王先生的票。The matter will be decided by vote. 此事将投票决定。此事将投票决定。(2) v. 投票投票; 选举选举 vote for sb/sth 投票支持投票支持 vote against sb./sth 投票反对投票反对 vote on sb./sth 针对针对进行投票表决进行投票表决As we cant agree on this matter, lets vote on it.由于我们对此事没能达成一致，让我们投票由于我们对此事没能达成一致，让我们投票表决吧。表决吧。 6. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people 他们在城里的住宅区都是由白人决定的。他们在城里的住宅区都是由白人决定的。7. We were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. 我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受 低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。 1) in which引导定语从句，相当于引导定语从句，相当于where， 如：如： After three hours ride, we came to the house in which he was born. 乘车乘车3个小时后我们来到了他出生的那所房子。个小时后我们来到了他出生的那所房子。 Think of a place to which we can go for dinner. 想一个我们可以去吃饭的地方。想一个我们可以去吃饭的地方。2) accept “接受接受”，指的是主观上接受了。，指的是主观上接受了。 receive “收到收到”，指客观收到但不一定接受。，指客观收到但不一定接受。我接受了他的邀请去参加晚会。我接受了他的邀请去参加晚会。I accepted his invitation to the party我收到了他的邀请，但我没有接受。我收到了他的邀请，但我没有接受。I received his invitation, but I didnt accept.3) either. or.(两者之中两者之中)或或(之一之一)I want to visit either Paris or London.Either you or I am wrong. Either of the boys likes singing. Either boy likes singing.8. attack n./v. make an attack on/against/upon 攻击攻击 /袭击袭击/ 抨击抨击 under attack 遭到袭击遭到袭击 / 抨击抨击a heart attack 心脏病突发心脏病突发He made an attack on the governments actions.The governments actions were under attack.The death of the actor is due to a heart attack.The enemy attacked us at night.9. only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 只是在那时我们才决定以暴力对付暴力。只是在那时我们才决定以暴力对付暴力。 only then 此处引起倒装句此处引起倒装句, 当当only修饰修饰状语状语 位于位于句首句首时时, 句子采用部分倒装的结构。句子采用部分倒装的结构。 Only by practicing a few hours every day will you be able to master English. You can leave only when he comes. = _ _ he comes _ you leave. Only when can只有在那时候只有在那时候, 我才知道自己错了。我才知道自己错了。Only then did I realize that I was wrong只有用这种办法你才能解决这个问题。只有用这种办法你才能解决这个问题。Only in this way can you solve the problem.只有当他回来时我们才能知道秘密。只有当他回来时我们才能知道秘密。Only when he came back did we know the secret注意注意1: 主句倒装从句不倒装。主句倒装从句不倒装。注意注意2: Only主语在句首时主语在句首时, 不用倒装不用倒装 Only he knows the answer.注意注意: 如果如果only所强调的为状语从句所强调的为状语从句, 该状语从句不倒装该状语从句不倒装, 只对主句进行倒装。只对主句进行倒装。e.g. Only then did I realize the important of English.Only when a child grows up does he understand his parents intentions.Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.即学即练即学即练1) Only when I left my parents for Italy _ how much I loved them. (08重庆重庆) A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize 2) _ you eat the correct foods _ be able to keep fit and stay healthy. (08江苏江苏)A. only if; will you B. Only if; you will C. Unless; will you D. Unless; you will DA3) Only then _ how much damage had been caused. (2006陕西陕西) A. she realized B. she had realized C. had she realized D. did she realizeD 10. As a matter of fact, I do not like violencebut in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings. 事实上我不喜欢暴力事实上我不喜欢暴力但在但在1963年年 我帮他炸了一些政府大楼。我帮他炸了一些政府大楼。 1) as a matter of fact = in fact As a matter of fact, I dont know the truth.No I dont work. _, Ive never had a job.-Have you always lived here?-_(= The truth is) Ive only lived here for the last three years.In factAs a matter of fact2) blow (sb. / sth.) up (destroy) 使充气使充气, 爆炸爆炸, 炸毁炸毁They threatened to _ the plane if their demands were not met.He drove over a landmine and his jeep_.blow upblown up11. But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.但是但是, 我乐于帮忙我乐于帮忙, 因为我知道因为我知道, 这是为了这是为了帮助实现我们的黑人和白人平等的梦想。帮助实现我们的黑人和白人平等的梦想。equal adj. 相等的相等的; 平等的平等的equally adv. Everyone is equal under the law.法律面前人人平等。法律面前人人平等。be equal to 等于等于, 相当于；能胜任相当于；能胜任One li is equal to half a kilometre.一华里等于半公里。一华里等于半公里。Im not equal to the job.Women demand e_ pay for equal work.All men are born e_.Im not e_ to the position.(=Im not fit for the position.)qualqualqual12. in trouble 有麻烦有麻烦, 处于不幸中处于不幸中He is willing to help me whenever I am in trouble.out of trouble/ have trouble (in) doing sth. have difficulty (in) doing sthlose heart 灰心灰心, 丧失信心丧失信心Please dont lose heart, you still have more chances.lose ones heart 爱上爱上, 喜欢上喜欢上He lost his heart to her as soon as he saw the girl.Whenever we are in _ , we must never lose _ , but try to think of the way out.A. the trouble; our heart B. troubles; hearts C. trouble; heart D. trouble; our heartmake trouble 制造麻烦制造麻烦put sb. to trouble 给某人添麻烦给某人添麻烦have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难做某事有困难C 13. willing adj 乐意的乐意的, 自愿的自愿的 willingly adv will n 意志意志, 意志力意志力, 意愿意愿be willing to do sth 愿意做某事愿意做某事be willing that sb (should ) do sth 乐意让某人做某事乐意让某人做某事Im very willing to vote for the plan.He is willing that his little son should join the army.14. turn to 求助于求助于, 致力于致力于 You can turn to the peoples police for help, no matter what kind of trouble you are in.I have turned to all the well-known reference books for help, but so far without success.
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