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教师备课手册教学目标教学内容Unit 1 Friendship个性化学习问题解决 掌握单词和词组教学重点、难点正确使用直接引语和间接引语的转换教学过程单词心烦意乱的 平静，镇定 担忧，涉及 松的 荷兰 德国 连续，系列 在户外 迷住，迷惑 黄昏，傍晚 打雷，雷鸣 整个的，完整的 能力，力量 窗帘，门帘 积满灰尘的 伙伴，合伙 安家，定居 遭受，忍受公路 痊愈，恢复 捆扎，包装手提箱 大衣，外套 十几岁的青少年 确实如此 不同意 感激的不喜欢，厌恶 提示，技巧 交换项目，条款重点短语Add up 合计Calm.down （使）平静下来，（使）镇定下来Have got to 不得不，必须Be concerned about 关心，挂念Go through 经历，经受Set down 记下，放下，登记A series of 一连串的，一系列On purpose 故意In order to 为了At dusk 在黄昏时刻Face to face 面对面On longer/notany longer 不再Suffer from 遭受，患病Get/be tired of 对厌烦Pack （sth）up 将（东西）装箱打包Get along with 与.相处，进展Fall in love 相爱，爱上2 / 47Join in 参加，加入语法：Part 1. Do the following survey.Survey n&v(1) n. 概述，评述。Make a general survey of sth. 纵观某事物。Im not good at making a general survey of matters.(2) n. 民意调查，民意测验。 Make a survey of sth. 调查某事物The reporter made a survey of river pollution.(3) vt. 查看，审视，眺望（风景等）。The next morning we surveyed the damage caused by the fire.例1：CCTV_public opinion about the poisonous milk powder.A. made a list of B. made a record of C. made a survey of D. made fun of 2. Add up your score and see how many points you get.Add up 合计，加起来 “把A加起来”表示为“add up A”或“add A up”，若A为代词，则放在中间。Add up all the money I borrowed from you.If we add these marks up, well get a total of 90.He set down the weights of all the stones and then added them up.(1) add vt.增加，添，补充Do you want to add your name to the list?I have nothing to add to my earlier statement.(2) Add vt. 加If you add 5 and 5 together, you get 10.短语拓展：Add to 增添Addto. 把加到.中Add up to 总计，加起来结果是 point n.点，论点，要点，观点，小数点，问题点，地点，特点，意义，得分 v指示，指着，对着，削尖短语拓展：Point at/to sb/sth 指着某人或某物Point sth at/toward sb/sth 以某物瞄准某人/某物Point out 指出Be on the point of doing sth 正要做某事There is no point (in) doing没有必要/意义做To the point 中肯的Off the point 离题的Point of view 观点，着眼点例2: On Christmas Eve, we put up some balloons to_ the festival atmosphere.A. make for B. add up C. add to D. join in例3: I was _ the point of hanging up the receiver when he answered it.A. in B. about C. at D. on3., but your friend cant go until he/she finishes cleaning his/her bicycle.此处的until引导的是时间状语从句。Until 引导从句时，主句的谓语动词是延续性的，若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，则主句要用否定式。You can wait here until help comes.You cant leave until I come back.知识拓展：(1) until 也可以用作介词，用法和用作连词时相似：当谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定形式；当谓语动词是非延续性动词时，用否定形式。You can wait here until 12 oclock.You cant leave until 12 oclock.(2) until 常用于It is/was not untilthat和not until(该句式中的主句用倒装结构)句式中。It was not until he came that we knew the truth.=Not until he came did we know the truth.例4: Not until he left his home_ to know how important the family was for him.A. did he begin B. had he began C. he began D. he had began4you had to pay to get it repaired.Get在句中为使役动词，后接符合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语），repaired是过去分词，作宾语补足语。做宾语补足语，做宾语补足语的可以是不定式、动词ing形式或过去分词等，即get sb/sth to do(其中sb/sth为to do 的逻辑主语)，get sb/sth doing sth（其中sb/sth为doing的逻辑主语），get sb/sth done（其中done与sb/sth 为逻辑上的动宾关系）。You should get Tom to help you.Ill try to get the machine working.You should get your hair cut.知识拓展：Make,let,have 也是高中阶段常见的使役动词，与get的用法有相同之处，也有不同之处，现总结如下：(1) make sb/sth do sth =get sb/sth to do sth =have sb/sth do sth=let sb/sth do sth使某人/某物做某事You should make Tom help you.=You should get Tom to help you.=You should let/have Tom help you.(2) make sb/sth done =get sb/sth done= let sb/sth done=have sb/sth done 使某人/某物被做。Yesterday I made my car repaired.=Yesterday I had my car repaired.=Yesterday I got my car repaired.=Yesterday I let my car repaired.(3) have sb/sth doing sth. 使某人/某物一直做某事I had him working all morning.例5.Alexander tried to get his work _ in the medical circles.A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized5.Your friend comes to school very upset. Upset在此处为形容词，做伴随状语，用来补充说明主语your friend来学校时的心情，其具体用法如下：（1）vt.&vi. 使不安，使心烦Im sorry. I dont mean to upset you.Her friends sudden death upset her very much.Upset作动词时，主语时令他人不安的因素。The bad news upset him.(3) adj. 心烦意乱的，不安的，不适的，在句中做表语、定语和状语。She is really feeling upset about losing of money.短语拓展Be upset about/over/at对感到心烦意乱/不愉快的Upset sth 打翻/弄翻某物，打乱/扰乱（计划/安排等）Upset sb 使某人不安/心烦/不高兴Upset the balance of trade 打破贸易平衡例6. The hurricane came unexpectedly, which_ our plan.A. damaged B. upset C. harmed D. gave up 6.You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quite to calm your friend down.ignore的用法（1）vt.不理睬，忽视Some drivers simply ignore speed limits.(3) vt. 忽略（不计）The policeman ignored personal danger to save a little girl.Ignorant adj.无知的，不知的 ignorance n.无知的，愚昧的短语拓展Ignore sb/sth 忽略某人/某物Be ignorant of sb/sth 忽视某人/某物 calm的用法（1）vt&vi. 使平静，（使）镇定Charlie tried to calm the frightened children.The crying child soon calmed down.(2) adj. 平静的，镇静的，沉着的Keep calm, and try not to be panic.She tried to keep calm about it.短语拓展：calm.down 使平静下来，(使)镇定下来When she heard the news, she was so excited that nothing could calm her down.辨析：calm, quiet, still, silentCalm: 用于人时，指内心平静，用于自然界时，形容风和日丽的天气或风平浪静的海洋。Quiet：用于人时，指生性安静的；用于自然界时，指没有烦扰、喧闹或骚动，侧重于相对的平静。Still：表示暂时不动、静止，强调不发生动作。Silent:沉默的，主要指不说话或不喧闹，强调无声但可以有无声的动作。When facing danger, one should keep calm, when taken photos, one should keep still, when someone else is asleep, one should keep quiet , in class, one shouldnt keep silent about the teachers questions.例7.用ignore 的适当形式填空（1） He _ the doctors advice and goes on smoking.（2） I was _ of the fact that the boss could be so strict.例8. 用silent, quiet, still, calm 等填空（1） The old man stood quite _,except that this lips moved slightly.（2） One man shouted at the boy, “ Be_, boy! Whats the matter with you?”（3） He is _about the accident.（4） He remained _ in the fact of the cruel enemy.7. You will tell your friend that you are concerned about him/her and you will meet after class and talk then. concerned adj.担心的，忧虑的 be concerned about/for sth 关心某事，挂念某事The President is deeply concerned about this issue.(1) concern vt. 使担忧，涉及，关系到The fact that she spends so much money on her own really concerns me.(2) n. 担心，关注，厉害关系Their main concern is that they are not receiving enough money.短语拓展Show/feel concern for/about 对.表现出担心/关心.As far asbe concerned 就而言例9.根据汉语提示完成句子（1） The meeting was_(与有关)reforms and everyone present was_(关心) their own interests.（2） He was _(挂念) his parents when he went abroad.（3） This arrangement is quite satisfactory _(就我来说).8. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.此句中while walking the dog 相当于while (you were) walking the dog,当时间或条件状语从句的主语同主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，从句可使用“when/while+doing/done”的省略式。While working, he stopped to talk with me at times.He will not go to the party unless invited.Though (he is) young, he knows a lot.当时间或条件状语从句的主语时it 时，也常常将it和be省略。If(it is) possible, Ill go to see my grandparents this weekends.例10. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if _regularly, can improve our health.A. being carried out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out9. Your friend, who doesnt work hard, asks you to help him/her cheat in the exam by looking at your paper. cheat的用法(1) n, 欺骗，骗子The sheets Ive bought are a cheat.(2)vt&vi 欺骗，作弊You never cheat in the examinations, do you?The shopkeeper cheats his customers.知识拓展Cheat sb into doing sth 欺骗某人做某事Cheat sb (out) of sth欺骗某人某物Cheat sb into the belief that 骗某人相信Cheat in the exam 考试作弊例11.翻译句子（1） 老妇人那么诚实，以至于骗子很容易就骗走了她的金戒子。（2） 你不认为考试作弊是错误的吗？10. You will tell him/her that he/she should have studied, so you dont let him/her look at your paper.Should have done sth 表示“本应该做某事却没有做”You should have arrived early.辨析：Should do: 表示现在或将来应该做，do 表示的动作还没有发生。Should have done: 表示本该做而没有做。You should have finished the work yesterday. Now you should finish it as soon as possible.例12. I _ have watched that movieitll give me horrible dreams.A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt11. Make a list of reasons why friends are important to you. list 的用法：(1) list n. 表，一览表，目录短语拓展：Make a list (of) 列表Take off the list 从表上去掉A price list 价目表A reading list 阅读书目A shopping list 购物单Stand first on the list 居首位，名列前茅As she has a poor memory, she usually makes a list of things before going shopping.(2)list v. 把编成列表，列举短语拓展List a few reasons 列举几条理由As listed above 如上所列 reason n.理由，原因短语拓展For a/an reason 因为的原因The reason for 的理由，的原因The cause of sth 某事的起因The excuse for sth 某事的托词/借口You must tell him the reason why/that you wont accept his offer.The season why most Chinese have healthy white teeth is that they eat a healthy diet.例13. Please_ on this piece of paper all the things you want me to buy.A. make B. take C. list D. think例14. She would like to know the reason_ fewer and fewer students are showing interest in her lessons.A. for B. why C. for that D. which12.Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through?Go through 经历，经受This country has gone through many wars.Go through 浏览I always start my day by going through my e-mail.短语拓展Go against 违背Go away 走开Go back 回到，回忆起Go by 过去，逝去Go down 平静，下降，下沉，下去Go off 离开，爆炸Go out 熄灭，出去Go over 复习，检查例15.Do you want a lift home?Its very kind of you, but I have to work late in the office. I overslept this morning because my alarm clock_.A. doesnt go off B. wont go off C. wasnt going off D. didnt go off13.She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.before的用法(1)强调从句动作发生在主句之前，意为“不等.就.”She was angry before I could explain to her.He asked a second question before I could answer the first question.(2)”It+be+时间段+before从句”意为“.之后才”It will be five years before we meet again.(3)“It+be+not+long+before从句”意为“.不久就”It was not long before he told me about it.例16. You cant borrow books from the school library_ you get your student card.A. before B. if C. while B. as14.She said,”I dont want to set down a series of facts in a dairy as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty. set down 记下，写下，放下I set down everything that happened then.Please set me down at the next corner.He entered the house, set down his heavy bag and asked for some water to drink.短语拓展Set about (doing) sth 着手做某事Set back 使退后/延迟，拨慢（钟表）Set forward 提出，拨快（钟表），促进Set off 动身，出发，引爆Set out 出发，着手于Set up 竖起，创设，开办 series n.连续，系列，一般与介词of连用，说明一件事物中的“系列，续.,一连串“短语拓展A series of 一系列的，一连串的In series 连续的There will be a series of football games next month.He has read a series of articles about pollution.There is a television series on this channel every night.Series 的单复数同形，作主语时谓语动词根据series单复数概念而定， 不根据of 后的名词而定。A series of lectures is scheduled.Two series of new stamps have come out.例17.She_the vase on the table and went out.A. set out B. set up C. set down D. set on例18. This publishing firm is planning_ school textbooks.A. a series new of B. new a series of C. of a series new D. a new series of 15. I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.此句中wonder后接if引导的宾语从句，because 引导的从句是宾语从句的原因状语从句，而且被放在强调句型中进行强调；to do with nature是不定式做everything的定语，意为“与大自然有关的”。在宾语从句中的Its that.是一个强调句，强调because 引导的原因状语从句。在“It is/was+because 从句+that”中because不能换用since 或as.It was because she was ill that she didnt come to school yesterday.强调句型it is/wasthat.可对句中的主语、宾语、表语、状语等进行强调，若强调的主语是人，后面的that 也可换为who/whom.It is he who is going to speak at the school meeting.It was in the street that I met my old friend yesterday.(1) 强调句型it is/was that.中，用is还是was 由后面的句子时态来确定。(2) 除强调部分是人作主语或宾语时可用who/whom之外，一律用that。(3) 强调句型的一般疑问句形式为：Is/Was it. That/who/whom?(4) 强调句型的特殊疑问句形式为：特殊疑问词+is/was,it that?(5) 判断一个句子是不是强调句型的方法：把句中的it is/was和that/who/whom去掉，看句子结构是否仍然完整，若完整就是，若不完整就不是。It is 8 oclock when I leave for school.(when引导的时间状语从句)It is at 8 oclock that I leave for school.（强调句式） crazy adj.疯狂的，狂热的，既可作定语，也可以作表语。Are you crazy?(1) It is crazy of sb to do sth.相当于sb be crazy to do sth. 意为“某人做某事真是疯了”It is crazy of you to buy an old house at such a high price.(2) like crazy 拼命地，疯狂地，在句中作状语We worked like crazy to get it done on time. nature n.自然界，大自然，自然，天性Wolves and sheep have quite different natures.短语拓展Against nature 违背自然By nature 生性，天性In the nature of 属的性质Nature 表示“自然”时，前面不加任何冠词，但表示“属性，性质”时，前面加必须加冠词。例19. Johns success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work_ has made him what he is today.A. why B. when C. which D. that例20.The girl is _ about dancing.A. crazy B. fond C. interested D. devoted16.I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.该句中that 引导的是一个宾语从句，在该句中，又有一个when 引导的定语从句，先行词为a time. well的用法(1) adj.健康的，身体好的I feel well today.(2)adv. 好，满意，非常Do well in sth.或get along/on well with sth.均表示“某事进展顺利”I hope everything is going well with you.(3) n.井The villagers get their water from a well.在“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可以是现在分词、过去分词、形容词或副词，也可以是介词短语等。Im sorry to have kept you waiting so long.Dont open the door. Keep it closed.The boss kept them in the classroom after school.例21.How are you today?Im feeling much_, but my doctor says Ill still have to stay in bed for another few days.A. best B. good C. better D. well例22. The lady walked around the shops,_ an eye out for bargains.A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to kept17. .,I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself. on purpose 故意的，与purposely 同义。反义词组为 by accident/ by chance。“故意做某事”do sth on purposeHe came here on purpose to tell the truth.For/with the purpose of 为了/带着的目的A meeting was called for the purpose of making a decision. in order to 为了，其后接动词原形，其否定式为in order not to, 在句中作目的状语。In order to catch up with others, you should worker harder.(1) 动词不定式to do和so as to do在句中也作目的状语，其中so as to do 不用在句首。(2) So that 和in order that 引导的目的状语从句，从句中的谓语动词一般用“could/may/might+动词原形”。They started early so that/in order that they might arrive on time.例23.Have you seen my notebook?Oh, Jane must have taken it_ ; she has the same one as yours.A. on purpose B. by chance C. by accident D. by mistake例24. All these gifts must be mailed immediately _ in time.A. in order to have received B. in order to receive C. so as to be received D. so as to be receiving18. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didnt dare open a window. far too much 太多的,far 修饰too much ，后接不可数名词。Theres far too much snow on the ground.(1) too many 太多的，修饰可数名词复数there are too many people in the hall.(2) too much 除了作形容词短语修饰不可数名词外，还可以用作代词，代替不可数名词作主语，表语等。Would you like another cup of tea?Thank you, Ive had too much.Too much has been said.(3) much too太.,修饰形容词或副词的原级。She is much too excited. dare 的用法(1) dare用作实义动词时，意为“敢于”，后面接带to的不定式，有人称、数及时态的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面的to 一般不省略，在否定句和疑问句中，dare后面的to可以省略。He doesnt dare (to) go out at night.Do you dare (to) swim across this river?I dare to go out at night.(2) dare 作情态动词时，一般用在否定句、疑问句或条件句中，后面接不带to 的不定式，其过去分词为dared.He dared not go near the dog.例25. Its high time you had your hair cut; its getting_.A. too much long B. much too long C. long to much D. too long much例26. I_ the cellphone in school, because it will be taken away from me.A darent to use B. dont dare to use C. dont dare use D. dare to not use19. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when window was open.happen 碰巧。Happen to do sth表示“（某人）碰巧或恰好做某事”。She happened to find an empty seat at the back of the bus.Someone in the ticket office happened to notice her.happen 作“碰巧，刚好，恰好”解时，还常用于It (so) happens that句型中It so happened that theyd been invited, too.It happened that he found this new island when traveling in the sea.例27.I was out of town at the time, so I dont know how exactly how it_.A. was happening B. happened C. happen D. has happened20.The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face power n.能力，力量，权力This country extends its power and influence in to neighboring countries.Powerful adj.强有力的，强大的 powerless adj. 无力量的，软弱的 powerfully adv.强大的短语拓展Have the power to do sth. 有权做某事Brain power 智力Power station发电站Come into power 掌权（动作）Be in power 掌权（状态） it/this that is/was +the +序数词+time that这是/那是第次。从句中的时态需用完成时。如果系动词是is,则用现在完成时，如果是was,则用过去完成时。It is the last cigarette (that) I have smoked today.This is the second time that you have been late this week.That was the third time I had been to Germany.(1) Its time that sb did/should do sth. 某人该做某事了。Its time that we had/should have lunch.(2) Its time for sb to do sth.是某人该做某事的时候了。Its time for us to have lunch.(3) the first time第一次，用作连词，后接时间状语从句。The first time I went to Beijing, I visited the Great Wall.(4) for the first time第一次，用作介词短语，可单独使用。At the beginning of the term, we met for the first time. face to face 面对面地，相当于副词，在句中作状语，而face-to-face是复合形容词，在句中作定语。I want to talk to you face to face.= I want to have a face-to-face talk with you.短语拓展Side by side 肩并肩地Hand in hand 手挽手地Mouth to mouth 口对口地Heart to heart 坦诚地Shoulder to shoulder肩并肩地Back to back 背对背地Arm in arm 臂挽臂地One by one 一个一个地Step by step 逐步地例 28.根据汉语提示完成句子Hitler _(掌权)in Germany in 1993.例29. This is the first time we _ a film in the cinema together as a family.A. see B. had seen C. saw D. have seen21.They had to hide because Jews were caught by Nazis and killed. hide vi.隐藏，躲藏。 Hide away 躲藏，隐匿，隐藏The thief hid away in a friends house for several weeks after the robbery.Why do you hide your thoughts away from me?Hide oneself 表示动作，be hidden 表示状态She was hidden behind the curtain.例30. As little Tom didnt want his sister to share his chocolate he _ somewhere in his room.A. put it away B. sent it away C. hid it away D. hid away it.Part 1.staying close to and looking at somebody. close adv. 靠近，接近They sat close together.辨析：close, sloselyClose用作动词，是指“关”，用作形容词是指“接近的，亲近的，亲密的”;用作副词，是指位置、距离上的“靠近”。Closely 是指动作以什么样的方式进行，意为“紧密地，仔细地，密切地”Dont stand too close to the lion, though you want to watch it closely.例1.Is it safe enough to stand here?-No, come a bit_ to me, honey.A. close B. closely C. closer D. more closely2. She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place, because she was concerned about whether they would be discovered. found it difficult to settle.中的it作形式宾语，difficult是宾语补足语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语to settle。此时用作宾语的不定式短语如果有自己的补足语，就用it代替，而把不定式短语放在宾语补足语的后面去。这个句型的构成是：主语+动词+it+作宾语补足语的形容词或名词等+动词不定式短语，常用这个句型中的动词有find, feel, think, consider, make等。I found it quite pleasant to work with him.He feels it his duty to help others. settle v
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