六章挡土墙上的土压力

支撑建筑物周围填土的挡土墙E地下室侧墙EE桥台储藏粒状材料挡墙EEEEEEaEpE0犹如半空间弹性变形体在自重作用下无侧向变形的侧向压力zkx00sin10khk00EzZzkX002021khE0.01-0.5h0.001-0.005hEa Eo Ep)245tan(2)245(tan)245tan(2)245(tan213231oooocc)245(tan)245(tan213231oo 大主应力1 zz 小主应力3 x 主动土压力强度a x)245tan(2)245(tan2ooaczaaaKczK2)245(tan2oaKaazKaaaKczK2aaKczK2临界深度z0 aaaKczKcKz20200222221cKcHKHEaaaEa作用点位于墙底以上（H - z0)/3处aE无粘性土主动土压力无粘性土主动土压力 ?大主应力1 x 小主应力3 zz被动土压力强度p x)245tan(2)245(tan2ooPczPPPKczK2)245(tan2oPKppzKPPPKczK2pEpppKcHKHE2212无粘性土被动土压力无粘性土被动土压力 ?ppKHE221qhaaaaqKKhaaabKhqKhh)()(粘性土粘性土 ?2111/hh 1102aaKc1111112aaaKcKh222112222112122aaaaaKcKhKcKh22222112222211222)(2)(aaaaaKcKhhKcKhh2111/hh 111,c222,c333,c1h2h3h123oh11111,2aaoaKcKz112aKc245121oatgK1111121aaKcKha上111,c222,c333,c1h2h3h123oh2221121 ,aaKcKza下245222oatgK22222112)(2aaKcKhha上33333221132)(aaaKcKhhh33322112)(2aaKcKhha下111,c222,c333,c1h2h3h123oh245323oatgK水土合算水土合算 粘性土粘性土 水土分算水土分算 无粘性土无粘性土Charles Augustin de Coulomb (1736 - 1806)22)sin(cos)cos()cos(2)(180sin)sin(220HWWE)sin()sin(cos)sin()cos()cos(222HE主动土压力强度分布主动土压力强度分布 作用点在离墙底H/3处，方向与墙背法线的夹角为 。左图中所示的土压力分布只表示其大小，而不代表其作用方向。222)cos()cos()sin()sin(1)cos(cos)(cosaKaaKHE221 = 0 = 0 = 0 Ea=?aaaazKKzdzddzdE221222)cos()cos()sin()sin(1)cos(cos)(cospKppKHE221被动土压力强度分布被动土压力强度分布 ppppzKKzdzddzdE221