房地产项目公司收购要点及尽职调查清单

Manipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid development in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed great use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get peoples attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic controller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic control technology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and successful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, and programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-speed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didnt opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulator in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial evaluation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can detect the external environment, but can still successfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of sense, when the mechanical arm is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begand房地产项目公司收购要点一、房地产收购的种类房地产项目收购包括：在建工程转让和项目公司收购两种1、在建工程转让又叫转让资产（烂尾楼的收购）2、项目公司收购又叫股权转让二、项目公司股权收购步骤：1、项目收购意向书2、项目尽职调查3、洽谈正式合同4、交接三、意向书意向书包括：1、意向股权数量；2、对价金额；3、意向金（一般锁定1000万-5000万共管一个月）四、项目尽职调查包括：1、项目公司主体调查；2、项目公司财务审计；3、所收购项目的主体调查1、项目公司主体调查（1）营业执照（包括正副本是否过期）；（2）各种开发资质（3）税务登记（4）企业组织代码（5）贷款卡（6）所有股东的存在和变更情况（7）股东章程的变化情况（8）历次股东会议的会议纪要（9）历次董事会的会议纪要2、项目公司的财务审计（1）对项目公司的资产负债表、损益表和现金流量表进行审计（目的是主要审查项目的资产和负债情况；税务情况和债务情况）（2）项目公司需提供原始凭证和账册（3）项目公司的往来账款情况（目的主要是考察项目的采取是否干净）（4）项目公司财务的现金流调查（目的主要是防止项目公司利用财务手段清理债权债务）（5）审计项目公司的资金到位和使用情况（6）审计项目公司的纳税情况、债务情况以及项目公司的银行账户3、所收购项目的主体调查（1）项目的所有权证和批文，包括项目的国有土地使用证以及土地转让合同和土地出让金缴纳发票；项目的建设用地规划许可证或规划意见书；项目的建筑工程规划许可；开工证等。（2）项目所在地的规划情况（包括控制性规划和详细性规划）（3）项目的可行性批复（4）项目的规范性调查（5）项目的以前的经济活动的调查五、洽谈正式合同六、交接和变更1、公司证件的交接2、公司所有印章的交接3、公司所有材料的交接4、项目场地的交接七、股权收购的难点1、溢价的处理方式2、或有负债的保证溢价的处理方式主要是股权+承担负债或有负债保证主要防止项目公司的对外担保、对外的合同和对外经济活动的风险房地产项目收购尽职调查清单项目收购一般分为二类，一类是房地产项目公司的股权收购，一类是房地产项目在建工程转让或现房转让。一、涉及公司类的文件1、公司营业执照正副本2、公司房地产开发资质证书3、公司章程4、公司历次股东会、董事会决议5、公司的税务登记证6、公司组织机构代码证7、公司的银行开户证明和贷款卡8、公司从成立至现在的股东变更情况和注册资本法人代表变更的情况9、公司历次的注册和增资的验资报告通过对公司类文件的尽职调查主要是了解公司法人的现状及历史沿革。二、设计开发项目类文件1、“一书二证”建设用地批准书，建设用地规划许可证，建设工程规划许可证2、国有土地使用权证3、国有土地出让合同及动拆迁补偿合同4、发改委立项文件或可行性方案批复5、施工许可证6、预售许可证7、大产权证或小产权证8、规划审核意见书或规划部门对方案的批复9、项目扩初的批复10、项目各类市政配套部门的征询意见11、项目的方案文本、扩初文本或施工图12、项目的地质勘探报告13、项目的各类验收报告14、项目面积测绘资料收购项目的报批报建或施工到不同的阶段需提供以上的不同文件，由浅到深到细。通过以上文件的尽职调查主要是了解：1、项目土地取得的来源及合法性，土地使用的时间和原始土地价格的多少，并结合财务调查了解土地款项的支付情况2、项目规划主管部门审批的用途及各类经济技术指标3、依收购项目进展到不同的阶段了解所需的相关政府职能部门审批的文件和手续是否完整，是否合法4、如项目工程已实际开工，应了解项目工程的图纸、开工审批手续及政府质检部门阶段的验收报告和工程档案必须的文件图纸，以确保今后竣工验收的合规性。三、涉及财务类的资料1、涉税文件：发票深绿采购的文件和税收优惠、财务奖励类的文件；2、公司历年的报表及审计报告；3、公司的所有账本，包括：总账、明细账、现金日记账、成本台账等；4、银行及非金融机构贷款的明细；5、对外担保的明细；6、开户银行的明细；通过财务类文件的尽职调查主要有以下几个方面的作用：1、了解注册资本和历次增资的情况，检查注册资金的到位情况；2、了解企业的资金流向，重点检查往来款、应收应付款的情况；3、了解各类合同款项的支付情况，预测和计算履行合同还应支付的款项；4、详细检查进入成本或存货类科目的发票的合法性、合规性，避免税务的风险；5、检查企业涉税事项：税金是否依法足额缴纳，是否存在税务风险。印花税的缴纳情况等；6、检查财务科目设置和账目是否齐全、合规、合法；7、确保财务反应成本是否合规合法，以免引起今后收购以后增加我司的土地增值税和所得税的负担。四、公司的经济合同履行情况公司签订的所有合同，并重点检查一下合同：1、土地出让合同、动拆迁补偿合同等涉及取得土地使用权签订的相关合同；2、勘探、设计、监理、施工合同等设计项目工程建设的合同；3、贷款合同及担保合同；4、以上合同的履行情况，包括：合同金额，合同的变更情况，已付款、未付款、应付款的情况，合同履行的进度情况，如：设计、工程等的进度情况。此类尽职调查主要作用是，了解企业成立至今的经济活动，各类合同的金额及履行情况，判断可能产生的债权、债务，或有负债、隐性负债，及合同履行中可能存在法律风险和经济责任。specifies a method of screening method for the determination of fineness of starch this standard applies to dried into a powder of refined starch. 1, definitions and principles of fineness of starch: starch samples sample screening samples obtained by dividing the weight of the sieve. To sample by dividing the weight of the sieve the sample weight expressed as a percentage of the original weight. Principle: the samples with a sample screen screening, get the sample by dividing the weight of the sieve. 2, instruments and scales: the precision of 0.1g. Sample screen: screen number 100. Step 3, analysis sample preparation: samples should be fully mixed. Sample volume: mix weighing the sample 50g, accurate to 0.1g, evenly pour the sample sieve. Screening: shake the sample sieve evenly, until the screen down so far. Carefully pour out the sample sieve residue on weighing, accurate to 0.1g. Determination of the number: measured on the same sample twice. 4, the results of the calculation method applied to sample by sample sieve weight expressed as a percentage of the original weight of the sample, as in the formula: x-sample size,%; MO-the original weight of the sample, g; Sift the ML-sample weight of residue on the sieve, g. Such as poor meets the requirements, take the arithmetic mean of the second determination as a result. Results one decimal. 6.2 allowing differential analyst simultaneously or in quick succession for the second determination, the absolute valuemanipulator control mode and programmable controllers introduction 2.1 Select discussion with manipulator control 2.1.1 classification of control relays and discrete electronic circuit can control old industrial equipment, but also more common. Mainly these two relatively cheap and you can meet the old-fashioned, simple (or simple) industrial equipment. So he can see them now, however these two control modes (relay and discrete electronic circuits) are these fatal flaws: (1) cannot adapt to the complex logic control, (2) only for the current project, the lack of compatibility and (3) not reforming the system with equipment improvements. Spring for the development of Chinas modern industrial automation technology the substantial increase in the level of industrial automation, completed the perfect relay of the computer too much. In terms of controlling the computer showed his two great advantages: (1) each of the hardware can be installed on one or more microprocessors; (2) the official designer of the software writing content control is all about. Now in several ways in the context of industrial automation can often be seen in three ways: (1) Programmable Logical Controller (referred to as IPC); (2) Distributed Control System (DCS for short), and (3) the Programmable Logical Controller (PLC for short). 2.1.2 PLC and the IPC and DCS contrast contrast 1, each of the three technologies of origins and development requirements for fast data processing makes it invented the computer. The men brought in terms of hardware there, using a high level of standardization, can use more compatibility tools, is a rich software resources, especially the need for immediacy in operational systems. So the computer can effectively control is used to control and meet its speed, on the virtual model, real-time and in computational requirements. Distributed system started with a control system for industrial automatic instrument used to control, whereas now it is successfully developed into industrial control computer used as a central collection and distribution system and transition of distributed control system in analogue handling, loop control, has begun to reflect the use of a huge advantage. Though distributed system has great advantages in loop regulation, but only as a means of continuous process control. Optimization of PLC is the corresponding relay needs was born, its main use in the work order control, early primary is replaced relay this hulking system, focused on the switch controlling the running order of functions. Marked by the microprocessor in the early 1970 of the 20th century emerged, micro-electronics technology has developed rapidly, people soon microelectronics processing technology will be used in the Programmable Logical Controller (that is