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2020年精编人教版英语资料Unit 5 First aid5.1 Warming Up & Pre-reading & Reading & Comprehending重 点单 词1_n& vt.帮助；援助；资助2_vi.& vt.(使)噎住；(使)窒息3_n器官4_n液体5_n(pl.)剪刀6_vt.& vi.榨；挤；压榨7_ adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的8_vt.& vi.倒；灌；注；涌9_vi.& vt.流血_n血；血液；血统 _adj.出血的；血染的；伤亡惨重的10_adj.暂时的；临时的_adv.暂时地；短暂地11_n损伤；伤害_vt.使受伤；弄伤_adj.受伤的12_n毒药；毒害；vt.毒害；使中毒_adj.有毒的13_adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的_adv.轻微地；温和地14_vi.& vt.(使)膨胀；隆起_adj.肿胀的15_adj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的_adj.可忍受的；能应付的重 要短 语1first _ (对伤患者的)急救2fall _ 生病3get _ 受伤4a _ of 各种各样的5electric _ 触电；电休克6squeeze _ 榨出；挤出7_ and _ again 反复；多次8_ place 在适当的位置；适当9be _ vital importance 至关重要的10pour _ 大量地涌进来关键句 型1. So as you can imagine，if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. 因此，你可以想象到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了，就可能非常严重。2. Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉，必要时可使用剪刀。【参考答案】重点单词 重要短语1.aid2.ill3.injured4.variety5.shock6out7.over；over8.in9.of10.in之词汇篇1. aid；fall ill First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人提供的一种临时的救助。 (教材P33) aidn& vt. 帮助；援助；资助。常见的搭配 with the aid of.在的帮助下 in aid of sth./sb. 以支援或帮助某物/某人 be a great aid to sb. 对某人有极大的帮助 with the aid of sb.with sb.s aid在某人的帮助下 come to ones aid 来帮助某人aid sb with sth以某物帮助某人aid sb in (doing) sth在某方面帮助某人aid sb to do sth帮助某人做某事He aided me in business/ with money. 他在事业上/金钱方面帮助我。I aided her to continue her study. I aided her in continuing her study. 我帮助她继续做研究。One of the station staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid. 一位车站工作人员见他有困难，便过来帮忙。Im collecting money in aid of starving children. 为了帮助饥饿的孩子们，我正在筹款。 aid一般用作不可数名词，意为“急救，帮助”；用作可数名词时，则意为“辅助性的工具”。【跟踪典例】 (1)介词填空He gets up very early in order to aid his mother _ having breakfast.Thank you for aiding me _ the work._the aid of a compass the traveler can find his bearings (方位)He was too busy to come _ my aid.They are collecting money _ aid of rareearth research.(2)完成句子The collection is _. 这笔募集的钱是用来救济盲人的。Teachers give their lessons _. 老师依靠电脑来授课。My professor _ me _/with my study. 我的教授帮助我继续作研究。Im collecting money _. 为帮助饥饿的孩子们，我正在搞募捐。_，we have made great progress this term. 在老师们的帮助下，这学期我们已经取得了巨大的进步。An EnglishChinese Dictionary is _ in learning English. 一本英汉词典是学习英语的重要帮手。【答案】(1)inwithWithtoin(2)in aid of the blindwith the aid of computersaided；to continuein aid of starving childrenWith the aid of our teachersan important aid fall ill生病John hasnt recovered yet since he fell ill last week. 约翰上周生病了，尚未康复。He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door. 他正要入睡时突然有大声的敲门声。【归纳拓展】其中fall为连系动词，表示“变成；进入(某状态)”。fall asleep入睡，睡着 fall behind 落后；掉队fall silent 安静下来 fall off 跌落fall down 跌倒fall in love with sb./sth. 爱上某人(某物)fall into the habit of 养成某种习惯【易混辨析】fall ill / be illfall ill: 强调突然病倒，是短暂性动词短语，不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用be ill: 表示生病的状态，是延续性动词短语，可与表示一段时间的时间状语连用【跟踪典例】 (1)用fall ill，be ill的适当形式填空Having been working too hard in the last few months，he _ suddenly.Her husband _for a long time and is unable to work.(2)完成句子Since the boss of the company _，he _ for almost three months. 自从公司老板突然生病以来，他一直病着并待在医院里几乎三个月了。He didnt _ in his studies. 他不想在学习上落后。He_ when we mentioned this subject. 当我们提到这个话题时他沉默了。Its very easy to _smoking，but extremely difficult to stop. 养成吸烟的习惯很容易，但要戒掉却很难。If I hadnt got soaked a few days ago，I _ with flu.(fall) 如果前几天我不淋雨，我就不会感冒生病。【答案】(1)fell illhas been ill(2)fell ill suddenly；has been ill and stayed in hospitalwant to fall behindfell silentfall into the habit ofwouldnt have fallen ill2. injury Often the illness or injury is not serious，but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives.通常情况下这些患者的伤病都不太严重，但有些时候，给予紧急援助能挽救人的生命。 (教材P33)nC，U损伤；伤害He escaped from the accident without injury. 他从事故中逃脱而没有受伤。The best way for an injury is to forget it. 遗忘是疗伤的最好药品。【归纳拓展】(1)do sb.an injury(do an injury to sb.)伤害某人be an injury/injuries to sb./sth.对某人/某物的伤害(2)injure v使受伤；损害；伤害(感情)(3)injured adj.受伤的 the injured伤员【易混辨析】hurt / injure / harm / woundhurt指肉体和心理的疼痛，如剧痛的创伤，或情感的伤害。injure指在意外事故中受伤，如骨折，摔伤等。arm指对人或事物造成危害，这种危害不一定是直接的，也一定有疼痛。wound一般指严重的外伤，主要指在战场上 受枪弹伤害。【跟踪典例】 (1)用hurt / injure / harm / wound的不同形式填空/单项填空。Smoking less wont _ you.In the war of Gaza area, many innocent children and women _ in the heads.Many passengers were badly _ in the accident.He fell down and _ his arm.I count myself lucky to have escaped from the accident without serious .A. crime B. disaster C. infection D. injury(2)完成句子With _，theres no way that he can win the game.(injure) 他左腿受伤了，他不可能赢得这场比赛。What you said was _to her fame. 你所说的有损她的名声。After _ in the fighting，he was caught in an accident and his car _ but he himself was not _. 在战斗中负伤后，他又发生了事故，汽车被损坏，但他自己并没有受伤。【答案】 (1)harm wounded injured hurt D【解析】句意：我很荣幸没有受伤能够逃出了事故。此处指意外事故，故用hurt。(2)his left leg injuredinjurybeing wounded；was damaged；injured3. bleed bleeding流血(教材P33)vi.& vt.(bled，bled)流血；勒索，敲诈You are bleeding at the nose. Your nose is bleeding. 你在流鼻血。【归纳拓展】(1) bleed for 为流血；悲痛 bleed to death 流血过多而死亡 bleed to do sth. 做某事令人悲痛 bleed sb.for sth. 榨取某人某物(2) bleeding n. 流血(3) blood n. 血液【名师点津】字母ooeenv.blood(血)bleed(流血) food(食物)feed(喂养)n变复数foot(脚)feet goose(鹅)geesetooth(牙齿)teeth【跟踪典例】 完成句子All the young soldiers are ready to the country. 所有年轻的战士们都准备着为祖国洒热血。She was almost after she gave birth to a child. 生完孩子后，她几乎因流血不止而死去。The boss tried to _ every penny they had. 老板试图从雇工们身上榨取出每一分钱。【答案】 bleed for bleeding to death bleed his employees for 4. poison poisonous adj. 有毒的 You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease，poisons and the suns harmful rays. 皮肤有三层，作为屏障可以防病、防毒、抵制太阳有害光线的侵害。 (教材P33)n毒药；有害之物vt.毒死；下毒；败坏。常见的搭配poison ones mind with.用毒害某人的思想poison sth.with sth. 用污染/伤害poison sb./sth.to death 毒死某人(物)These ideas are a poison in our society. 这些思想是我们社会的祸害。Industrial wastes are poisoning the air of our city. 工业废弃物在污染着我们城市的空气。Some online games are poisoning childrens health，both physically and mentally. 有些网络游戏在毒害孩子们的身心健康。【跟踪典例】 完成句子Some mushrooms contain _. 有些蘑菇含有致命毒素。His dog has _. 他的狗已被毒死。They have threatened _. 他们威胁说要在这座城市的饮用水中下毒。Do you believe that television _ of our children? 你认为电视在毒害我们的孩子们的思想吗？Their minds _. 他们的头脑已经被金钱毒化了。【答案】a deadly poison been poisoned to deathto poison the citys drinking is poisoning the mindshas been poisoned by money5. variety You can get burned by a variety of things：hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation(by being close to high heat or fire，etc.)，the sun，electricity or chemicals.你可能由于各种原因而被烧伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或大火等)、阳光、电和化学物品。(教材P34)nU变化；多样化；多变性C种种；各种各样；种类；品种The garden offers a variety of attractions. 这花园有许多吸引人的景色。There are various ways of cooking rice. 做米饭有各种不同的方法。【归纳拓展】(1)a variety ofvarieties ofvarious adj.各种各样的；不同种类的(2)vary v变化；使多样化 vary from.to.从到不等；在到之间变动 vary with.随而变动【名师点津】“a variety of复数名词”用作主语，谓语要用复数；“the variety of复数名词”用作主语，谓语要用单数。【跟踪典例】 (1)用variety的适当形式填空There are wide _of flowers in the park.As in China，the climate in Canada _ from area to area.He has collected a large number of coins of _ shapes and colors.(2)完成句子The prices of some goods _. 某些货物的价格随着季节的变化而变动。The library provides us students _ books. 图书馆为我们学生提供各种各样的书籍。His opinions are _. 他的意见繁多。The weather here _. 这儿的天气时刻在变化。There were _ exhibits in the 2010 Shanghai Expo. 在2010年上海世博会上有各种各样的展品。【答案】(1)varieties varies various(2)vary with the season with a wide/large/variety ofvarious and many varies from hour to hour a large variety of6. squeeze For second degree burns，keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water，squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉，需把湿布放回冷水中，拧出水后再放在烧伤面上，这样要反反复复地做一个小时左右，直到不太痛时为止。(教材P34)vt. & vi.榨；挤；压榨。常见的短语： squeeze out榨出；挤出 squeeze sth.out of/from 把某物从挤出/向勒索某物 squeeze through 挤过；勉强通过 squeeze into 挤进 squeeze.into. 将挤进 squeeze ones way 推开别人通过；挤过The dog squeezed through the small hole in the wall.那条狗挤过了小小的墙洞。We squeezed the juice from an orange.我们从橙子中挤出汁来。Tom took off his wet clothes and squeezed the water out 汤姆脱下了湿衣服，拧出了水。【图形助记】【跟踪典例】 完成句子The boss _ the last drop of blood of the worker. 老板榨干了这个工人身上的最后一滴血。To most Chinese children，a dictionary means another reference book to _ an already weightily school bag. 对于大多数中国的孩子来讲，一本字典意味着另一个参考书挤进本已沉重的书包。The dog _ the small hole in the wall. 那条狗挤过了小小的墙洞。Tom took off his wet clothes and _. 汤姆脱下了湿衣服，将水拧出。Cant you _ that lemon? 难道你不能从那个柠檬里榨出更多的汁吗？I _ with great difficulty. 我好不容易挤上拥挤的公共汽车。【答案】squeezed out squeeze into squeezed throughsqueezed the water out/squeezed out the watersqueeze more juice out of squeezed myself into a crowded bus7. over and over again反复；多次For second degree burns，keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water，squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉。需把湿布放回冷水盆中，拧出水后再放在烧伤面上，这样要反反复复地做一个小时左右，直到不太痛时为止。(教材P34)My teacher has told me over and over again not to get addicted to computer games. 我的老师已多次告诉我不要沉迷于电脑游戏。He read the poem over and over again till he could recite it. 他一遍又一遍地朗读那首诗，直到他会背为止。【归纳拓展】 (1)over and over一再，反复 again and again 反复，一再 time and(time)again 多次，一再(2)once again 再一次【跟踪典例】 完成句子I told the students _ to study hard. 我一再告诉学生们要努力学习。I have warned you _. 我已多次告诫过你不要做那件事。The teacher told us _ again. 老师告诉我们再读一遍课文。【答案】again and againover and over again/again and again not to do it to read the text(once)8. in place在适当的位置；适当Hold the bandage in place with tape.用胶布把绷带固定。(教材P35)The librarian put the returned books in place. 图书管理员把还回的图书放到原处。I dont think your suggestion quite in place. 我认为你的建议不是很恰当。【归纳拓展】(1)in place of代替 in ones place 在某人的位置上 in the first place 首先 out of place 不合适；在不恰当的位置 from place to place 到处(2)take place 发生 take the place of 代替 take ones place 就职位；代替某人的位置 give place to sb. 让位给某人【跟踪典例】 完成句子Youd better put things back _.Otherwise，it will be difficult to find things. 你最好把东西放回原处，不然很难找到。I think _ to put forward your ideas at the meeting. 我认为在会上提出你的观点是合适的。An fatal accident _at this cross three years ago. 这个十字路口三年前发生了一起死亡事故。His arty clothes look _. 他的奇装异服，在办公室里很不搭调。The grownups had coffee but the children wanted milk _. 成人喝咖啡，而小孩子要的牛奶而不是咖啡。Electric trains _ steam trains in Britain. 在英国，电气火车已经代替了蒸汽火车。In case of my absence，_？ 万一我不能来，谁来顶替我？【答案】in place it in place took place out of place in the officein place of coffee have taken the place of who will take my place9. vital If the injuries are second or third degree burns，it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.如果是二度或者三度烧伤，至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。(教材P35)adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的。常见的搭配： be vital to/for.对很重要 It is vital that. 重要的是(从句中谓语需用“shoulddo”，should可省略) It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要 be of vital importance 至关重要的This matter is of vital importance to us. 这件事对我们来说至关重要。Its vital that we (should)carry out the operation immediately. 我们应立即开始手术，因为这是生死攸关的。【名师点津】“It is vital that主语(should)do”属于“It isadj.that主语(should)do”句型，能够用于此句型的其他的常见形容词还有：important，essential，necessary，natural，strange等。【跟踪典例】 完成句子Your support _ of my plan. 你的支持对我的计划的成功关系重大。It is _ good education. 重要的是孩子们要受到良好的教育。Accident can happen anytime，anywhere；therefore it is vital _ insurance on our cars.(have) 事故可能随时随地发生，所以我们拥有汽车保险至关重要。It is strange _. 他来这里真有点怪。It is necessary _. 有必要他和我们一起去那里。It is vital _. 使他的生活有序很重要。His support for our project is _. 他对我们计划的支持是至关重要的。Interest is _ as the ability to understand，even more so. 兴趣对于学习来说和理解力一样重要，甚至更重要。【答案】is vital to/for the successvital that children (should) receive that we(should)havethat he(should)come herethat he (should) go there with us to keep his life in order of vital importanceas vital to learning10. pour Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin.山姆弄破了水泡，还从冰箱里取出冰水敷在皮肤上。(教材P35)vi.&vt.倒；灌；注；涌He poured out his tale of misfortunes. 他倾诉自己的不幸遭遇。Please pour yourself another cup of tea.请再倒杯茶喝吧。【归纳拓展】(1)pour in大量地涌进来 pour.into. 朝里面倒 pour into/out of. 涌进/涌出 pour out sth.to sb. 向某人倾诉某事(2)pour cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨 pour cold water on sth. (对某人计划或热心)浇冷水 pour oil on troubled waters 调解争端【跟踪典例】 完成句子The rain is _. 雨倾泻如注。Letters of congratulations _ from all parts of the country. 祝贺信从全国各地源源而来。The crowd suddenly _. 人群突然涌进商店。He _ sugar _ a bag _ a pot. 他将糖从袋中倒入罐内。Since it _，we had to stay at home to spend our spare time. 因为下了倾盆大雨，我们只好待在家里度过我们的空闲时间。【答案】pouring downpoured inpoured into the storepoured；out of；intopoured/was pouring cats and dogs11. knock over打翻；撞倒；撞翻 Sam knocked over a kettle full of boiling water onto his legs.萨姆撞翻了一壶开水，洒在了腿上。(教材P35)The boy hurried to the door to greet his mother and knocked a chair over. 男孩匆匆忙忙去门口迎接母亲，把一把椅子撞翻了。It was John that knocked over the bottle. 是约翰把那个瓶子打翻的。【归纳拓展】knock at/on敲(门、窗等)knock against 撞到之上knock into 与相撞；偶然碰到(某人)knock down 撞倒；拆除knock off 停止；中断；降价knock out 击败，把敲出来，使昏迷【名师点津】 knock over的宾语是名词时可放中间或后面，代词作宾语时必须放在knock和over之间。【跟踪典例】 完成句子A big dog came running round the corner and _. 一只大狗由街角跑来，把他撞倒了。In the fight，the thief_ the policeman. 在格斗中，窃贼把警察打昏了。_ at six oclock after studying for four hours. 学习了4个小时后，我在6点停止学习了。In the darkness he _ something. 在黑暗中他撞上了一样东西。I _ an old friend of mine in the park. 我昨天在公园里碰见一位老朋友。Someone _ the door. 有人在敲门。【答案】knocking him over/down knocked out Knocked offknocked against knocked into is knocking at12. pick off去除；剪掉；摘去；撕掉 Her husband took off her blouse and picked off bits of the blouse stuck to the burn.她的丈夫脱下她的衬衣，还把粘在伤口上的碎布拉了下来。(教材P35)Pick off all the dead leaves off the flower. 把这棵花上的枯叶全部摘掉。Dont pick off any of the flowers. 这些花一朵也不要摘。【归纳拓展】pick up 捡起，拾起；(偶然)学会；收听(节目等)；恢复； 让人乘车，搭载pick out 挑选出；认出来，辨别出【跟踪典例】(1)写出下列句子中pick短语的含义Im going to pick out a few books to send to some friends in South China._I am able to pick you up on the short wave radio._Can you pick out the right one？_The children picked up many sea shells at the seashore. _He picked up his crying child._In that way Ill be able to pick up some theoretical knowledge too._Well send the ambulance to pick him up._(2)完成句子They are _ over the radio. 他们正从收音机上听新闻。She _ the old picture on the wall. 她把墙上的旧画撕了下来。The bus _ outside the airport. 公共汽车在机场外接乘客。She _ from dozens of applicants for the job. 她从大批的求职者中被选中承担这项工作。【答案】(1)挑选 收听 看出，找出 捡起 抱起 偶然学会 接走(2)picking up the news picked off picks up passengers was picked out之句式篇1So as you can imagine，if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. 因此，你可以想象到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了，就可能非常严重。本句为as引导的非限制性定语从句，as在句中作宾语，指代的是“if your skin gets burned it can be very serious”。as在引导非限制性定语从句时，可以代替整个句子或一件事，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，意为“正如；就像；据”；可位于主句之前或之后，一般用逗号与主句隔开。As they expected，everything has gone very well. 正如他们所期望的那样，一切进展顺利。As I said in my last letter，Im taking the exam in June. 我上次信里已经说过，我六月份要参加考试。The hall, as is often the case, becomes very crowded. 大厅里挤满了人，情况常常如此。As is known to all，China is a developing country. 众所周知，中国是个发展中国家。【归纳拓展】as引导的定语从句的表达方式有：as we can see正如我们所看到的 as we all know 我们都知道 as is known to all 众所周知 as is reported 正如报道的那样as is often the case 这是常有的事as was mentioned above 正如上面所提到的【易混辨析】as/which引导的定语从句区别which引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后，指代前面整个句子，多译为“这；这一点”as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前或主句之后，还可以分割主句，指代整个主句的内容，多译为“正如；正像”【跟踪典例】 (1)用as，which填空He passed the exam，_ made us all happy.He passed the exam，_we had expected.She is very patient，_ is shown in her work.(2)完成句子I lend you _ books _. 我借给你使你感兴趣的书。_，China is a developing country. 众所周知，中国是个发展中国家。The hall，_，becomes very crowded. 大厅里挤满了人，情况常常如此。She knew he felt just _. 她知道他的感觉与她自己一样。【答案】(1)which as as(2)such；as will interest you As is known to all as is often the case the same as she did2Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. 除非衣服粘在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉，必要时可使用剪刀。if necessary如果有必要的话。它的条件状语从句if it is necessary的省略形式，现多作为固定搭配使用。f necessary，please come to him for help. 如果有必要，就向他寻求帮助吧。He said he would go there himself，if necessary. 他说如果有必要的话，他将亲自去那儿。【归纳拓展】(1) if(it is)adj.如果可省略it is，只用ifadj.结构。 if so如果这样的话 if ever 如果曾经有的话 if not如果不是的话 if any如果有的话 if possible 如果可能的话(2)在when，while，whenever，until，unless，if，as，as if，though， although等连词引导的状语从句中，若从句主语与主句主语一致 或从句中的主语是it，且从句谓语中含有动词be时，则从句中 主语和动词be常被省略。由after，before，because等引导的状语从句不能省略。【跟踪典例】完成句子_，we will come to your help. 只要有可能，我们就来帮助你。I will help you to renew your MiniBlog _. 如果有必要的话，我帮你更新微博。_ a bus，I knocked into an old friend. 我在等车时碰到了一位老朋友。I wont go to her party _. 除非被邀请，否则我不会去参加她的聚会的。_，he stayed up late. 尽管疲惫不堪，他仍很晚才睡。Her daughters were of some help，_. 她的女儿们总能帮些忙，不管多小的忙。Smiling pleasantly，the stranger turned _
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