2010高考二轮复习英语学案专题一 名词和冠词

高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家2010高考二轮复习英语学案专题一 名词和冠词【典例精析】1. （2008福建）Whats the _ of having a public open space where you cant eat, drink or even simply hang out for a while? A. sense B. matter C. case D. opinion【解析】A sense意为“感觉”在这样一个公共场所，不可以吃喝甚至不可以走动有什么感觉。2.（2008天津卷）Most air pollution is caused by the burning of _ like coal, gas and oil. A. fuels B. articles C. goods D. products【解析】A fuel燃料，题干中coal, gas, oil均为燃料，由此选出A3. （2008山东）I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real_.A. exchange B. bargain C. trade D. business【解析】 bargain廉价货符合句意，exchange交换；trade贸易，买卖；business事业，业务均不合句意4. （2008江西卷）Shall we go out for a walk?Sorry. This is not the right _ to invite me. I am too tired to walk. A. moment B. situationC. place D. chance【解析】 句意为：此刻邀请我不合适，moment此时，此刻符合句意；situation形式；place地方；chance机会均不合题意5. （2008湖北卷）The young man made a _ to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation.A. predictionB. promiseC. planD. contribution【解析】B 年轻人对父母做出许诺。B许诺，答应符合句意；A意思为预测，C为计划，D意为贡献均不合句意6. （2008湖北卷）The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly_ A. atmosphere B. state C. situation D. phenomenon【解析】A atmosphere氛围。气氛符合句意；B为状态；C为形式；D意为现象7. （2008安徽卷）To save some of the human languages before they are forgotten, the students in our school started a discussion “Save Our _” . A. Sky B. Life C. Arts D. Voices【解析】D句意：为了拯救那些被遗忘的人类语言，我校同学开展了题为“拯救我们的声音”的大讨论；此处声音妥当8.（2008辽宁卷）My neighbor asked me to go for _ walk, but I dont think Ive got _ energy. A. a; 不填 B. the; the C. 不填; the D. a; the【解析】D go for a walk 去散步，走走，固定搭配；the energy 那个力量，专指去散步的力量，具体所指，所以用定冠词the. 9.（2008全国）Its not _ good idea to drive for four hours without _ break. A. a; a B. the; a C. the; the D. a; the【解析】A开车好几个小时没有一个一次休息不是一个好主意，所以从意义上都是单数，而且是可数名词，所以都用不定冠词a. 10.（2008山东卷)Students should be encouraged to use _ Internet as _ resource. A. 不填; a B. 不填; the C. the; the D. the; a【解析】D因特网专有名词用定冠词；作为一种资源，种类泛指用不定冠词a. 11.（2008湖南卷，22）Have you heard _ news？The piece of _ petrol is going up again!A. the, the B. 不填，the C. the, 不填 D. 不填，不填【解析】C 听说那个消息，特指后面的石油价格上涨，所以用定冠词；石油不可数名词，所以不用任何冠词12.（2008江苏卷，21）We went right round to the west coast by _ sea instead of driving across _ continent. A. the; theB. 不填；theC. the; 不填D. 不填；不填【解析】B by +交通工具中间不用任何冠词；与水路对应，专指陆路，所以用定冠词the. 13.（2008江西卷，30）- I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting. - It is not your fault. With _ rush-hour traffic and _ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late. A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. /; a【解析】A 一种。样的交通状况用a;这么一场大雨，泛指，用a. 14.（2008陕西卷，10）I ate _ sandwich while I was waiting for _ 20:08 train. A. the, a B. the, the C. a, the D. a, a【解析】C 我吃了一个三明治，一般所指；特指哪一列火车，用定冠词the. 15.（四川卷，08）In the United States, there is always _ flow of people to areas of _ country where more jobs can be found. A. a; the B. the ; a C. the; the D. a; a【解析】A一群人流，a flow of 固定搭配；特指能找到工作的那个地方，所以用定冠词。16.（2008浙江卷，2）_ apple fell from the tree and hit him on _ head. A. An; the B. The; the C. An; 不填 D. The; 不填【解析】A一个苹果，可数名词；hit sb on the head 固定用法。击中某人某个部位用定冠词。17.（2008重庆卷） In many places in China, _ bicycle is still _ popular means of transportation. A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the【解析】C 自行车，专指大家知道的交通工具，用定冠词表类别；一种。方式，固定用法。【学法导航】按照名词和冠词的考查规律，同学们在复习备考中要注意：1. 语义学习是语言学习过程中的基础，没有一定的词汇量，听说读写等其它能力无从谈起。所以，在备考中，一定要重视词汇语义的学习和复习2. 词汇意义的领悟和掌握既要机械记忆，又要在阅读、运用中领悟，巩固。要将词汇织成一个网，全面掌握一些重要的词汇及相关词汇3. 同义词近义词的学习必须进行专项复习。收集大量的语言实例，反复记忆，用心领悟。4. 考查零冠词用法。5. 和某些抽象名词连用，使其具体化以及不可数名词在特指情况下将成为考查重点。6. 冠词在一些固定短语，特殊句式的运用将仍旧会出现在某些省市的高考试卷中。7. 比较级中的冠词也是考查的重点。8. 冠词的基本用法,定冠词在adj.前表示一类尤其是考查的重点。9. 语境、语义下的冠词灵活运用。10. 根据知识网络将冠词的基本用法记牢，这是你做好试题的前提。11. 熟悉一些名词的用法，和冠词结合。有很多不可数名词，有时候被具体化的情况，也是考查的重点12. 多做练习，能够提高熟悉语境的能力，很多考题是要和语境相联系起来考查的，这方面一定要重视【专题综合】1.I heard you have_ vacant position for a secretary. Ive come to apply for _job. Athe; a Ba; the C不填; a Da; 不填2.-John, there is_ Mr. Wilson on the phone for you. - Im in_ bath. A. a; the B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. 不填; 不填3. People think that _ opening ceremony of the 29th Olympic Games is _ great success. A. an; a B. the ; a C. the ;the D. the ; X4. - Do you often listen to _ radio? -No, in fact I havent got_ radio.A. a; the B. 不填; a C. the; a D. the; the5.- Waiter, could we have_ bill, please? -Darling, dont forget to leave_ tip.A. a; the B. a; 不填 C. the; 不填 D. the; a6. The research showed beyond _ that smoking contributes to heart diseases. A. wonder B. doubt C. problem D. use7 Would you take my old TV in _ for this camera? A. place B. return C. exchange D. business8 Faced with the hard financial _, all the countries in the world should learn to cooperate to get it over. A. situation B. position C. phenomenon D. state9. It is a spectacular _ as the fireworks are set off and light up the who sky during the Spring Festival. A. look B. view C. scenery D. sight10. Quite a few employees payments are cut down and barely cover their household _ due to the serious economic crisis. A. bills B. expenses C. prices D. charges11. Suddenly we felt the _atmosphere grow tense as neither of the sides would give in.A. atmosphere B. state C. situation D. phenomenon12. The Chinese are looking forward to the first _to land on the moon after three Chinese astronauts successful trip to space. A. measure B. attempt C. purpose D. desire13. Who did you stay with yesterday? I couldnt find you anywhere. _. A. Mr. Greens B.The Greens C. Greens D. The Mr. Greens14. I shouldnt have accepted the mans present, but I found it difficult to turn down his _. A. offer B. request C. suggestion D. plan15. He kept sending her presents in an attempt to win her _. A. respect B. favor C. admiration D. pleasure参考答案1-5 BADCD 6【解析】B beyond doubt为固定短语，意为：无疑，确实。本句句意为：这项研究确实表明吸烟会导致心脏疾病。7.【解析】C in return for作为回报；in exchange for交换。你愿意用我的旧电视机换这架照相机吗？8【解析】A面对严重的经济形势，世界各国应努力合作共同克服。situation形式，处境。9【解析】D look看；面貌；view指从某处看到的景色；scenery指自然景色；sight指所看到的事物，景象。在春节期间，当烟火被点燃照亮整个夜空的时候真是一幅壮观的景象。10.【解析】B expense 意为“（时间、精力、金钱等的）消耗,花销,费用”。很多雇员收入下降不够维持生活的费用”。故选B项。bill 意为“账单，清单”。price 意为“价格,价钱，市价，代价，价值”。charge 意为“费用，捐税，代价，记账”，作“费用”解时指卖方开出的价钱。11【解析】A atmosphere氛围，D意为现象。我们突然感觉到气氛变得紧张了。12【解析】B measure 措施； attempt试图，尝试；purpose目的； desire渴望，欲望。在中国三名宇航员成功遨游太空后，中国正盼望着登月的第一次尝试.13【解析】B此题考查考生对复数姓氏名词的掌握能力。表示姓的一家人，应用the +姓氏的复数形式。14【解析】A offer: statement offering to do, or give sth to sb.（为某人做某事或给某人某事物的）建议，提议request: act of asking for sth. 要求；suggestion提议或建议的内容；plan计划。本句句意为：我本不该接受那个人的礼物，但很难拒绝他的提议。故选A。15.【解析】B 他不停送给她礼物，试图获得她的好感。favor: liking , goodwill , approval 喜爱，宠爱，好感，欢心。【专题突破】冠词做题技巧点拨：注意固定短语中的冠词；名词的具体化；抽象名词表示特指；在做题中要注意前后两个空的彼此照应；可以依据意思和语境把握冠词。名词做题技巧点拨：注意同义词、近义词意思的把握，要依据语意、词义进行辨析。1. Recently CCTV Station has taken great pains to make a program that reviews the important_0f 2008. A. affairs B. events C. matters D. things2. Theres no _from my bedroom window except for some factory chimneys.A. view B. scene C. sight D. look3. She is in a poor _of health, which worries her mother much.A. position B. situation C. state D. condition4. The experiment turned out to be _, which wasnt _ they wanted.A. a completely failing; as B. a complete failure; what C. completely failure; that D. failed; 不填5. In the botanic garden we can find a（n）_of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers.A. species B. group C. amount D. variety6. He was chosen _ of the company.A. manager B. a manager C. the manager D. as a manager7. I looked under _ bed and found _ book I lost last week. A. the; a B. the: the C. 不填; the D. the; 不填8.How about _ Christmas evening party?I should say it was _ success. A. a; a B. The; a C. a; 不填 D. the; 不填9. Polar bears live mostly on _ sea ice, which they use as _ platform for hunting seals. A. a; a B. a; the C. 不填; a D. the; 不填10. We have every reason to believe that _ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be _ success. A. 不填; a B. the; 不填 C. the; a D. a; a11. Many people have come to realize that they should go on _ balanced diet and make _ room in their day for exercise. A. a; 不填 B. the; a C. the; the D. 不填; a12.Could you tell me the way to _ Johnsons, please?Sorry, we dont have _ Johnson here in the village. A. the; the B. the; a C. 不填; the D. the; 不填13. _ walk is expected to last all day, so bring _ packed lunch. A. A; a B. The; 不填 C. The; a D. A; 不填14. In _ film Cast Away. Tom Hanks plays _ man named Chuck Noland. A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the D. a; a15. How about taking _ short break? I want to make _ call. A. the; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a16. I wanted to catch _ early train, but couldnt get _ ride to the station. A. an, the B. 不填, the C. an, 不填 D. the, a17. I like _ color of your skirt. It is _ good match for your blouse. A. a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. the; the18.George couldnt remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure it was _ Sunday because everybody was at _ church. A. 不填; the B. the; 不填 C. a; 不填 D. 不填; a 19. I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over _. You shouldnt put drinks near _ computer. A. the; 不填 B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. a; a20. In _ review off 44 studies, American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cut the risk of _ heart disease by 76%. _A. a; the B. the; a C. a; 不填 D. 不填; a21. Of all _ reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my fathers advice was _ most important one. A. the; a B. 不填; a C. 不填; the D. the; the22. For him _ stage is just _ means of making a living. A. a; a B. the; a C. the; the D. a; the23. According to _ World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent _ spread of AIDS. A. the; 不填 B. the; the C. a; a D. 不填; the24. Everywhere man has cut down _ forests in order to grow crops, or to use _ wood as fuel or as building material. A. the; the B. the; 不填 C. 不填; the D. 不填; 不填25. I know you dont like _ music very much. But what do you think of _ music in the film we saw yesterday? A. 不填;不填 B. the; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填; the参考答案 1-5 BACBD 6-10 ABBCC 11-15 ABCBD 16-20. DCCBC 21-25 DBBCD- 8 - 版权所有高考资源网