初一下英语一般过去时

第四讲：一般过去时一、定义：表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。1.表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态： e.g. He was twelve last year. She was at work.2.表过去经常或反复发生的动作： e.g. She often came to help us in those days. Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.2、 常与一般过去时连用的词：1. 时间状语 ago（two hours ago（一段时间+ago） yesterday（morning,afternoon,evening） the day before yesterday last week,last(year,night,month) 具体时间（如Jan.fourth) just now at the age of 10(过去时间段) one day long ago once upon a time this morning(afternoon, evening) long long ago（很久以前） the other day（前几天） at the moment3、 一般过去时的构成1、 系动词be的一般过去时 构成：主语 + be（was, were） + 其他 主语是”I” 时 - was 主语为单数时 - was 主语为复数及 you时 - were 否定句的构成: 主语 + be + not + 其他 was not = wasnt were not = werent【活学活用】填入适当的be动词。1、 Kitty_an English girl.2._ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?3、I_not from Taizhou.4. It _ (be) hot yesterday and most children _ (be) outside.5、She_tall.6. How many people _ (be) there in your class last term?7. There _ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening.8. I_(be) tired yesterday. 9.I _ at school just now.10.He _ at the camp last week.11.We _ students two years ago.12.They _ on the farm a moment ago.13.Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.14.There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.15.There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.2、 情态动词的一般过去时 构成：主语 + 情态动词 + 动词原形+其他 She had to do her homework yesterday. 注意：情态动词后的动词一定要用原形，而且只能是情态动词的过去式。 They should(应该) be right. 否定句的构成：主语 + 情态动词 + not + 动词原形 + 其他 could not = couldnt must not = mustnt would not = wouldnt should not = shouldnt might not = might not had not to = hadnt to【活学活用】填入适当的词。1. She_(could not) speak English last year.2. You_(must not) open the door last night.3. They_(should not) be right at that moment.4. She said she_(would not) go to Japan.3、 行为动词的一般现在时 构成：主语 + 行为动词 + 其他 These boys liked playing football. The girl read English every morning in 1998. 加ed方法： 1直接加ed：work worked looklooked2以不发音e结尾的单词，直接加d：live lived hopehoped useused3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed：study studied carrycarried worryworried 26个字母中 除A E I O U五个元音字母外，其余21个都是辅音字母4.以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed：enjoy enjoyed playplayed5. 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed：stop stopped planplanned不规则变化的动词过去式：have-had are-were get-got say-said feel-felt do/does-did is-was go-wentdrink-drank eat-ate bring-brought think-thought buy-bought catch- caught teach - taught sit-sat wear-wore cut-cut sweep-swept sleep-slept become-became【活学活用】一、写出下例单词的过去式isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _二、完成句子1. Tom and Mary _ (come) to China last month.2.Mary _ (read) English yesterday morning.3.I _ (call) Mike this morning.4.I listened but _ (hear) nothing.5.Tom _ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.6.Last week we _ (pick) many apples on the farm. 7.What _ (make) him cry (哭) just now?8.Last year the teacher _ (tell) us that the earth moves around the sun.9.Eli _ to Japan last week. ( move)10. He ate some bread and _ (drink) some milk.4. 否定句的构成: 主语 + 助动词（did）+not +行为动词原形 + 其他 These boys didnt（did not） like playing football. The girl didnt （did not）read English every morning last year. 注意：didnt之后动词一定要用原形【活学活用】一、将下面句子改成否定句1. I had a word with Julia this morning. _2. Li Ming studied English this morning. _3. There was an apple on the table last night. _4. I got up very early this morning. _5. The police stopped me on my way home last night. _6. They gave the concert last night. _二、按照要求改写句子1. Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. So she _ (get ) up late.2. He _ (not find ) his key last night.3. Her mother _ (not give) the girl any present one her birthday.4. Last week, I _( not buy) a new bike, I _(buy) a new kite instead. 5. 一般疑问句 含be动词或情态动词的一般疑问句 Were you a student ？ be动词 主语 其它 Yes，I was. No，I wasnt. be + 主语 + 其它部分？ 肯定回答：Yes，主语+be 否定回答：No，主语+be+not 注意：在回答时，主语要用相应的代词代替 Could you speak English last year? 情态动词 主语 动词原形 其他部分 Yes，I could. No，I couldnt. 情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它部分？ 肯定回答：Yes，主语+情态动词 否定回答：No，主语+情态动词+not 注意：在回答时，主语要用相应的代词代替 含be或情态动词一般疑问句的改写 秘诀：一调二改三问号 一调：即把句中的be或情态动词调到主语前； 二改：改换主语称谓，即将句中的主语I my mine we our ours等第一人称分别改为相应的第二人称 you your yours等； 三问号：句末的句号改为问号 【活学活用】将下例句子改成一般疑问句1. I was an English teacher . _2. He was happy yesterday._3. They were glad to see each other last year._4. I should sweep the floor a moment ago. _行为动词一般疑问句的构成问句： Did your parents go to school yesterday？ 肯答： Yes，they did. 否答： No，they didnt.肯定回答用“Yes, 主语+ did.”否定回答用“No, 主语+didnt(did not).”特别注意：对于行为动词的一般疑问句一定要注意动词的还原，因为时态与数的变化已经体现在助动词上了。 含行为动词（或称为实义动词）一般疑问句的改写：秘诀：一加二改三问号 一加：即在句首加助动词did； 二改：1、把谓语动词改为原形； 2、改换主语称谓； 三问号：句末的句号改为问号。【活学活用】按照要求改写句子2. We read English every morning last year. （改为一般疑问句） _2. Toms father listened to English on the radio every evening . （改为一般疑问句）_3. Mr. Green came to Shanghai a week ago. （改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答）_4. Millie lived in a flat in Beijing last week. （改为一般疑问句, 并做否定回答）_5. Daniel enjoyed playing computer games. (改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答)_6. 特殊疑问句以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有：what who whose which when where how why等。特殊疑问句有两种语序：（）如疑问词作主语或主语的定语，即对主语或主语的定语提问，其语序是陈述句的语序：疑问词（主语）谓语动词其他成分？如：who was singing in the room whose bike was red（）如疑问词作其他成分，即对其他成分提问，其语序是：疑问词一般疑问句语序？如：what class were you inWhat did she look likeWhere were you fromWhat time did he get up every morningHow did you know特殊疑问词+助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？eg:Where did you do study English?特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+其eg:Why was your Mum so angry?特殊疑问词+情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？ eg:What could I do for you?【活学活用】一、选择正确的单词填空(who, where, when)1._ was that pretty girl? She was my sister. 2._ were Jack and Tom? They were behind you.3._ did you go to school? I went to school from Monday to Friday.4._ had a beautiful flower? John had a beautiful flower.5._ were they? They were my parents. 6._ was my mother? She was in the living room.7._ were you going? We were going to the bakery(面包坊).8._ did Jim and Wendy play ball? They played ball in the afternoon.9._ did he jog? He jogged in the park. 10._ were you last night? I was at home.二、就画线部分提问1.He was my father. _ 2. They were under the tree._ 3. I often watched TV after dinner.(晚饭后) 提示：饭后强调的是时间问题。_ 4. Lily swam in the swimming pool.(游泳池) _ 5. Superman flied in the sky._ 6. I often brushed my teeth in the evening when I was young. _ 7. Alan liked to play with Bill._ 8. Joes father played badminton(羽毛球) every weekend last year._ 9. The supermarket was near the school. _ 10. The laptop(笔记本电脑) was on the table._ 11. Jennifer had a pair of earrings(耳环). _ 12. The flowers were in the flower pot(花盆)._ 13. My grandpa often took us to the zoo . _ 14. I put the gold fish(金鱼) into the fish tank(鱼缸)._ 15. Themonkey slept last night._ 课外作业:一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1He put the books away and_(go) home.2. The boy is running and_(tie) his shoes on the playground.3. My father_(buy) a new computer for_(I ) yesterday.4. He often_(go) to school by bike, but last year he often_(walk) to school.5. After she finished_(pack) everything, she_(go) to bed.6. - Who_(wash) the plates on the table ?- Jenny did.7. - When_you_(see ) the film “ Titanic”?8. Its half past eleven now. Jim_(have) lunch. He usually_(have) it at this time.9. She_(write) to Jill last month. She_(write) to him next time.10. The students_(stop) talking when their teacher came up.11.There _ any hospitals (医院) in my hometown (家乡) in 1940. ( be not)12.There _ enough milk at home last week, wasnt there?13.Eli _ to Japan last week. ( move)14. When _ you _ (come) to China? - Last year. 15.Did she _ (have) supper at home? 16.Jack _ (not clean) the room just now. 17._ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?18.How many people _ (be) there in your class last term?19.It _ (be) hot yesterday and most children _ (be) outside.20. There _ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _ (have) no time to watch it. 21. He ate some bread and _ (drink) some milk.22. _ he _ (finish) his homework last night?23. I_(be) tired yesterday. 24. I _(gain ) Arts degree last year.25. What _ you _ (do) last night?26. My grandfather _ (leave) Hong Kong for New York in 1998.27. What _ he _ (do) yesterday?28. Last week I _ (buy) a new bike.29. He _ (be) here just now.30. He _ (not find ) his key last night.31. My father _ (drink) a lot of wine yesterday.32. _ you _ (finish) your homework yesterday?33. I _ (eat) some eggs and bread this morning.34. Her mother _ (not give) the girl any present.二、选择( ) 1. Lee _ his mobile phone at home. A. was left B. has left C. had left D. left ( ) 2. _ he _ a good rest? No, he didnt. A. Have, had B. Did, have C. Did, had D. Had, had ( ) 3. When _ Lee _ school this morning? A. had, got to B. did, get to C. did, get D. did, got to ( ) 4. Will you please say it again? I _ quite _ you. A. didnt, hear B. havent, heard C. didnt, heard D. hadnt, heard( ) 5. _ you _ at six oclock yesterday? A. Do ,get up B. Did, get up C. Do, got up D. Did, got up( ) 6.What did you see _? A. now B. every day C. since 1990 D. just now( ) 7.He went into the room and _ the door. A. lock B. locking C. locks D. locked( ) 8. What _ you _ last week? I bought a bag. A. did ,buy B. did , bought C. do, buy D. do, bought( ) 9. _ he _ his lunch? Yes, he did. A. Have ,had B. Had, has C. Did, have D. Did, had( )10.Did the thieves _ into the car? No, they_. A. fell, didnt B. fall, did C. jump, didnt D. jump, did( ) 11. When did May come back from Hong Kong? She _ from Hong Kong last Friday. A. come back B. comes back C. returned back D. came back( ) 12. _ she _ this dictionary in the bookshop nearby last week? A. Did, buy B. Does, buy C. Did, bought D. Does, buys( ) 13. He _ to the station this morning and was_ for the train. A. hurry, in time B. hurries, on time C. hurried, in time D. hurried, at time( ) 14. Where _ Uncle Sun yesterday? A. was B. were C. did D. does( ) 15. Have you seen him today? Yes, I _ him this morning. A. has seen B. see C. will see D. saw( ) 16. He _ worried when he heard the news. A. is B. was C. does D. did( ) 17. There _ a telephone call for my brother Steven yesterday? A. is B. are C. was D. were( ) 18. Liu Fengwei _ three yuan for the lost library book. A. paid B. pay C. spent D. lost( ) 19. He _ in this school in 1958. A. taught B. has taught C. teaches D. had taught( ) 20. They _ tired so they stopped _ a rest. A. are, have B. were, have C. were, to have D. are, having( ) 21. Yesterday I _ in bed all day because I had a fever. A. lay B. lie C. laid D. lain( ) 22. Hello, Mike. Its you. I _ you _ in Beijing. How long have you been here? A. dont know, were B. hadnt known, are C. havent known, are D. didnt know, were( ) 23. It was raining hard when he _ home. A. got B. get C. gets D. was getting( ) 24. He has taught in this school since he _ work. A. began to B. begins to C. begun to D. begin to( ) 25. She said her brother _ in Beijing. He _ to Japan on business last week. A. wasnt, went B. hasnt, went C. wasnt, would go D. would be, went 三、 单句改错：下面每句均有一处错误，指出并加以改正1. Did you found the answer to this question?_ 2. Mary and her brother was born on the same day._ 3. We start this lesson about ten minutes ago._ 4. She hadnt anything for breakfast this morning._ 5. They came here for a year._ 6. Amy singed a song for us at that party._ 7. He said he will help me with my English when he was free. _8. The man saw the bag until it was late._ 四、按照要求改写句子 1. The children had a good time in the park.否定句：_一般疑问句：_对划线部分提问：_2. There were about nine hundred people at the concert.(音乐会)否定句：_一般疑问句：_对划线部分提问：_3. There was only one problem.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯定/否定回答：_4. Ann did her homework yesterday evening.否定句：_一般疑问句：_对划线部分提问：_5. Last week I read an English book.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯定/否定回答：_对划线部分提问：_五、 翻译下列句子1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。_ _ _ _ _ exciting weekend.2. Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本地理方面的书籍。Jenny likes _ _. She _ a book _ _ last night.3. Emma每天都练习弹吉他。可是昨天他没有练习。他为数学考试作准备了。Emma _ the guitar every day. But he _ _ yesterday. He _ _ the math test.4. 上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。What _ they _ _ Saturday?They _ _ homework and _ _ .5. 今天早上方方得做饭，因为他父亲不在家。This morning Fangfang _ _ _ _ because his father _ _ _ yesterday.6. 你还有什么要说的？What _ would you like _ _?7. 放学别忘了向老师说声再见。Dont forget _ _ _ _ the teacher.8. 为什么你昨晚没有看电视？Why _ you _ TV last night?9. 他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。When he _ the classroom, he _ a watch on the ground.10. 他什么时候出生的？1980年。-When _ he _? -_ 1980.教学反思教学效果下次课设想参考答案一、1.went 2. tying 3. bought; me 4. goes; walked 5. packing; went 6. washed 7. did; see 8. is having; has 9. wrote; will write 10. stopped 11. were not 12.was 13. moved 14. did; come 15. have 16. didnt clean 17. was 18. were 19. was; were 20. was; had 21. drank 22. did; finish 23. was 24. gained 25. did; do 26. left 27. did; do 28. bought 29.was 30. didnt find 31.drank 32. did; finish 33. ate 34. didnt give二、1. D 2.B 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. C 11. D 12.A 13. C 14. A 15. D 16. B 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. C 21. A 22.D 23. A 24. A 25.A3、 略4、 略5、 1. I had a busy but 2. reading books; read; about geography3. plays; didnt practice; prepared for4. did; do last; did their; went shopping5. had to cook meals; wasnt at home6. else; to say7. to say goodbye to 8. didnt watch 9. was cleaning; found 10. was born; in 11