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Unit 2 Language Reading Read and answer the questions.1.Why does the English language have so many rules that confuse people? Because it is made up of the grammar and vocabulary that people from different countries and cultures brought with them to Britain. 2. Where did the English come from? It came from the word Engle, as it is spelt in old English.3. Why can words with similar meanings be found in the English language? These words with similar meanings developed because each word came from a different language.4. Who made the greatest contribution to the development from Old English to Middle English? The French-speaking Normans, who took control of England in 1066. 5. Why are many of the words for animals different from those for meat in English? The words for animals came from old English, While the words for the meat came from Old French.Fill in the blanks with the following dates from the passage.1. Before the middle of the _, people in Britain did not speak English.2. Modern English began to develop in the _.3. Almost everyone in England began to speak Middle English in the _.5th century5th century 9th century 10th century 1066 14th century 16th century16th century14th century 4. At the end of the _, Norwegian words began to be used in the English language.5. The Normans occupied England in _6. By the _, people in England used Old English as the official language. 9th century106610th century1. 占领（L10）2. 由.组成（L2；L10)3. .的混合、融合4. 以.命名(L11)5. 除此之外（L12）6. 与. 混合（L16)7. 对.感到困惑（L18)8. 扮演角色，参与，起作用（L25)9. 对.作出贡献（L26）10.控制，取得对的控制（L27）11.取代，替代（L29）12.导致（L32）13.把.加在.上（L43)14.然而（表对比）（L45）15.被广泛使用（L48）16.经历（变革，苦难.)(L54)take control ofbe made up of(被）被）; consist of（主）（主）a mixture ofname afteraside from/apart frommix withfeel puzzled aboutplay a part/role inmake contribution toreplace sth with/by sthresult inaddtocome into widespread usego through changes.occupy；be occupied with sth/in doing sthwhile1. be made up of VS consist of1. consist of与与be made up of同义，但同义，但consist of不不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时。用于被动语态，也不用于进行时。2. make up 化妆化妆；make up a story/an excuse 编编造一个故事造一个故事/借口借口;make up 30% of the rich占富人占富人总数的总数的30%；make up for ones loss 补偿某人的补偿某人的损失；损失；3. consist in The excellence of the novel consists in its ending这本小说的精彩之处就这本小说的精彩之处就在于在于它的结局。它的结局。(1)make a contribution/contributions to/towards sth.为为作出贡献，为作出贡献，为捐款捐款(2)contribute vi. & vt.contribute sth to/towards .给给捐款；向捐款；向投稿投稿contribute to .是是的原因之一；有助于；导致的原因之一；有助于；导致 2. contribution很多人都给希望工程很多人都给希望工程捐款捐款，这，这使得使得许多孩子能重返校园许多孩子能重返校园。一位老师感动于好心人的帮助，写了一篇文章向报社。一位老师感动于好心人的帮助，写了一篇文章向报社投稿投稿。 Many people contributed money to the Hope Project, which contributed to many childrens coming back to study.A teacher was so deeply moved by the kind people that she wrote an article and contributed it to a newspaper.3. defeat, beat, windefeat/beat1.一般可以互换，常接表示一般可以互换，常接表示“人人”或或“团体团体”的名词或的名词或代词作宾语。代词作宾语。2.但是但是beat侧重于在比赛中击败对手侧重于在比赛中击败对手 3.defeat既可以指在比赛中，也可以指在战场上战既可以指在比赛中，也可以指在战场上战胜对手胜对手win1.一般接一般接game, war, battle, prize等表示比赛、战争、等表示比赛、战争、奖品等的名词奖品等的名词 2.或或respect, honour等抽象名词。等抽象名词。3. 但不可接人或球队等但不可接人或球队等We _their team by 10 points.Mary _the first prize in the competition.The enemy was _in a decisive battlebeat/defeatedwondefeated4. raise vt. / n1. The baby was raised on soybean milk. 这孩子是用豆浆这孩子是用豆浆喂养喂养大的。大的。2. The landlord raised my rent to $200. 房东把租金房东把租金提高提高到到$ 200。3. They are going to raise money for the school buildings. 他们将为盖校舍他们将为盖校舍筹集筹集资金。资金。4. He raised his glass and said: Your health, Carl. 他他举起举起了杯子说道了杯子说道:祝你健康祝你健康,卡尔。卡尔。“5. None of them raised any objection. 他们谁也没提出反对意见他们谁也没提出反对意见二者均有二者均有“提高，增加提高，增加”的意思的意思raiseVt，也可表示抽象意义，如提高政治觉悟、，也可表示抽象意义，如提高政治觉悟、生活水平、地位等生活水平、地位等riseVi，说明主语自身移向较高的位置。通常指，说明主语自身移向较高的位置。通常指日、月、星辰的升起日、月、星辰的升起5. raiseVS riseraise raised raised VS rise rose rizenThe level of our scientific research has been_.The population of the city has _to five million.raisedrisen1. His success _ working hard.2. Too much cigarettes _ his deaths. 3. He had to take a taxi to work _the bad weather.A. result in B. as a result ofC. results fromD. as a resultA AC CB B1. EVEN THOUGH THE NORMANS SPOKE FRENCH, FRENCH DID NOT REPLACE ENGLISH AS THE FIRST LANGUAGE. (L30)They love each other. They decide to leave each other. Sentence structures:2. High-class people spoke French while common people spoke English. (L46)He likes dancing. I like listening to music. . 3.(1) People in Britain all spoke a language called Celtic.(L8)(2) Middle English is the name given to the English used from around the 12th to the 16th century.(L24)(3) The words we use for most animals raised for food come from Old English.(L37)STUDY THE FUNCTION OF THE RED PART IN EACH SENTENCE:(1)Thats why English is a language with so many confusing rules. (L3)(2) It is certain that we would not be able to understand it if we heard it today. (L56)(34)(3) This is because many pairs of words and phrases have similar meanings. (L19)(4) The question of whether English will continue changing in the future is easy to answer. (L55)
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