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Unit 3 How do you get to school?新课知识讲解与练习单词检测：名词：火车公交车地铁自行车六卜七十八十九十-百分钟公里小汽车；轿车车站；停止河；江村庄；村镇桥小船索道年；岁村民梦想；睡梦v.做梦动词：骑n旅行开车居住;生活横过；越过认为离开形容词：远；远的新的；刚出现的每每个许多害怕；惧怕真的；符合事实的介词：（表示方式）乘（交通工具）介于之间像；怎么样词组检测:到校,坐火车乘地铁.离开去某地on January 1,1988 / on April 18, 2002 / on May 31,1977on Monday morning / on Tuesday afternoon / on Wednesday eveningD. 表示持续段时间用介词“for。for + 一段时间：I lived in Qingdao for 15 years.E. 表示从一点时间到另一点时间的一个阶段用介词“from . to”1. from 9 oclock to 11 oclockF. after:在之后G. before 在.之前例题：1. We will play football three oclock.A. In B. After C. To D. since2. 7.Marie Curie,the first woman to win the Nobel Prize,was bornNovember;1867,in the city of Warsaw in Poland.A.atB.onC.inD.to3. The weather here is very hotsummer.A.atB.onC.inD.of4. When did the Shanghai Expo open?一May 1st, 2010.A. InB. OnC. AtD. By5. The car accident happeneda cold winter morning. Luckily, no one was hurt.A. inB. onC. atD. of大多数学生在一些地方乘坐校车担忧，担心一些乘汽车之行乘坐小船_不得不把.带到从.到想到（3想起骑自行车多远乘火车去上学乘船去上学和” ”不同花费某人某些时间去做某事去国外旅游大多数的汽车站回来步行去上学语法学习：语法归纳how引导的特殊疑问句1. how引导的特殊疑问句提问交通方式，其答语分三种情况a. take a/an/the+交通工具（单数）b. by+交通工具（单数）c. on/in+限定词+交通工具2. how far用来提问距离，多远，其答语分为两种：（1）用长度单位表示:It is five kilometers.（2）用时间表示:lt?s twenty minutes walk.3. how long用来提问时间，意为多久回答常用“for+段时气-How long have you learnt English?重点知识详解1. get表示“到达”，后接名词需加to,接地点副词不加to.reach给示到达，是及物动词，其后直接接宾语。arrive in+大地点arrive at +小地点后接副词不需介词。2. 四个花费：It takes sb some money/time to do sth.花费某人多少时间/钱做某事Sb pay some money for sth某人为某物花费多少钱Sb spend some time/money on sth某人在做某事或某物上花费时间/钱Sb spend some time/ money (in)doing sthSth cost sb some money某物花费某人多少钱3. have to后加动词原形，侧重客观的需要，有“不得不，被迫”之意，有多种时态形式，否定式为dont have to(needn*t)意为“不必。Must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务做某事，只有现在时一种形式，否定式mustt意为一定不要，不允许，禁止反意词为“neednt”。4. 交通方式的询问：How do you get to school ?回答：Sb. spend time/ money on sth/ in doing sth.Sb. pay money for sth物 cost sb. time/ money.6. 对于路程有多远的提问：How far is it from his home to school?回答：Its about 10 kilometers (away )from his home to school.重点、难点辨析： be far from, away from, from .to .far from, 离远 My school is far from my home.S 具体路程+away from, My school is 10 kilometers away from my home.frorrioo to, 从。至 lt,s 10 kilometers (away) from my school to my home.A +be + 路程距离 from +B, My school (A) is 10 kilometers from my home (B).7. 其它重要语言点 hundred , 注意： 几百几百 不用加 s,如，seven hundred; 303 名学生:three hundred and three studentsride的不同词性：ride作动词，骑（自行车、马等）；作名词，旅行，旅程（不可数）First, he rides his bicycle to the bus station. The bus ride usually takes about 25minutes. 一天三餐前一办不加冠词，但是若有形容词，那是指具体的某一顿饭或具体的饮食，可用冠词。 take sb/sth to +地点，把某人、某物送到。 think of = think about,认为.以为. what do you think of / about the trip? = How do you like the trip? mean作名词,means,方法，方式，手段,单复数同形，means of transportation,交通方式 North China,华北;North America,北美洲;the north of China ,中国北方,the north of America,美国北部 bus stop / bus station ; subway station, train station . bicycle = bike quick -quickly wait for等候,等待。wait at +地点,等在。考点总结：考点一：数词hundred的用法（thousand同hundred用法一样）用单数:这些词与具体数字连用时，习惯上用单数，而且也不后接介词of。如：There are two hundred students in our school.用复数:当这些词不与具体数字连用，而是表示不确定的泛指数时，则不仅要要用复数，而且要后接介词of,然后才能接名词。如:Hundred of people go to the beach every summer.例题：1. trees have been planted near here, so the air is very fresh.A. Two hundredsB. Hundred ofC. Hundreds ofD. Hundreds2. More than twoyears ago, people knew little about the universe.A. thousandsB. thousand C. thousand ofD. thousands of考点二：三个“花费的区别take: It takes/took sb. sometime t。do sth.（般是花费时间）.做某事花了某人多少时间spend: 主语（人）SDend/sDent + time/monev （in） doing sth. 或 吝 on sth.pay可用于表示花费金钱，主语是人pay （sb.） money for sth.付钱（给某人）买例题：1. om spent 200 yuanthis book.A . in B. on C. for D. with2. It willyou half an hour to walk there.I get / go to schoolon foot1 walkby bike1 ride a bikeby car1 drive a /my carby bus1 take a / the busby train1 take a/ the trainby plan/air1 take a/ the plan注意点：并不是所有都用take,也并不是所有都用by,注意四个方面 步行特殊的：walk = go .on foot, By car, by bike = drive a / my car, ride a / my bikeBy +交通工具无冠词，但ride a bike/ drive a car/ take a bus等必须有冠词a/the.除了介词by +交通工具外，还可以用on/ in +交通工具，on a bus, in a car, on my bike .回答：It takes me 30 minutes.）重点句型）5. 对于路程多久的提问：How long does it take ?重/难点辨析：花费take, spend, pay ,costIt takes sb time/ money to do sth.(有时态变化,过去式 took,)A . spend B. cost C. take D. pay1. How much did youfor this MP4, Sally? -1 got it for 800 yuan.A. payB. spend C. take D. cost4. Isome of my free time playing basketball for my school team.A. spendB.costC. takeD. pay考点三：关于How的特殊疑问句how old（年龄）多大问年龄How old are you?She is ten years old.how long/多长/问长度/一段时间How long is your ruler?The river is 15 miles.The meeting lasted for two hours.how big（体积）多大问大小How big is the elephant?My room is 25 sauare metres.how many多少（数量）问数量可数How many pencils do youhave?There are three people in my family.how much多少（价钱）多少（数量）问价钱问数量不可数How much is your shirt?My shirt is 10 dollars.There is little milk in the bottle.how far多远问路程How far is your school?Its about five mi/rt/tes walk.how fast多快问速度How fast can he skateboard.?She can run 10 miles au hour.考题：1.( )_is a ticker for the film Hacker He?About forty yuanA. How oldB. How many C. How muchD. How often2 do you live in Binzhou?For about ten years.A. How far B. How often C. How long D. How much考点四：固定句型：what do you think of sth.?What do you think of .?用来询问你对某人或某事的看法、态度等，译为一你认为/觉得某物/某人怎么样？相当于 How do you like .?肯定回答常用:I love it. /1 like it. / If cool.我喜欢/很酷。否定回答用：I can stand it. / It terrible. /1 don，like it.我无法忍受/太糟了/我不喜欢。中性回答用：I don，mind.我不介意，我不在乎。例如：What do you think of action movies? 你觉得动作片怎么样？Action movies? I love them so much,动作片？我很喜欢。How do you like sitcoms?你认为情景喜剧如何？-lean，stand them.我无法忍受。(言外之意我一点也不喜欢)例题：1. -What do youyour hometown? - I love it very much.A. look at B. talk about C. think ofD. like2. - How do you like the movie? -.A. Its wonderful B. What about you C. No, I dont like it D. Kd like to see it tomorrow考点五：区别cross和acrosscross是动词，“穿过，越过，渡过的意思。主要表示在物体表面上横穿。如横过马路、过桥、过江河湖等，与go across同义。有时可指画十字，划叉删去之意，。例如：Be careful when you cross the street.过马路时要小心。Cross (Go across )the bridge, and you will see a big building.过这座桥你就会看到一栋大楼。across是介词，across与go/walk等动词连用表示“穿过，越过，横穿”的意思。与cross基本同义，也是表示从物体表面经过。例如，Go across the road , you will find the post office on your left.横过这条公路，你会发现邮局就在你的左边。例题：用cross和across填空1. We mustthe road very carefully.2. Go the bridge and you will see the station.3.考点六：固定句型：It is +adj. +for sb. +to do sth.It is +adj.+for sb.+to do sth表示做某事对某人来说很怎么样(adj.)Its difficult of/for us to finish the work.It is important for/of you to study hard.例题：It is relaxing a happy time with our family or friends.(spend)考点七：固定结构：数词-名词-形容词如：a ten-year-old boy 个10岁大的男孩组成一个形容词，用来修饰名词比较：The boy is ten years old.这个男孩 10 岁了。例题：He isand he has ansister.A.ten years old ,8 -year-oldB. ten years old, 8 years oldA.ten-year-old ,8 -year-oldB. ten years old, 8 -year-old考点八：like作介词1. 用作动词(v.),意思为”爱，爱好，喜欢“，无进行时态，既表示对”人或者事物的真挚的感情”，又表示”对某事有着浓厚的兴趣、爱好后面可以接名词、代词、动名词或者不定式。如： My younger brother likes strawberries very much.我的小弟弟非常喜欢吃草荏。He likes swimming.2. 用作介词(prep.) , like前边一般情况下要有be,翻译成”像.”。如：The baby is like his mother. (=The baby looks like his mother.)这个小婴儿长得像他妈妈。例题：1. Do you likehousework?2.1playing basketball.A. am not like B. donzt like C. isnt D. likes考点九：thanks for.动词短语Thanks for的意思是 为而感谢你，它相当于Thank you for,介词for的后面可以用名词作宾语，也可以用动名词形式作宾语。例题：Thanks for （call）me.考点十：介词的用法目前学至U的介词有： in、 on、 at、to、from、 by、 with、for、 about、 after、 before, across, under, between介词是一种虚词，不能独立存在。它必须和随后的补足成分（乂称“介词宾语）一起构成介词短语，才能用于句中。介词宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词等。现分别举例如下：0介词+名词，例如：（go） by bus乘公共汽车（去）（play）in the park在公园里（玩）（come） on Sunday 星期天（来）0介词+代词，例如：（talk） to oneself对自己（说），自言自语 （a letter） for you 给你的（信）0介词+数词，例如：（cut sth） in two （把切）成两半0介词+动名词，例如:（a way） of doing that做那件事的（方式）be good at drawing pictures善于画画表示时间的介词A. 表示较长时间（长于一天或短于一天）如：年、年份、月份、季节、周、上午、下午、晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词“in。in 1996 / in 2002 / in 1847 （年份）in October / in February / in March （月份）in spring / in summer / in autumn / in winter （季节）B. 表示时间的某一点（或表示某时刻）如：钟点、年龄或其它的习惯用法中要用“at”。at ten oclock / at seven thirty.（表示某一钟点）at noon / at night / at midnight （在中午、晚上、半夜一天中相对短暂的时间）C. 表示某一天或者特定（某一天上下午）的时间用介词“on”。on Monday / on Tuesday / on Wednesday / on Fridayon January 1 / on April 18 / on May 31
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