中考复习英语说明性阅读理解专练

中考复习英语说明性阅读理解专练 叶邑镇中学九年级英语组 姚胜兰 AMany people keep small fish as pets. They keep them in a tank of water. The tank is made of clear glass. People can look through it. They can see inside the tank and watch the fish.The fish need room. They must not be crowded. Fish need oxygen(O2) to breathe. Fish get it from water in the tank. There must be enough water for all fish. So the size of the tank is important.In the tank many people put small plants that are good for fish. They give oxygen to the water. Plants help in other ways, too. Fish can nibble（轻咬）on the plants. They hide among the plants and sleep, lay eggs there.The plants need light. Most fish need light too. The tank may be put near a window. It will get light there. Another place might be better, though. A window may let cold air in. The water in the tank may get too cold. The fish may die because cold water can kill them. So can hot water. The temperature must be just right.The fish must be kept in water all the time. Some fish can jump high. They may jump out of the tank. The tank should be covered. This keeps the fish from jumping out.The fish need food and they should be fed every day. Giving them too much food is bad. The extra food will fall to the bottom and make the water dirty. However, the fish should get just enough food. They should finish the food in 10 minutes. Nothing should be left. When this happens, the amount of food is right. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填人题前括号内。( ) 1. A tank near the window may NOT be good for pet fish because _. A. no air can get in through the window B. pet fish will jump out of the window C. plants in the tank will grow too big D. cold air may make the water too cold ( ) 2. _ is the least important to pet fish. A. Water temperature B. Sunlight C. The amount of food D. The size of the tank ( ) 3. Which of the following may cause pet fish to die? A. Too little room for fish. B. The plants in the tank. C. The light through the window. D. A lot of water in the tank. ( ) 4. The word “this” in the last paragraph refers to _. A. giving pet fish too much food B. giving pet fish too little food C. giving pet fish the right amount of food D. giving pet fish neither too cold nor too hot water ( ) 5. This passage mainly talks about _. A. why fish must be put in a glass tank B. how people should keep their pet fish C. what kind of plants is good for pet fish D. how much food should be given to pet fish 参考答案 15 D B A C C B Leaves are natures food factories. Plants take water from the ground through their roots. They take a gas called carbon dioxide(CO2) from the air. Plants use sun light to turn water and CO2 into glucose. Glucose is a kind of sugar. Plants use glucose as food for energy to grow. The way plants turn water and CO2 into glucose is called photosynthesis. That means putting together with light. ” A chemical called chlorophyll helps make photosynthesis happen. Chlorophyll is green. It gives plants their green color. As summer ends and autumn comes, the days get shorter and shorter. This is how the trees know to begin getting ready for winter. During winter, there is not enough light or water for photosynthesis. The trees will rest, and live on the food they have stored during the summer. They be gin to close their foodmaking factories. The green chlorophyll disappears from the leaves. Then, we begin to see yellow and orange colors. A few of these colors stay in the leaves all the time. We just cant see them in the summer, because they are covered up by the green chlorophyll.Red and purple colors we see in leaves are made mostly in the autumn. In some trees, like maples, glucose is stored in the leaves after photosynthesis stops. Sunlight and the cool nights of autumn turn this glucose into red. The brown color of trees like oaks is made from wastes left in the leaves. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填人题前括号内。( ) 1. The word chlorophyll in the first paragraph means_in Chinese. A. 葡萄糖 B. 氧气 C. 胡萝卜素 D. 叶绿素( ) 2. Where is CO2 from? A. Ground. B. Roots. C. Sunlight. D. Air.( ) 3. The way _ is called photosynthesis. A. plants get CO2 from the air B. plants take water from the ground C. plants turn water and CO2 into glucose D. plants use glucose as food for energy to grow( ) 4. Red and purple colors in leaves are made mostly in _. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. Winter( ) 5. _ in the leaves changes into red color in autumn. A. Sunlight B. Glucose C. Water D. Chlorophy 参考答案 15 D D C C B C Like all insects, ants have six legs. Each leg has three joints(关节). The legs of an ant are very strong so they can run very quickly. If a man could run as fast for his size as an ant can, he could run as fast as a horse. Ants can lift 20 times their own body weight. The life of an ant is usually 4540 days. Ants use their antennae(触角) not only for touch, but also for their sense of smell. The head of an ant has a pair of large, strong jaws. The jaws open and shut sideways like a pair of scissors. Grown-up ants cannot eat hard food. Instead they have the juice that they get from pieces of food. They throw away the dry part that is left over. An ant has two eyes. Each eye is made up of many smaller eyes. They are called compound eyes. An ant has two stomachs. One stomach holds the food for itself and the other is for food to be shared with other ants. Like all insects, the outside of their body is hard. Each ant group has at least one or more queens. The job of a queen is to lay eggs and worker ants look after them. Worker ants look after the young, protect the nest from unwanted visitors and look for food. At night worker ants move the eggs and baby ants deep into the nest to protect them from the cold. During the daytime, worker ants move the eggs and babies to the top of the nest so that they can be warmer. Each group of ants has its own smell. In this way, visitors can be made out at once. If a worker ant has found where the food is, it leaves a special smell so that the other ants in the group can find the food. Ants are clean and tidy insects. Some worker ants are given the job of taking the rubbish from the nest and putting it outside in a special rubbish dump! Many people dont like ants, but I do. To stop them coming into my kitchen, I put some sugar outside. They have so much to eat that they are not interested in coming into my kitchen. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填人题前括号内。( ) 1. Ants can run very quickly because _. A. they have six legs B. they are light in weight C. their legs are strong D. their legs have three joints( ) 2. The antennae of the ants are used to _. A. open and shut sideways B. move and watch C. get and eat food D. touch and smell ( ) 3. According to the passage, ants _. A. eat up all the food B. share food with others C. have pairs of scissors D. can live for three months( ) 4. The word compound means _ in Chinese. A. 明亮的 B. 柔弱的 C. 模糊的 D. 复合的( ) 5. A worker ant does NOT _. A. lay eggs B. clean their nest C. look for food D. look after baby ants 参考答案 15 C D B D A DThe Sydney Opera House is a very famous building in the world. It has become Sydneys best-known landmark and international symbol. The Opera House with a sailing roof was designed by a famous Danish architect (丹麦建筑大师),Utzon. The base for the building was started in 1959, years before the designs were finished. Utzon spent four years designing the Opera House. In 1962, the designs were finalized (定稿) and the construction began. In 1967, they started the decoration inside. It took 14 years in total tobuild the Opera House. Queen Elizabeth II officially opened it on October 20th, 1973. The Sydney Opera House cost around $100 million and was paid for by the public. 6,225square meters of glass was used to build it. The Opera House includes 1,000 rooms. It is 185 meters long and 120 meters wide. The buildings roof sections weigh about 15 tons. Each year, this fantastic building attracts 200,000 tourists to come for a visit or enjoy events in it. The Opera House reaches out into the harbor. It is amazing and unforgettable, offering people a strong sense of beauty. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填人题前括号内。( ) 1. The designer of the Sydney Opera House was from _. A. America B. Australia C. England D. Denmark( ) 2. Building the Sydney Opera House lasted_. A. from 1959 to 1973 B. from 1962 to 1973 C. from 1959 to 1967 D. from 1962 to 1967( ) 3. The underlined word construction means _ in Chinese. A.创立 B.设计 C. 施工 D. 竣工( ) 4. _ paid for the cost of the building of the Sydney Opera House. A. Utzon B. The public C. Queen Elizabeth II D. The government ( ) 5. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Sailing Roof B. Travelling in Sydney C. The Sydney Opera House D. The Opening of the Opera House 参考答案 15 D A C B C E Height is just one of the thousands of features your genes（基因）decide. In fact, because you have two parents, your genes provide you a height that usually lands somewhere between the height of each parent. If both your parents are tall, then most probably you will be tall, too. But if you have questions about how tall youre going to be, ask your doctor if he or she can help you find it out.But genes dont decide everything. For example, eating an unhealthy diet can keep you from growing to the expected height. But getting enough sleep and exercise will meet your need.It s certain that youre wondering how fast you should grow. It depends. Theres no perfect or right answer. Generally speaking, kids grow about 2 inches（6 cm）a year between age 3 and the time when they start adolescence.Dont be scared if you seem to have grown a lot in a very short time. Everyone has a time to grow fastest during adolescence. The age for starting adolescence is about lo for girls and about 11 for boys. But it can be earlier or later-between 7 and 13 for girls and 9 and 15 for boys.Youll usually begin to notice that youre growing faster about a year or so after your body starts to show the first changes of adolescence. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填人题前括号内。( ) 1. What does the underlined word “adolescence” mean in Chinese? A. 婴幼儿时期 B. 童年时期 C. 学生期 D. 青春时期( ) 2. If you want to know how fast and how tall you should grow, _. A. you should eat a healthy diet B. you should have enough sleep C. you can seek medical help from a doctor D. you should have enough exercise( ) 3. This passage is mainly about _. A. how the genes work in your body B. how you grow to a certain height C. when is the time you grow fast D. why you look like your parents( ) 4. After reading this passage, we can explain _. A. why genes cant decide everything B. how good it is to be a doctor C. how much sleep time we need D. what healthy diet is ( ) 5. Which of the following sentences is NOT right according to the passage? A. You. may be anxious sometimes when you grow too fast. B. Boys age for starting adolescence is usually later than that for girls. C. The time showing the first changes of adolescence is seldom noticed. D. Your height most likely has something to do with how high your parents are. 参考答案 15 D C B A C F In the mid 1990s, people started doing business on the internet. At that time, there were two kinds of companies. First, there were traditional companies. They sold things in stores. Then, there were internet companies. They didnt have a store, and they only sold things on the net. Traditional companies didnt want to lose any business. Quickly, they made their own websites and began selling things on the net. These are the so-called “brick and click” companies. Many stores are made of brick, and you click on your mouse to buy things with your computer. Thats where the name “brick and click” comes from. By the late 1990s, e-businesses like A, B, and eT were in trouble. Their profits were not very high. Competition was fierce(激烈的) and many of these businesses were losing a lot of money. In 2000, many e-businesses went out of business. Why are brick and click companies, like Barnes and Noble, Toys R Us, and Walmart so successful? Frist, many customers know and trust their names. Their websites, like , are easy to remember. These companies also have a lot of experience. They know how to run a successful business. In the world of e-commerce, companies are fighting for every dollar and every customer. Will brick and click companies win the war? Only time will tell. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填人题前括号内。( ) 1. What did many traditional companies do in the mid 1990s? A. They went out of business. B. They made websites. C. They bought internet companies. D. They sold their computers.( ) 2. Which would be a brick and click company? A. A clothing company with no website. B. A bookseller with five stores and an internet site. C. A video seller with a big website but no stores. D. A restaurant.( ) 3. What gave internet companies a lot of trouble in the late 1990s? A. There was a lot of competition. B. Their websites were bad. C. They didnt know what to sell. D. Their profits were high.( ) 4. People like buying from brick and click companies because_. A. their names are hard to remember B. they have nice websites C. they are cheap D. people trust them( ) 5. What does “win the war” mean? A. Quit doing business and become a soldier. B. Lose the most customers. C. Be the most successful. D. Win a game. 参考答案 15 B B A D C GThere have been many great inventions or things that changed the way we live. The first great invention was the one that is still very important todaythe wheel. This made it easier to carry heavy things and to travel long distance.For hundreds of years after that there were few inventions that as much effect as the wheel . Then in the early 1800s the world started to change. There was little unknown land left in the world. People didnt have to explore much any more. They began to work instead to make life better.In the second half of the 19th century many great inventions were made. Among them were the camera, the light and the radio. These all play a big part in our daily life today.The first part of the 20th century saw more great inventions. The helicopter in 1909, movies with sound in 1926, the computer in 1928, jet planes in 1930. This was also a time when a new material was first made. Nylon came out in 1935. It changed the kind of clothes people wore.The middle part of the 20th century brought new ways to help people get over diseases. They worked very well. They made people healthier and allowed them to live longer. By the 1960s most people could expect to live to be at least 60.By this time most people in developed countries had a very good life. Of course new inventions continued to be made. But man now had a desire to explore again. The earth was known to man but the stars were not. Man began looking for ways to go into space. Russia made the first step. Then United States took a step. Since then other countries , including China and Japan, have made their own steps into space.In 1969 man took his biggest step away from earth. Americans first walked on the moon. This is certainly just a beginning, though. New inventions will some day allow us to do things we have never yet dreamed of. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填人题前括号内。( )1. This passage talks mainly about . A. why cars were very important B. when light was invented C. how inventions affect peoples daily life D. which country made the first step into space( ) 2. According to the passage man didnt have a desire to explore a lot . A. at the beginning of 1800s B. in the 1960s C. since the 1900s D. from the 1800s to 1960s( ) 3. In the 1800s, people began to work in order to make A. explorations B. their life better C. discoveries D. a trip to space( ) 4. Nylon came out of five years later than . A. radio B. camera C. jet planes D. movies( ) 5. People can live longer lives because that help cure diseases have worked very well. A. doctors B. new ways C. medicines D. new hospitals 参考答案 15 C A B C B HAre you interested in country music?I like it very much !It will take me away for a while after I am tired .The guitars and songs will take me to mountains and fields.Country music usually talks of everyday life and feelings.Its the spirit of America ,easy to understand ,slow and simple.Country music developed in the Southern United States.It was the folk music of American countryside.Many of songs tell about the lives of famers .They talk about love,crops or death.The life of the countryside can be hard,so the words in country music are often sad.At first,people played the music only at family parties.But it became more popular later.In the 1920s,people played country songs on the radio,and they made them into records.When people in the countryside moved to towns and cities to look for work,they took their music with them.Country music continued to change and became popular across America.John Denver was one of Americas most famous country singers in the 1970s.His song “Take Me home,Country Roads”is well-known and people still play it today. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填人题前括号内。( )1. Country music is usually about _. A. everyday life and feelings B. farmerss feelingsC. the lives of workers( )2. Country music developed _. A. in John Denvers city B. in the Southern United States C. in the Northem United States( )3. People bagan to make country song records in _. A. the 1920s B. 1920 C. the 1970s( )4. Why did Country music become popular in America? A. Because city people liked the music. B. Because farmers moved to cities with their music and it continued to change. C. Because country music talked about city peoples lives.( )5. Who is famous for the song “Take Me Home,Country Roads”? A. A farmer in the countryside. B. A person who moved to towns C. John Denver. 参考答案 15 B B A B C I Every morning, the newspaper chief editor holds a meeting with t