形容词和副词讲解及练习

形容词和副词讲解及练习形容词和副词讲解一、形容词用来修饰名词， 表示人或事物的性质、 状态和特征的词，叫形容词。形容词的作用，见下表：作用例句定语You can see a lot of beautiful flowers in the garden.表语Your coat is too small.宾语补足The old woman keeps everythingclean and tidy.语注意：有些形容词只能作表语，如：alone,afraid,asleep等。例如：Dontwakethesleepingbabyup.Heisasleep.Theoldmanisalone.形容词用来修饰something,anything,nothing, everything 等不定代词，要放在这些词的后面。例如：Youd better tell us something intere sting.The police found nothing strange in the room.多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是：1）冠词或人称代词 2）数词 3）性质 4）大小 5）形状 6）表示老少，新旧 7）颜色 8）事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。例如：His grandpa still lives in this small s hort house.他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。形容词名词化：有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词，表示一类人，谓语常用复数。 这类词有：rich/ealthypoor;good/ ill; living/ bad ; / deadyoung / ; blackold ; h / white(表示人种等)。例如：Theyoungshouldtakegoodcareoftheold.年轻人应该好好照顾老人。表示数量的词组 。如：earsOne old,day, acameyoung to visitman, thetwenty-five professor.yI liveina buildingaboutfiftymetershigh.形容词短语做定语时要后置 。如：Theyare thestudentseasyto teach.else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。如： Did yousee anybodyelse?二、副词英语中副词的位置和汉语不尽相同， 它的位置比较灵活。通常用作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等。下面来介绍一下副词的分类方法：多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。如：We are livinghappily.He runsslowly.时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。如：Theywentto theparkyesterdaymorning.He drovethe jeepcarefully.注意： 有时表示时间的副词也可放在句首，起强调作用。如：YesterdayI gotup late.频度副词一般放在be 动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后，实义动词之前如： He is seldomill. 他很少生病。You must always remember this. 你一定要记住这一点。注意： 有时为了加强语气，频度副词也可放在句首。如：Sometimesshegoestoschoolbybusandsometimesshegoestoschoolby bike. 有时她乘公共汽车上学，有时骑自行车去。程度副词修饰动词时， 与频度副词相同， 修饰形容词和副词时，放在它所修饰的词前面。如： Thatsquiteearly. 那很早。I nearly missed the bus. 我几乎错过了公交车。否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词 be 或助动词之后。如：She seldomgoesoutat night.疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首 。如：Whencanyoucome?关系副词 when, where, why 引导定语从句时，位于从句之前、所修饰的词之后。如：Tell me the reasonwhyyoudidit.同时存在时间状语和地点状语时， 时间状语一般放在后面。如：The meeting will be held in the clas sroom tomorrow.注：有些词既可用做形容词也可副词。如：late,wide,well,fast,easy,early等The roadissowidethat8 busescan go throwitatatime.Openyourmouthwide.三、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下：1) 符合规则的：情况加法例词一般情况直接加 -er ; -esttall-taller-tallest以 e 结尾的词加r ; -stnice-nicer-nicest以“辅音 +y”结尾的词dry-drier-driest变 y 为 i 再加 -er ; -estheavy-heavier-heaviest以一个辅音字母结尾的辅音字母双写， 再加 -er ;词thin-thinner-thinnest-est多音节和部分双音节单more delicious在词前加 more ; most词most delicious2）几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表：原级比较级最高级good , wellbetterbestbad , illworseworstmany , muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther / furtherfarthest / furthest形容词和副词比较级的用法级比较程度表达方式和意义例句备注别肯Art isas interestin定As+原级 +asg as music.原同形(像一样)Play as wellas yo等式u can.程否not + so (as) +原Englishis not so d级度定ifficultas science.级 +as形She does not study(不如那样 )式so well as I do.Jim isolder比较级比than不同程度比较级 +thanLuky.前面可较以加(比 )级（用于两者比较）I like pork better tmuch, fhan beef.ar, even, still,a lot, alittle,a bit 等Heisgrowingtalle比较级 +and+ 比较级r andtaller.（越来越）Hestudies better a程度加深The +比较级， thendbetter.+比较级The more books sh（越 ,越）e reads, the bettershe understand.Springisthe副 词 最最最高程度The +最高级 +of (ibestseason ofthe高 级 前高 （用于三者或三者以n)year.LinTao面的 the级上）(最 )jumped (t往 往 省he) farthestof all.略注意：有些形容词，如 dead, empty, rou nd, sure, woolen 等受本身含义的限制，没有比较级。形容词和副词练习题1. He is _friendsthanI.A. much more B. many more C. very more D. too more解析： 后面有可数名词复数时， many 的比较级形式为 many more 修饰。2. Which is the _ country, J apan or Australia?A. more developed B. more developingC.mostdevelopedD.mostdeveloping解析：两者比较用比较级，表示发达用 developed, 而 developing 是 发展中的 意思3 Therewere_shopsin thecityin 1982 thanin 1990.A. littleB. fewC. fewerD. less解析： little 不能修饰可数名词，两者比较需用比较级4. If you are not free today, come a nother day _.A. too B. so C. instead D. yet解析：instead 作副词用时意为 代替，顶替 ， 表示前面的事情没做， 而是做了后面的事。 Instead 一般位于句首。5He canttellus _,I think.A. important anything B. anything i mportantC. important something D. something important.解析：不定代词与形容词联用需后置，否定句中应该用 anything 而不是 something. 因此6. The Huang River is the second _ river in our country.A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest解析： 定冠词 the+ 序数词 + 形容词最高级 表示第几大 7. The light in the office wasnt _for him to read.A. enough bright B. bright enough C. brightly D. enough brightly解析： enough修饰名词时可前可后，修饰形容词或副词时，要后置。8. There was an accident at the corn er. _, the girl wasnt _hurt.A. luckily,badlyB. luck,hardlyC.Lucky,heavilyD. Lucky,strongly解析：第一空修饰全句需用副词，第二空修饰形容词 hurt 也要用副词9. You must keep your eyes _ when you do eye exercises.A. close B. open C. closed D., opened解析 : 此处需用形容词做宾语补足语。10. Five days has passed , but I hav ent finished half of the work. _,A. alreadyB. stillC. tooD. yet解析：already 与 yet 都可用于现在完成时态。 Already 常用于肯定句， 而 yet 常用与否定句。练习与巩固选择最佳答案填空：1. Dontworry,sir.ImsureI canrun _to catchup withthem.A. slowlyenoughB. enoughslowlyC. fastenoughD. enoughfast2. The textis veryeasyforyou.There are _newwordsin it.A. a fewB. a littleC. few D. little3. Itssuchan _filmthatallthestudentsare _in it.A. interesting;interestedB. interested;interestingC. interesting;interestingD. interested;interested;interested4. Mingminggotup very_,sohe cameto schoolhalfan hour_.A. late;latelyB. lately;lateC. lately; latelyD. late;late5. I am _ worried about y pa rents healthy conditions.A. some times B. sometime C. sometimesD.sometimes6.Wedonthave_everyday.A. a lotof schoolworksB. manyschoolworkC. anyschoolworksD. much schoolwork7. -Look!Howfastthe twohorsesare running!-Oh, yes!Theyare nearly_.A. upanddownB. slowerandslower C. moreor lessD. neckandneck8. _ children there are in family,_ their life will be.A. The less; the better B. The fewer; the better C. Fewer; richer D. More; poorer9. Most of the people in Guangdong are getting _.A. moreh andmoreandmorerichB. morericrichC. richerandricherD.richerandrichest10. Whichlessonis _,thisone or thatone?A. difficultB. muchdifficultC. more difficultD. themostdifficult11. A _ accident happened at 7:30 a.m. said the policeman _.A. serious, serious B. seriously, seriouslyC. seriously,seriousD. serious,seriously12. _is itfromourschoolto LupuBridge?A. HowlongB. HowoftenC. Howfar D. Howmuch13. In our city, it is _ in July, but it is even _ in August.A. hotter; hottest B. hot; hot C. hot ter; hot D. hot; hotter14. This pencil is _ that one.A. so long as B. as longer as C. longerthanD. notas longestas15. The station is two kilometers _ the hospital.A. away to B. far away C. far from D. away from16. Beijing has _ many buses that there is often a traffic jam in rush h ours.A. so B. veryC. tooD. much17. This box is _ heavy _ I cant carry it.A. too,to B. so,thatC. very,thatD. too,that18. India has the second _ po pulation in the world.A. larger B. most C. smallest D. largest19. Mary received _ many po stcards at Christmas.A. so B. such C. too D. even20. The cake smells _. Please t hrow it away.A. good B. badly C. bad D. well21. - What was the weather like yesterday?- It wasterrible.It rainedso_ thatpeoplecould_go out.A. hardlyhardB. hardlyhardlyC. hardhardlyD. hardhard22. The meetingwillbe heldinhalfan hour,buttheyhaventgoteverythingready_.A. everB. alreadyC. yet D. still23. - WhatabouttheEnglishnovel?- Its not very difficult. There are o nly _ new words in it.A. few B. a few C. many D. a littleer24. Howbeautifulshesings!Ivenevheard_.A. thebettervoiceB. a goodvoiceC. thebestvoiceD. a bettervoice25. Mr Smithalwayshas_to tellus.A. somegoodpiecesof newsB. some piecesofgoodnewsC.somegoodpieceof newsD. somepieceof goodnew26. Im afraid the headmaster is _ busy to meet the visitors.A. too much B. much too C. so mu ch D. very much27. - Dad , when will you be free? Y ou agreed to go to the seaside with me four days ago.- I am sorry,Jean.ButI thinkI will havea _holidaysoon.A. four-daysB. four-dayC. fourdays D. fourday28. The sceneryin Sanyalooks_,especiallyTianYa HaiJiaois _.A, well,bestB. fine,the mostfamous C. nice,betterD. beautifully,thebest29. Whata _dayit is!Letsgo outfora walk.A. windyB. lovelyC. rainyD.cloudy30. Of thetwo.Australianstudents,Mashais _one.I thinkyoucanfindher easily.A,tallestB,thetallerC. tallerD. the tallest