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2020学年人教版英语精品资料Section_Grammar_&_Writing动词ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语一、动词ing形式作表语1表示主语的内容时，可以转换到句首作主语。Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.(Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.)她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。Her duty is taking care of the babies.(Taking care of the babies is her duty.)照看婴儿是她的职责。2表示主语的某种性质和特征时，通常可以看作形容词。The problem is quite puzzling.这个问题很令人困惑。The film we saw last night was very moving.我们昨晚看的那部电影非常感人。点津常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。二、动词ing形式作定语1表示名词的属性、作用或用途。We are not allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.在阅览室里我们不准大声说话。There is a swimming pool in our school.我们学校有一个游泳池。2表示所修饰的名词的动作或状态，相当于一个定语从句。The boy studying ( who is studying) in the classroom is our monitor.在教室学习的那个男孩是我们的班长。Well have an exam in the coming week.下周我们将进行一次考试。3当分词单独作定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语作定语，则放在该名词后。They lived in a house facing south ( which faces south)他们住在一所朝南的房子里。Do you know the boy playing basketball ( who is playing basketball)?你认识在打篮球的那个男孩吗？4用于with复合结构中。I couldnt do my homework with the noise going on.由于噪声不断，我没法做家庭作业。With so many people looking at her, she felt nervous.这么多人看着她，她感到很紧张。1(北京高考改编) Last night, there were millions of people watching(watch)the opening ceremony live on TV.(山东高考改编)There is a note pinned to the door saying (say) when the shop will open again.三、动词ing形式作宾语补足语动词ing形式作宾语补足语时，与宾语之间是主谓关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。它主要用于以下两类动词后作宾语补足语。1表示感觉和心理状态的动词(词组)，如see, hear, feel, smell, watch, find, listen to, look at, notice, observe等。When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house.我们回来的时候，发现一个陌生人站在房子前。Suddenly we heard someone knocking gently on the window. 忽然我们听见有人在轻轻地敲窗户。点津在see, hear, feel, watch 等感官动词后，既可用动词ing形式作宾语补足语，也可用省略to 的不定式作宾语补足语。用动词ing形式时，表示动作正在进行；用省略to 的不定式时，表示动作经过从开始到结束的全过程。I saw a boy getting on the bus.(表示动作正在进行)我看见一个男孩在上公共汽车。I saw a boy get on the bus.(表示动作完成了)我看见一个男孩上了公共汽车。2表示指使意义的使役动词，常见的有：have, let, keep, get, leave 等。We kept the fire burning all night long.我们让火整夜燃烧着。I wont have you running about in the room.我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。2(四川高考改编)The manager was satisfied to see many new products developed (develop) after great effort.(全国卷改编)They use computers to keep the traffic running (run) smoothly.用所给词的适当形式填空1Cleaning (clean) women in big cities usually get paid by the hour.2When he woke up, he found himself lying (lie) in hospital.3The man wearing (wear) a sad look said, “Ive lost my wallet.”4There was a terrible noise following (follow) the sudden burst of light.5In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet pointing (point) at another person.6Phoebe received an email the other day saying (say) her uncle was coming to visit her.7The music they are playing sounds so boring (bore)8His concern for his mother is touching (touch).完成句子1I found the girl playing_the_piano (正在弹钢琴) when I came in.2The_girl_(who_is)_standing_there (站在那儿的那个女孩) will sing us a song.3His job is looking_after_the_patients (照顾病人)4We kept the lights burning_all_night_long (整夜亮着)5The old woman washing_the_dishes (正洗餐具) is my grandmother.故事类文章(福建高考)假定你是某中学生英语报的小记者，以下漫画内容是你的所见所闻，请根据要求写一篇英语短文投稿。内容要求：1描述漫画内容；2.发表个人感想。注意：1短文标题与开头已给出，不计入总词数；2考生可适当发挥，使文章内容充实、连贯；3词数：100左右；4文中不能出现考生的具体信息。 参考词汇：告示牌signMind Your Behavior in Public PlacesLast Sunday, I went sightseeing with my friends in the Fairy Lake Park._Mind Your Behavior in Public PlacesLast Sunday, I went sightseeing with my friends in the Fairy Lake Park. The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring, with the sun shining and birds singing. When I was enjoying the fantastic scenery around, something unpleasant caught my eye. A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world. Whats worse, they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake, totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby. What a shame!Such behavior left me deep in thought. If all visitors to the Fairy Lake Park do as the couple did, the lake will be severely polluted and soon turned into a huge dustbin. I think all of us should mind our behavior in public places. Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.本文是一篇记叙文，记叙自己的所见所感，故用第一人称，时态以一般过去时态为主，其他时态为辅。第一段：简要描述公园的景色，重点描写湖中两个人的所作所为与湖边告示牌的内容。第二段：发表个人感想。亮点一：本篇文章要点全面、逻辑性强，句与句之间使用了正确的连接词；还运用了一些高级表达，行文流畅、逻辑性强是本文的一大亮点。亮点二：使用了高级句型with复合结构“with the sun shining and birds singing”；使用了衔接句“Whats worse” 以及现在分词短语“totally ignoring the noticeable sign .” 作伴随状语；倒装句“Only in this way can we live in more comfortable .” 的使用也是本文的亮点。以上句式都给文章增彩不少。如何写故事类文章故事类文章属于记叙文文体。这种文体相对来说常见易写。不过在写作过程中一些技巧需要灵活地掌握和运用：1要把握住记叙文的六个要素，即时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原因(why)和结果(how)。把握好这六个要素，写故事性记叙文就成功了一半。2要把握故事性记叙文的结构。在文章开头要交代故事发生的时间、地点和人物，然后写事件的原因及发展过程，最后写结果。同时在结尾处要尽量自然，点明文章主题。并且要有一条线索贯穿全文，使整个文章融为一体。3要把握好人称。在写此类文章时通常用第一人称或第三人称。4要注意时态的运用。在故事写作过程中，一般用过去时态。在描写背景或景象时，常用过去进行时，这样显得更加形象生动。5要润色简单句，增加过渡性词汇，使文章前后通顺自然，成为一个有机整体。1long long ago, long ago, once upon a time, many years ago, one day, one afternoon/morning/evening2There was /were .3sb. be fond of ./like/love .very much4. .known as ./named ./called ./whose name was ./with the name of .5When he heard ./On hearing ./As soon as he heard ./When the news reached .6When he saw this ./At the sight of ./Seeing this .7He was doing . when ./He was about to do .when ./He had done .when .8then, suddenly, hardly .when ., no sooner .than ., not until .请阅读下面图画，按要求用英语写一篇词数为100左右的短文。内容要求：1描述画面；2概述其含义；3谈谈个人感想。注意：1短文开头已给出，不计入总词数；2可适当发挥，使文章内容充实、行文连贯；3文中不能出现考生的具体信息。参考词汇：凿，钻boreIn the picture，_参考范文：In the picture, we can see a boy in worn clothes, sitting at a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it. A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was absorbed in his reading.This is a wellknown story from an ancient Chinese idiom. The boy, being poor, couldnt afford even a candle, so he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbors house to read at night. The moral of the story is: spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be.Of course, things are totally different today. It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts. Hard work pays off. We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.
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