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青岛函授班04级轮机英语作业与复习题 Name_I.Choose the best answer Lesson 11.A charge of fresh air is drawn into the engine cylinder and then by the moving piston very high pressure.A. pressed/toB. pressurized/withC. pushed/inD. compressed/to2.As a heat engine, energy is the source of power by which the diesel engine can be operated.A. electricB. heatC. mechanicalD. exhaust3.During the suction stroke, the piston is moving .A. inwardsB. outwardsC. downwardsD. upwards4.During working, when the piston is near the , the air ignites the fine spray of fuel.A. TDCB. DTCC. BDCD. BCD5. Fuel injected into a diesel engines cylinder is ignited by .A. the heat compressed fuel/air mixture in the cylinderB. the fuel igniter B. the fuel injector D. the fuel pump6. In an ordinary diesel engine the fuel injection begins .A. A. after TDCB. before TDCC. after BDCD. before BDC7. In four strokes engine, the cycle of events is completed in four strokes of .A. the cylinderB. the crankshaftC. the pistonD. the cross-head8. In the four-stroke engine, it takes to make one power stroke.A. one propulsionB. two propulsionsC. two revolutionsD. one revolution9. In the two-stroke engine, each revolution of makes one power or working stroke.A. the turning gearB. the turbo-chargerC. the crankshaftD. the compressor10. In the two-stroke engine, inefficient scavenging and other losses reduce to about 1.8.A. the output B. the oil flow C. the diameterD. the power advantage11. In todays practice, with cylinders of equal diameter of bore and equal revolutions, the two-cycle engine delivers a power about 80 percent than that of the four-stroke one.A. greaterB. smallerC. better D. less12. Since the burning or combustion takes place within the engine itself, the engine is know as .A. a fire-tube boilerB. an internal combustion engineC. an external combustion engineD. an internal combustion generator13. The abbreviation TDC means .A. top dead centerB. temperature difference centerC. time delay clockD. top diesel company14. The burning of the fuel adds more heat to the air charge, causing it to expand and force the engine piston to do work on the which in turn drives the ships propeller.A. crank-pinB. crankshaftC. crankcaseD. camshaft15. The burning of the fuel adds more heat to the air charge, causing it to expand force the engine piston do work on the crankshaft. What does “it” mean in this sentence?A. the burningB. the fuelC. the air chargeD. the engine piston16. The burnt gases force the piston to do work on the crankshaft which drives the ships propeller.A. in turnB. turn inC. in turnsD. turns in17. The diesel engine is a type of .A. turbine engineB. gas turbineC. steam engineD. internal combustion engine18. The diesel engine is a type of internal combustion engine which ignites the fuel by injecting in into hot, high pressure air in a .A. air bottleB. air compressorC. crank caseD. combustion chamber19. The distance from TDC to BDC of the diesel engine is called .A. gapB. clearanceC. radiusD. stroke20. The energy for pushing this piston up can be supplied from , so that the piston can keep moving up and down.A. the same pistonB. the piston nearbyC. the other pistonsD. the generators on board21. The four strokes are called suction, compression, expansion and exhaust, but only stroke provides the power to drive the ship.A. suctionB. compressionC. expansionD. exhaust22. The fresh air coming in through the inner air ports, is compressed by to a higher pressure.A. the cylinder headB. the cross-headC. the moving pistonD. the stationary piston23. The fuel injector injects a fine spray of fuel into the hot air and combustion ,producing much high pressure in the gases.A. has begunB. takes placeC. occursD. happensL.2-31. A is the foundation of the engine, without the support of which the shaft alignment in particular, and engine structure as a whole, would inevitably be lost.A. FrameB. BedplateC. CylinderD. Liner2. of the A-frames there is a strong cast iron frame called the scavenging air box.A. At the topB. At the bottomC. In the topD. In the bottom3. are mounted on and bolted to the bed-plate cross girders.A. The crankshaftB. The crankcaseC. The guide-waysD. The frames4. is secured by means of side-chock bolts and end-chock bolts.A. The bedplateB. The column C. The main bearingD. The double bottom5. A cast steel strong back is fitted in way of the combustion space to help absorb .A. flame temperatureB. fuel oilC. air movementD. gas forces6. A-frames and cylinder block is held together by to form a rigid structure.A. connecting rodsB. piston rodsC. tie rodsD. jack-bolts7. At the top of the A-frames there is a strong cast iron frame called .A. cylinder linerB. cylinder coverC. the gear boxD. the scavenging box8. Bedplates are the of the engine, without the support of which the shaft alignment in particular, and engine structure as a whole, would inevitably be lost.A. hullB. projectionC. graphiticationD. foundation. Fix the fuel injector into after repair.A. the cylinder linerB. the cylinder coverC. the cylinder jacketD. the piston. In each cylinder cover is a large central opening for mounting .A. the indicating cockB. the starting valveC. air inlet valveD. the exhaust valve9. In each cylinder cover there are two or three holes for .A. the cylinderB. the crankshaftC. the pistonD. the cross-head10. In the part of the cylinder liner inside the scavenging air box there is a series of openings known as .A. scavenging air portsB. exhaust portsC. fuel valvesD. indicator cocks11. On top of scavenging air box is mounted a strong cast iron frame for each cylinder known as .A. cooling jacketB. cylinder linerC. piston crownD. cylinder cover12. Such an engine frame helps the engine and so protect the bearings from the deformation forces transmitted via the ships double bottom.A. to stiffenB. to softenC. to loosenD. to wear13. The chamber is enclosed between the cylinder head and piston.A. lubricationB. injectionC. coolingD. combustion14. The bedplate is of fabricated design and consists of two I-shaped longitudinal girders with transverse member into which the cast steel bearing housing are welded. Whats the meaning of “members” in the sentence above?A. bed-platesB. girdersC. bearing housingsD. consists15. The bed-plate is secured in the longitudinal direction by means of bolts known as .A. end-chock boltsB. side-chock boltsC. through boltsD. tie rods16. The crankcase is closed fore and aft by two vertical plates with circular inspection holes provided with , on which relief valves are mounted.A. guide waysB. inspection doorsC. bracketsD. main bearings17. The cylinder cover is not provided with .A. fuel valveB. lubricatorC. indicator valveD. the starting valve18. The cylinder covers and the liners are bolted together by means of .A. bolts welded into the cylinder headB. bolts welded into the cylinder framesC. studs screwed into the cylinder headD. studs screwed into the cylinder frames19. The cylinder head, cylinder liner and form the combustion chamber.A. frame B. pistonC. crankcase D. explosion plate20. The cylinder is fitted with internal liner so that a water space is left the liner and the outer wall.A. aroundB. amongC. inD. between21. The cylinder liners are made of and the cylinder surfaces are sometimes chromium-plated.A. steelB. copperC. cast ironD. stainless steel22. The cylinders, with cooling jackets, are to the engine frame by eight tie rods.A. screwedB. weldedC. fastenedD. rotated23. The gas loads on the engine structure are constrained by means of hydraulically preloaded which connect the bed plate, frame sections and cylinder jackets into a single unit.A. connecting rodsB. main bearingC. columnD. tie rods24. The joint face between the liquid seal (water) and the oil should be positioned possible to the bowl periphery.A. such far away fromB. such near byC. as far away fromD. as near by25. A low speed engine requires reduction gearbox it and propeller.A. none/bothB. no/bothC. none/betweenD. no/between26. A main bearing consists of two shells which are secured by means of studs and .A. tie rodsB. through boltsC. lead wiresD. bearing caps27. A single piece fitted with bronze rings guides the piston in the cylinder liner.A. piston skirtB. piston crownC. guide wayD. cross-head28. All the rings are slightly rounded on their external top and bottom edges to keep the oil film on the cylinder liner during for new piston rings.A. the running-in periodB. the running processC. gas exchange processD. the boiler firing29. Each crank is made up of two crank webs joined by a common_ to which the bottom end bearing is fitted.A. throw. crankshaftC. crankpinD. crosshead30. Each piston stuffing box is provided with two sealing rings and three .A. packingsB. piston ringsC. distributor ringsD. scraper rings31. In two-stroke engine the crankshaft is connected with by means of the connecting rod.A. the stuffing boxB. the pistonC. the cross-headD. guide plate32. The cast iron for the cross-head are attached to the top section and seal off the crankcase.A. cylinder coverB. cross-head shoesC. guide-waysD. scavenging boxes33. The cast iron guide-ways for are attached to the top section and seal off the crankcase.A. the connecting rodB. the cross-headC. the piston rodD. the air box34. The crank throws are displaced from to obtained the same number of degrees between the different crank throws.A. one anotherB. the otherC. each otherD. each others35. The crankshaft is of the semi built type, with the journal the forged or cast steel crank throws.A. being shrunk intoB. to be shrunk intoC. to be shrunk withD. shrinking into36. The crankshaft is of the semi built type, with the being shrunk into the forged or cast steel crank throws.A. journalB. crank-pinC. main bearingD. large end of connecting rod37. The crankshaft of diesel engine is supported by .A. tension stretchB. tie rodsC. through boltsD. main bearings38. The crankshaft rests in bearings built into cross girders of .A. A-shape frameB. cylinder blockC. the bed-plateD. the double bottom39. The cross-head and crank pin bearings are secured to the by means of fitted bolt.A. cross-head guidesB. cross-head shoesC. piston rodD. connecting rod40. The cross-head shoes are lined.A. chromium steelB. white metalC. alloy steelD. white silverLesson 41. is sometimes used for piston cooling since leaks into the crankcase would not cause problems.A. Diesel oilB. Hydraulic oilC. Lube oilD. Mineral oil2. is used for cylinder and cylinder head, the salt water is used for cooling the lubricating oil, the fresh water in the coolers and the charging air in the air cooler.A. The fuel oilB .The lube oilC. The sea waterD. The fresh water3. allows for expansion and water make up in the water cooling system.A top tankB. A head tankC. A head valveD. A drain tank4. provide the water to the pistons.A. Pneumatic pipesB. Hydraulic pipesC. Telescopic pipesD. Operating gas pipes5. less equipment in contact with sea water, the corrosion problems are much reduced in a central cooling system.A. BecauseB. WithC. WithoutD. Though6. A separate piston cooling system is used to limit any contamination piston cooling glands the piston cooling system only.A. between, toB. either, orC. from, toD. neither, nor7. A separate piston cooling system is used any contamination from piston cooling glands to the piston cooling system only.A. to helpB. to limitC. to protectD. to remove8. A slow-speed two-stroke diesel is usually arranged to operate continuously on heavy fuel oil and has available a supply for manoeuvring conditions.A. lubricating oilB. diesel oilC. residual oilD. hydraulic oil9. Air cocks, usually positioned at the in a circulating system, is used to get rid of the air in the system.A. bending jointB. expansion tankC. weldD. the highest point10. Constant cooling the various components of diesel engine has a number of functions except for .A. good lubricationB. low thermal stressC. good mechanical propertiesD. acid corrosion11. Cooling enables the engine metals their mechanical properties.A. to retainB. to remainC. to maintenanceD. to have12. Cooling of engine is achieved by circulation a cooling liquid around internal passages within the .A. boilerB. heaterC. engineD. cooler13. Cooling of engines is achieved .A. by blowing charge airB. by circulating with salt waterC. by circulating with refrigerantD. by circulating with fresh water14. Cooling of engines is achieved by a cooling liquid around internal passages within the engine.A. flowedB. flowingC. mixingD. circulating15. Cooling of engines is achieved by circulating a cooling liquid around internal within the engine.A. airB. passagesC. pipesD. means16. Cylinder liner cooling is often referred to as .A. piston coolingB. sleeve coolingC. central coolingD. jacket cooling17. Cylinders of marine diesel engines are normally cooled by .A. sea waterB. fine mineral oilC. sanitary waterD. fresh water18. Diesel oil may be used to cool of a diesel engine.A. cylindersB. exhaust valvesC. pistonsD. fuel valves19. Due to action of pistons some relative motion between parts in contact in the coolant supply and return system must occur.A. reciprocating B. rotatingC. runningD. removing20. Expansion tank should be used to remove from cooling water.A. scaleB. sludgeC. chemicalsD. air21. Fresh water is used for the cooling of cylinder jackets and of the marine diesel engine.A. cylinder coversB. lubricating spaceC. crossheadD. exhaust manifold22. Fresh water is used for the cooling of the cylinder jackets and of the main engine.A. coversB. crankshaftC. cross-head shoeD. the sea water in the fresh water system23. Head tank should be used to remove from cooling water.A. scaleB. sludgeC. chemicals D. air 24. Heat energy is a source of power, but will cause damage to the engine.A. excessive heatB. insufficient heatC. effective coolingD. high output25. If a kind of liquid is used to cool the diesel engine, it is invariably called .A. lubricantB. coolantC. combustion productD. second refrigerant26. In a central cooling system, used in some modern ships, sea water is supplied to cool which will circulate to other individual cooler, greatly reducing the corrosion problems.A. fresh waterB. sea waterC. cooling oilD. emulsion27. In a central cooling system, used in some modern ships, sea water is supplied to cool which will circulate to other individual cooler, greatly reducing the corrosion problems.A. main bearingsB. sea waterC. cooling oilD. lower temperature fresh water28. In a common oil cooler circulated by sea water, the oil is at a pressure than the sea water.A. largeB. safetyC. lowerD. bursting29. In a general oil cooler circulated by sea water, the oil is at a higher pressure, the result being that any leak in the cooler will mean a loss of .A. oilB. sea waterC. airD. fresh water30. In an oil cooler circulated by sea water, the oil is at a larger pressure, the result being that any leak in the cooler will mean a loss of .A. oilB. sea waterC. refrigerantD. fresh waterL.esson 61. Controls the fuel oil temperature in order to provide oil at correct viscosity for combustion.A. The viscosity regulatorB. The temperature controllerC. The flow meterD. The pressure switch2. A on the delivery side of the pump closes to stop fuel oil returning from the injector.A. return valveB. non-return valveC. safety unitD. stop valve3. A ensures a constant pressure at the fuel main.A. transfer pumpB. control air bottleC. pressure regulating valveD. non-returning valve4. As the plunger moves up, the ports are closed and the fuel and delivered to the injector nozzle at very high pressure.A. being compressedB. to be pumped upC. is pressurizedD. are built up5. Before being used the fuel service tank should be drained of .A. soda solutionB. mechanical impuritiesC. ballastD. water and residuals6. Care and cleanliness are required when installing diesel fuel filters .A. to prevent the fuel system from becoming air-boundB. to prevent the fuel system becoming clogged with dirty particlesC. both of the aboveD. to prevent the lubricating oil from leaking out of the filter element7. Dirty oil must before being used again.A. mixed with clean oilB. purifiedC. heatedD. strainered8. Dirty oil must before being used again.A. washB. loosenC. be mixedD. be purified9. Dirt in the fuel oil system of a diesel engine can cause .A. clogged filtersB. poor combustionC. overloading of the dieselD. shock of fuel lines10. Fuel is delivered into the combustion space by .A. a cooling systemB. a lubricating systemC. an electric systemD. an injection system11. Fuel is not supplied to the corresponding cylinder due to a failure of .A. the motorB. the fresh water generatorC. the governorD. the fuel pump12. Fuel is not supplied to the corresponding cylinders due to .A. a failure of the motorB. a failure of lubricatorC. a failure of cylinderD. a failure of fuel pump13. Fuel oil is pumped by means of from the bunker tanks.A. a transfer pumpB. a bilge pumpC. a service pumpD. a vacuum pump14. Fuel oil is thought to be one of the main factors the operation and maintenance of an engine.A. have nothing to do withB. having nothing to do withC. have much to do withD. the reading at the rack15. In a commonly used fuel oil system, the oil is stored in tanks in the double bottom from which it is pumped to and heated.A. a service tankB. a settling tankC. an expansion tankD. a double bottom tank16. In a typical fuel oil system, the oil is stored in tanks in the double bottom from which it is pumped to and heated.A. a service tanksB. a collecting tankC. a sumpD. a settling tank17. In a typical fuel system, the oil is stored in in the double bottomA. setting tanksB. service tanksC. tanksD. drain tanks18. In order to ensure perfect atomization, the fuel oil before injection.A. has to be cooledB. has heatedC. has preheatedD. has to be prehea
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