book5unit1词汇短语

必修5Unit 1Great scientists 重点单词重点单词1characteristic n特征；特性特征；特性2conclude vt. & vi.结束；推断出结束；推断出conclusion n结论；结束结论；结束3defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫打败；战胜；使受挫 n失败失败4attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加照顾；护理；出席；参加5expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光暴露；揭露；使曝光exposion n暴露暴露6cure n治愈；痊愈治愈；痊愈 vt.治愈；治疗治愈；治疗7challenge n挑战挑战 vt.向向挑战挑战challenger n挑战者挑战者8absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心吸收；吸引；使专心9suspect vt.怀疑怀疑n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯被怀疑者；嫌疑犯suspicion n怀疑怀疑suspicious adj.有疑心的有疑心的10foresee vt.预见；预告预见；预告foretell v预言预言forecast v预报预报11blame vt.责备；谴责责备；谴责 n过失；责备过失；责备12pollute vt.污染；弄脏污染；弄脏pollution n污染污染13handle n柄；把手柄；把手 vt.处理；操纵处理；操纵14link vt. & n连接；联系连接；联系15announce vt.宣布；通告宣布；通告announcement n通知；宣告通知；宣告16instruct vt.命令；指示；教导命令；指示；教导instruction n教授；传授教授；传授instructions n指示指示，说明说明17construct vt.建设；修建建设；修建construction n建设；建筑物建设；建筑物18contribute vt. & vi.捐献；贡献；捐助捐献；贡献；捐助contribution n贡献贡献19spin vi. & vt.(使使)旋转；纺旋转；纺(线或纱线或纱)20reject vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃拒绝；不接受；抛弃rejection n拒绝；抛弃拒绝；抛弃重点短语重点短语1put forward 提出提出2draw a conclusion 得出结论得出结论3expose.to 使显露；暴露使显露；暴露4link.to. 将将和和联系或连接起来联系或连接起来5apart from 除除之外；此外之外；此外6make sense 讲得通；有意义讲得通；有意义7look into 调查；研究调查；研究8at times 有时有时9be against 反对反对10(be) strict with 对对严格的严格的11be to blame 应受责备应受责备12with certainty 肯定地肯定地考考 点点 探探 究究 互动探究互动探究能力备考能力备考词汇短语过关词汇短语过关Put forwardput on 穿穿、戴上；戴上；(速度速度、体重体重)增加；上演增加；上演put out 扑灭扑灭，熄灭熄灭put up 举起；建造；张贴举起；建造；张贴put up with 忍受忍受，忍耐忍耐，容忍容忍put off 延期延期，推迟推迟即学即练即学即练10(1)She often _ some useful advice.她常常她常常提出一些有用的建议提出一些有用的建议。(2)We have _ the wedding _ one week.我们已将婚礼提前了一周我们已将婚礼提前了一周。(4)_ your watch _； youre five minutes slow.把你的表往前拨一下把你的表往前拨一下，你慢了你慢了5分钟分钟。puts forwardputforward byPutforwardconclude vt. & vi.结束；推断出结束；推断出conclusion n结论；结束结论；结束All in all /to conclude/in conclusion / in general 最后最后，总之总之make a conclusion 下结论下结论arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论得出结论，即学即练即学即练1(1)He _ his speech with a joke.他以一个笑话结束了他的演讲他以一个笑话结束了他的演讲。(2)The meeting _ at nine oclock.会议会议9点钟结束了点钟结束了。(3)The police _ that he must be the murderer.警察断定他一定是杀人凶手警察断定他一定是杀人凶手。concludedconcludedconcluded(4)_， wish all of you good health and a long life.最后祝大家健康长寿最后祝大家健康长寿。(5)_， I would like to thank all the people present at the meeting today.最后我想感谢今天参加会议的所有人最后我想感谢今天参加会议的所有人。To concludeIn conclusion5. infect vt. Infect 使受影响，感染；使受影响，感染； 传染，侵染传染，侵染 adj. infectious 传染的；传染性的；易传染的 infected 被感染的6. defeat vt. n. vt. 击败，战胜；挫败；使击败，战胜；挫败；使失败失败 n. 失败；战胜失败；战胜 defeat/beat/win这三个单词用法这三个单词用法1. defeat/beat/win这三个词都有这三个词都有“赢赢”的意思的意思，但其用法不尽相同。，但其用法不尽相同。(1)defeat和和beat用法相同用法相同，其宾语必须其宾语必须是是“人或一个集体人或一个集体”。如如a team, a class, a school, an army等等。注意的是：。注意的是：defeat侧重在侧重在战场上打败敌人战场上打败敌人，beat常用于游戏或比赛中常用于游戏或比赛中，但在平时运用中但在平时运用中常替换使用常替换使用。(2)win表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利，或者在其他方面赢得了，或者在其他方面赢得了信任，荣誉等，信任，荣誉等，常带的宾语有：常带的宾语有：game, war, prize, fame, battle，belief等等。win还可作为不及物动词来用还可作为不及物动词来用。应用应用1用用defeat, beat, win填空填空(1)He _ all his opponents (对手对手) in the election.(2)Peasants _ the drought and reaped (收获收获) a good harvest.(3)After a heart to heart talk, I _ his trust at last.defeated/beatdefeated/beatwon(4)The enemys plot阴谋阴谋 was _ very soon.(5)We wouldnt have _without your help.(6)Mary _ first prize for swimming.defeatedwonwonattend attend vt.&vi. 出席；参加；照料，护理出席；参加；照料，护理attendance n. 出席，到场，参加出席，到场，参加attend a meeting/a lecture/school/ church 参加会议参加会议/听报告听报告/上学上学/上教堂上教堂 attend on/upon sb. 伺候某人；照顾某人伺候某人；照顾某人 attend to 处理处理，(deal with) ，照料照料(care for)(1)He didnt _ yesterday.他昨天没有参加会议他昨天没有参加会议。(2)He was very tired after the long run, and expected somebody _ him.长跑之后他感到非常疲劳长跑之后他感到非常疲劳，很想有个人来照很想有个人来照顾自己一下顾自己一下。(3)Business has to _. 生意是必须要料理的生意是必须要料理的。attend the meetingto attend onbe attended to expose expose vt. 暴露，揭露，使曝光，使面临暴露，揭露，使曝光，使面临When he smiled he exposed a set of perfect white teeth. 他笑时露出了一口漂亮的白牙他笑时露出了一口漂亮的白牙. He exposed their plot to the governmentbe exposed to接触到，暴露于接触到，暴露于 即学即练即学即练3(1)My job as a journalist is to _.我作为记者的职责就是揭我作为记者的职责就是揭露事实露事实。(2)Dont _ babies _ strong sunlight.不要让婴儿受到强烈阳光的照射不要让婴儿受到强烈阳光的照射。(3)Its very dangerous to _ these viruses without any protection.不加任何保护不加任何保护，直接暴露在这些病毒下是非直接暴露在这些病毒下是非常危险的常危险的。expose the truthexposetobe exposed to cure n. 治愈；痊愈治愈；痊愈vt. 治愈；治疗治愈；治疗cure sb. of sth. 消除某人消除某人；治愈某人；治愈某人cure/treat/heal(1)treat强调治疗过程强调治疗过程，treat sb. for sth.医治某人医治某人病；病； (2)cure意为意为“治愈治愈，痊愈痊愈”，特别指特别指病后的恢复健康病后的恢复健康。其后可接其后可接表示疾病的名词或代词表示疾病的名词或代词。另外另外，还可作还可作“矫正矫正，纠正纠正”解解，借喻借喻指消除社会上某种不良现象或个人恶习等指消除社会上某种不良现象或个人恶习等。(3)heal意为意为“治愈治愈”，多用于治愈外伤多用于治愈外伤，如：如：wound, cut, injury, burn等等。(1)He _ his students as his own children.他把学他把学生看作自己的孩子生看作自己的孩子。(2)The doctors are trying to _ him with a new drug.医生们尝试用一种新药为他治病医生们尝试用一种新药为他治病。(3)His wound is _ over.他的伤口正在愈合他的伤口正在愈合。 (4)The medicine will _ you of your cough.这药能治好你的咳嗽这药能治好你的咳嗽。treatedtreathealingcurecured(1)The doctor cant _ her _ the cancer.医生治不好她的癌症医生治不好她的癌症。(2)Nothing can _ you _ your bad habits.没有什么能去掉你的坏习惯没有什么能去掉你的坏习惯。(3)This is _ SARS.这是一种新的这是一种新的SARS治疗方法治疗方法。 cureofcureofa new cure for拓展：拓展：vt.sb. of sth.结构的短语还有：结构的短语还有：remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事使某人想起某事suspect sb. of sth.怀疑某人怀疑某人(做做)某事某事rob sb. of sth.抢了某人某物抢了某人某物inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事通知某人某事warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事警告某人某事accuse sb. of sth.控告某人某事控告某人某事 absorb vt.吸收，吸进吸收，吸进(液体、气体等液体、气体等)；理解；理解absorb water/light/heat (take in) absorb what sb. said 理解某人所说的话理解某人所说的话be absorbed in. 全神贯注于全神贯注于(1)Black cloth _ light.黑色布料吸收光线黑色布料吸收光线。(2)Did you _ everything the professor said?教授说的你全部理解了吗？教授说的你全部理解了吗？(3)He _ deep thought.他陷入沉思他陷入沉思。absorbsabsorbwas absorbed in 23blame n&vt.责备；责任责备；责任blame sb. for sth./doing sth. 因某事责备某人因某事责备某人blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for) 应承担责任；该受责备应承担责任；该受责备 Her parents put a lot of effort into getting her _ to a key school Aaccepted Breceived CadmittedDannounced 答案：C The headmaster will _ a speech to the visiting foreign guests this afternoon. A. deliverB. address C. announceD. declare 答案：A 短语短语 be responsible for为为负责负责; 主管主管 You should be responsible for all the consequences. 你应当为这一切后果承担责任。The weather is responsible for the delay 由于天气关系由于天气关系才耽搁耽搁了 contribute vt.&vi.作贡献，捐献；投作贡献，捐献；投(稿稿) contribution n. 贡献，捐献，投稿贡献，捐献，投稿 contribute to1. To make a contribution (为为)做贡献做贡献, 捐献捐献 2. To submit material for publication 投稿投稿3. To help bring about a result; act as a factor 促成；导致(2)Drink _ his ruin.酗酒促使他毁灭酗酒促使他毁灭。(3)The Song Dynasty _ three great inventions _ world civilization.宋朝为世界文明贡献出三大发明宋朝为世界文明贡献出三大发明。(4)He _ an article _ China Daily.他为他为中国日报中国日报撰写了一篇文章撰写了一篇文章。contributed tocontributedtocontributedtomake sense 讲得通；有道理；很有意义讲得通；有道理；很有意义make sense of sth. 懂；了解懂；了解的含义的含义39. make sense1)What he says _.他说的有道理他说的有道理。(2)Can you _ this poem?你能明白这首诗的含义吗？你能明白这首诗的含义吗？makes sensemake sense of reject vt. 1 拒绝接受; 不同意a proposal, a request, or an offer 2.摈弃，不接受摈弃，不接受(信仰或政治制度信仰或政治制度) a belief or a political system 3. 不录用不录用;不录取不录取 4. 排排斥斥(移植器官移植器官)； 即学即练即学即练9(1)My cousin tried to join the army but _.我堂兄试图参军我堂兄试图参军，但没有被接受但没有被接受。(2)After the transplant his body _ the new heart.在移植手术后在移植手术后，他的身体对移植的心脏产生排斥反他的身体对移植的心脏产生排斥反应应。(3)I _ the rotten oranges.我把腐烂的橘子我把腐烂的橘子扔掉了扔掉了。was rejectedrejectedrejectedShe refused (to accept) my gift.She rejected my gift.她拒绝接受我的礼物。她拒绝接受我的礼物。