2016学考真题答案

2016年湖南省普通高中学业水平考试试题卷年湖南省普通高中学业水平考试试题卷 英英 语语 1 1- -20 (20 (略略) ) 参考答案参考答案 参考答案参考答案 听力听力 21-30 ABCDA BDADC 31-35 BCCDB 36-45 BBACC DABDC 21-30 ABCDA BDADC 31-35 BCCDB 完形填空完形填空 36-45 BBACC DABDC 语法填空语法填空 与与 单句改错单句改错 主观题主观题 56. youyour 57. friendfriends 58.去掉去掉of 59. playplaying 60.is 46. A 47. really 48. with 49. who 50.donated 51. I 52. collected 53. giving 54. are 55. excited 双向翻译双向翻译 9 61. Why is jogging so popular? 62. It is unnecessary for you to take medicines. 63. 慢跑还能使你对自己感觉更好。慢跑还能使你对自己感觉更好。 64. 他只能跑他只能跑300米左右。米左右。 65. 慢跑几乎不耗费你任何东西。慢跑几乎不耗费你任何东西。 One possible version：(104 words) History of table tennis Table tennis is an Olympic sport played all over the world. It is played over the net on a table. As we all know, table tennis has a history of about 300 years. Table tennis began in England in the 1890s. And it became popular in the 1920s. Later, it spread to other parts of Europe and Asia. In 1988, it became one of the Olympic sports. Many Chinese athletes, such as Deng Yaping, have made great contributions to this game. Table tennis is a safe but challenging sport. It is also enjoyable to play it with anyone we like. I love this game! 11 Today the problem of environment has become more and more serious. The world population is rising, so quickly that the world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, human life on earth will not survive. ）文首）文首 开门见山开门见山, ,提出主题提出主题, ,随之用细节来解释随之用细节来解释, , 支撑或发展主题句所表支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想达的主题思想. . 最常见的演绎法写作方式最常见的演绎法写作方式. . Shu Pulong has helped at least 1000 people bitten (咬)by snakes.“ It was seeing people with snake bites (伤口) that led me to this career, he said. In 1963, after his army service, Shu entered a medical school and later became a doctor of Chinese medicine. As part of his studies he had to work in the mountains. There he often heard of people who had their arms and legs cut off after a snake bite in order to save their lives. I was greatly upset by the story of an old farmer I met .It was a very hot afternoon. The old man was pulling grass in his fields when he felt a pain in his left hand. He at once realized he had been bitten by a poisonous snake. In no time he wrapped a cloth tightly around his arm to stop the poison spreading to his heart. Rushing home he shouted,Bring me the knife Minutes later the man lost his arm forever. The sad story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bitten by snakesShu said. 2). 首尾呼应。首尾呼应。 为突出主题为突出主题, 作者先提出主题作者先提出主题, 结尾时再次点出主题结尾时再次点出主题, 这种首尾这种首尾呼应的写作方式也较为多见呼应的写作方式也较为多见. 通常通常, 前后表述主题的句子不是前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复简单的重复, 后面的表述往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味后面的表述往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味 13 A human body appears to be rather soft and delicate, compared with that of a wild animal, but it is actually surprisingly strong. In deed, its very softness and looseness is an advantage; it makes man good at moving about movement of all living things of his own size, because he can do so many different things with his limbs. Mans games show how he can control his own body. No other land creature can swim as skillfully as man; more has such varied grace; very few lives as long as he; none is so strong in its natural resistance to disease. Therefore man has a great advantage in his battle against the risks of damage and death that threaten him. 3). 文尾文尾 在表述细节后在表述细节后, 归纳要点归纳要点, 印象印象, 结论建议或结果结论建议或结果, 以以概括主题概括主题. 这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式 14 Nothing is as useful as a flashlight in a dark night if a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark. In fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand a camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out. 4). 文中文中 通常前面只提出问题，通常前面只提出问题， 文中的主题由随之陈述的细文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出, 而后又作进一步的解释而后又作进一步的解释, 支撑或发展支撑或发展. Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida. The main idea of this paragraph is that _. A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for four years, moved to another university. B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College. C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university. D. Tom received an excellent education. detail detail detail 16 5). 无主题句无主题句 即主题句隐含在全文中即主题句隐含在全文中, 没有明确的主题句没有明确的主题句. 必须根据必须根据文篇中所提供的事实细节，进行全面考虑，综合分析，文篇中所提供的事实细节，进行全面考虑，综合分析，然后找出共同的东西，归纳成一般概念。然后找出共同的东西，归纳成一般概念。必须注意的必须注意的是，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要是，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。恰如其分。 d e t a i l s Passage idea 事实细节类题目常见的设问方式：事实细节类题目常见的设问方式： Which of the following is true according to the text? Choose the right order of the events given in the passage. All of the following statements may be true except _. Which of the following is not the result of_? Which of the following is the main feature of _? What can we learn from the passage? 事实细节题解题技巧事实细节题解题技巧 1.1.若针对特殊标点符号若针对特殊标点符号, ,举例子举例子, ,名人名言出题名人名言出题, ,只需要阅读符号，只需要阅读符号，例子例子, ,名言前后的内容，然后与选项核对。名言前后的内容，然后与选项核对。 2.2.在出现一些关键词，如在出现一些关键词，如howeverhowever、butbut、moreovermoreover、thereforetherefore、 thusthus时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。 3.3.细节题的答案一般是同义替换项或者同义转换项细节题的答案一般是同义替换项或者同义转换项 4.4.选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案。如：选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案。如：must,never,the must,never,the most,all,merely,only,haveto,any,no,completely,none,most,all,merely,only,haveto,any,no,completely,none,等。等。 事实细节题解题技巧事实细节题解题技巧 5.5.注意选项中的副词，形容词和介词短语等与原文注意选项中的副词，形容词和介词短语等与原文是否一致。如：是否一致。如： must, may, often, should, must, may, often, should, usually, might, most, more or less, likely, usually, might, most, more or less, likely, all, neverall, never，few few 等存在程度不同，经常被偷换，等存在程度不同，经常被偷换，往往被忽视。往往被忽视。 6.6.细节题干扰项特点：与原文内容相反；与原文内细节题干扰项特点：与原文内容相反；与原文内容一半相符，一半不同；叙述过于绝对化；原文没容一半相符，一半不同；叙述过于绝对化；原文没有提及有提及. . At the foot of these fairy mountains, the voyager may have seen the light smoke rising from a village. It is a little village with great age , having been founded by some of the Dutch colonists and there were some of the houses of the original settlers living within a few years ,built of some yellow bricks brought from Holland , having latticed windows(格子窗) What can we learn from the third paragraph? A .There is too much thick smoke in the village . B. The village is very large but it looks old C. The original settlers once built some house of Dutch style D. The village was once very rich in resources 三、推理判断题三、推理判断题 推理判断题常见句型：推理判断题常见句型： 1.From the last paragraph, we can infer that _. 2.Following the last paragraph, the author will perhaps _. 3.The text is intended to _. 4.By this passage the author mainly want to say _. 5.It can be inferred from the example that _. 6.The text is most probably taken from_. 7.What lesson can we learn from the passage? Its not easy being a teenager（13至至19岁青少年）岁青少年）nor is it easy being the parent of a teenager. You can make your child feel angry, hurt, or misunderstood by what you say without realizing it yourself. It is important to give your child the space he needs to grow while gently letting him know that you youll still be there for him when he needs you. Expect a lot from your child, just not everything else open to discussion. If your child is unwilling to discuss something, dont insist he tell you whats on his mind. The more you insist, the more likely that hell clarn up. Instead , let him attempt to solve（解决）（解决）things by himself. At the same time, remind him that youre always there for him should he seek advice or help. Show respect for your teenagers privacy （隐私）（隐私）. Never read him his mail or listen in on personal conversions. Teach your teenager that the family phone is for the whole family. If your child talks on the familys telephone for too long, tell him he can talk for15 minutes, but then he must stay off the phone for at least an equal period of time. This not only frees up the line so that other family members can make and receive calls, but teaches your teenager moderation（节制）（节制）. Or if you are open to the idea, allow your teenager his own phone that he pays for with his own pocket money or a part time job 68. The main purpose of the text is to tell parents _. A. how to get along with a teenager B. how to respect a teenager C. how to understand a teenager D. how to help a teenager grow up too narrow Why isnt your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder, bribery(行贿)，and death. Frankly，Im sick of all this bad news. This authors attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _. A. complain B. apologize C. amuse D. inform 解析：作者一是向读者说明这份报纸上只登载解析：作者一是向读者说明这份报纸上只登载坏新闻，如凶杀、行贿受贿和死亡等；二是在坏新闻，如凶杀、行贿受贿和死亡等；二是在字里行间流露出自己的抱怨情绪（对坏新闻厌字里行间流露出自己的抱怨情绪（对坏新闻厌恶透了），故应选恶透了），故应选A A。 推断题的解题技巧推断题的解题技巧 对作者意图和目的的推理。对作者意图和目的的推理。 考生可以利用确定中心思想(主旨)的方法先确定短文的主题和大意，然后分析句子之间的关系，在全面理解原文的基础上，推测出作者的写作意图和目的。 针对作者态度、语气、风格、倾向的推理针对作者态度、语气、风格、倾向的推理. . 作者写文章时，经常持有某种态度或倾向。 作者的语气和态度往往并不直接在文章中写出来。有时通过全文的叙述，有时通过全文的叙述，考生可以从文章中领悟作者的观点；有时可以通过对作者使考生可以从文章中领悟作者的观点；有时可以通过对作者使用的词汇用的词汇( (多为形容词和副词多为形容词和副词) )的分析，来推断出作者的态度的分析，来推断出作者的态度和感情，例如作者对某一观点是赞成还是反对，是主观批评和感情，例如作者对某一观点是赞成还是反对，是主观批评还是客观陈述。还是客观陈述。 数字的推断数字的推断 细节的推断细节的推断 四、猜测词四、猜测词/句意题句意题 词义理解题常见的题型有词义理解题常见的题型有: 1. The author uses the word “” to mean _. 2. The underlined phrase“” means _. 3. According to the passage, the word “”means _. 4. The word “” in paragraph refers to _. 5. By “”, the author means _. 6. which of the following is closest in meaning to “”? 7. What is “”? 1)Definition and explanation 利用定义和解释猜测词义利用定义和解释猜测词义 He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he wont give it up halfway. The underlined word means_. A.strong B. firm C. kind D. clever 2) Experience 根据普通常识和经验推测生词的词义根据普通常识和经验推测生词的词义 Mr. Brown is now working at Princeton University far away from home. For this reason he has to rent a room near the office where he works. The underlined word rent refers to_. A.to work to live B. to eat to live C. to teach to live D. to pay to use 3) Related Information 即根据上下文的语境来猜测生词的词义即根据上下文的语境来猜测生词的词义。 The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer. A. work B. study C. name D. interest 4) Guessing from Comparison and Contrast根据上下文中的比较根据上下文中的比较、对照关系猜测词义；对照关系猜测词义； Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city. A. town B. capital C. country D. house 5)Guessing word from description and exemplification 通过描述和例证猜词通过描述和例证猜词 You can take any of the periodicals: Readers, Foreign Language Teaching in Schools, or English Learning. A. dictionaries B. story-books C. magazines D. newspapers 6) Guessing word from Synonym and Antonym. 通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词。 Most women in Ghana- the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old- work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved. The underlined word illiterate in the passage means _. A. Repeated B. reiterated. C uneducated D. sick 7) Guessing word from Cause and Result 通过原因与结果关系猜词通过原因与结果关系猜词 Since I have finished my paper now, I am going to give myself a treat tonight. I am going to watch a movie on campus, an action movie called “Face Off”. The underlined words “a treat” here means _. A. an action movie B.something pleasant to enjoy C. a rest D. something nice to eat 8) Word formation 即根据前缀、后缀、复合、即根据前缀、后缀、复合、派生等构词知识判断生词的词义派生等构词知识判断生词的词义 (1)Overwork may cause diseases. 前缀前缀over-的意思是“过分的、过量的”故的意思是“过分的、过量的”故overwork的意思应为“工作过度”。的意思应为“工作过度”。 (2)There was a dissatisfied look in the managers eyes. satisfied的意思是“满意的”，前缀的意思是“满意的”，前缀dis-的意的意思是“不”，故思是“不”，故dissatisfied的意思应该是的意思应该是“不满意的”。“不满意的”。 9)根据标点符号推测词义。这类标点符号根据标点符号推测词义。这类标点符号通常为括号、冒号、破折号、逗号等。通常为括号、冒号、破折号、逗号等。 The largest player Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Center offers a wide variety of choices deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are the big favorite. The words deluxe sedans, minivans and station wagons used in the text refer to _. A. cars in the making B. car rental firms C. cars for rent D. car makers A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they dont understand something, they say so. The word audience in the paragraph means _. A.students B. people who watch a play C. people who act on the stage D. people who listen to something 10）熟词新意）熟词新意 11）词组推测。尽可能利用生词所在上下文猜）词组推测。尽可能利用生词所在上下文猜测词义，利用所熟悉的单词和词组和上下文档测词义，利用所熟悉的单词和词组和上下文档中以知的部分进行逻辑上的推理。中以知的部分进行逻辑上的推理。 Rainforests like the Amazon are important mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to show the global warming. Currently the tree in the Amazon take in around 500 million tons of CO2 each year: equal to the total amount of CO2 giving off in the UK each year. The underlined phrase mopping up means_. A. cleaning up B. taking in C. wiping up D. giving out The Dave you saw on TV was the real Dave, says friend Pat Williams, He wasnt a great actor or a great speaker. He was just Joe Everybody.(02年年E篇篇） 74. He was just Joe Everybody. ( in the last paragraph) means _. A. Dave was famous B. Dave was ordinary C. Dave was showy D. Dave was shy 12）句子推测）句子推测 Find the meaning of the Find the meaning of the underlined part as underlined part as quickly as possiblequickly as possible 猜你没商量 1.Archaeology is the study of the buried remains of ancient times, such as houses, pots, tools and weapons. A. 地理学地理学 B. 生态学生态学 C. 心理学心理学 D. 考古学考古学 2.The football game was getting more and more exciting, however, the old lady was still as dozy as she usually was. A. 昏昏欲睡的昏昏欲睡的 B. 亢奋的亢奋的 C. 欣喜若狂的欣喜若狂的 D. 麻木的麻木的 3.She did not hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading. A. 心不在焉的心不在焉的 B. 紧张的紧张的 C. 全神贯注的全神贯注的 D. 睡意浓的睡意浓的 4.Just for fun, they decided to try a very circuitous country road instead of the more direct highway. A. direct B. indirect C. straight 5.All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because he was using the wrong key. A. 成功的成功的 B. 徒劳的徒劳的 C. 有效的有效的 D. 匆促的匆促的 6.Jane is usually prompt for all her classes，but she arrived in the middle of her first class. Alate Bon time Cpleased 7.Tom saw an owl last night but it flew away when he got near A. a bird Ban animal Cthe sun 8.The fresh trout is very cheap, but I dont know how to cook it Afish Bfruit Capple 9.The boy wants to ride a brown pony. Adog Bcat Chorse 10.A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter A木匠木匠 B 动物学家动物学家 C牧人牧人 1.1.主旨大意题主旨大意题必须通盘考虑必须通盘考虑, ,取主题取主题, ,舍枝节。舍枝节。 符合原文的答案正确答案符合原文的答案正确答案最佳答案最佳答案 2.2.文章中的数字、日期、时间、表限量的词或短语等都是细节设题文章中的数字、日期、时间、表限量的词或短语等都是细节设题 的重点的重点, ,若只注意明显的内容若只注意明显的内容, ,而不注意虚的内容而不注意虚的内容, ,想当然答题多半想当然答题多半会错会错. .因此，因此，必须学会“虚实结合”必须学会“虚实结合” 3.3.推测题必须所选有据推测题必须所选有据, ,避免主观避免主观, ,必须以作者的思维模式为准绳必须以作者的思维模式为准绳, ,以原文提供的事实、细节逻辑关系为自己思维活动的基准点，切忌以原文提供的事实、细节逻辑关系为自己思维活动的基准点，切忌把自己的观点和看法与原文或作者的观点和看法混为一谈把自己的观点和看法与原文或作者的观点和看法混为一谈. . 4.4.猜测题多观察，注意方法，切勿蛮干猜测题多观察，注意方法，切勿蛮干 牛刀小试牛刀小试 1. The text is mainly about_. A. the price of cigarettes C. the effect of tobacco tax increase B. the rate of teen smoking D. the differences in tobacco tax rate 2. What does the author think is a surprise? A. Teen smokers are price sensitive. B. Some states still keep the tobacco tax low. C. Tobacco taxes improve public health. D. Tobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise. 3.The underlined word deter in Paragraph 3 most probably means . A. discourage B. remove C. benefit D. free 4. Rogers attitude towards the low-income smokers might be that of . A. .tolerance B. unconcern C. doubt D. sympathy 5.What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. The new tax will be beneficial in the long run. B. Low-income Americans are more likely to fall ill. C. Future generations will be hooked on smoking. D. Adults will depend more on their families. Exercise(山东高考2009) 1.Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect. But in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubled-to $1.01 per pack-smokers have jammed telephone ”quit lines ”across the country seeking to kick the habit. 2.This is not a surprise to public health advocates. Theyve studied the effect of state tax increases for years, finding that smokers, especially teens , are price sensitive, Nor is it a shock to the industry, which fiercely fights every tax increase. 3.The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message. Tobacco taxes improve public health, they raise money and most particularly, they deter people from taking up the habit as teens, which is when nearly all smokers are addicted. Yet the rate of taxation varies widely . exercise 4.In Manhattan ,for instance, which has the highest tax in the nation ,a pack of Marlboro Light Kings cost $10.06 at one drugstore Wednesdav. In Charleston,S.C., where the7- cent-n-pack tax is the lowest in the nation, the price was $4.78. 5.The influence is obvious. 6.In New York, high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys-13.8%,far below the national average. By comparison, 26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky, Other low-tax states have similarly depressing teen-smoking records. 7.Hal Rogers, Representative from Kentucky, like those who are against high tobacco taxes, argues that the burden of the tax falls on low-income Americans ”who choose to smoke.” exercise 8. Thats true, But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-income workers from getting hooked in the first place, As for todays adults, if the new tax drives them to quit, they will have more to spend on their families, cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better. 41. The word “leftovers” in Paragraph 1 probably means_. A.food remaining after a meal B. things left undone C. meals made of vegetables D. pizza topped with fruit 42. What can we infer from the text? A. Working women usually have breakfast in a hurry. B. Many people have wrong ideas about breakfast. C. There are some easy ways of cooking a meal. D. Eating vegetables helps save energy. 43. According to the last paragraph, it is important to_. A. eat something for breakfast B. be careful about what you eat C. heat up food before eating it D. eat calorie-controlled food 44. The text is written mainly for those_. A. who go to work early B. who want to lose weight C. who stay up late D. who eat before sleep 牛刀小试牛刀小试 I know what youre thinking : pizza （比萨饼）? For breakfast? But the truth is that you can have last nights leftovers in the a. m. if you want to. I know lots of women who skip breakfast （不吃早餐） , and they have a ton of different excuses for doing it . Some say they dont have time. others think theyre “saving” calories （卡路里）, still others just dont like breakfast food . But the bottom line is that eating in the morning is very important when youre trying to lose weight. “Eating just about anything from 300 to 400 calories would be better than nothing at all,” says Katherine Brooking , R , D , who developed the super-easy eating plan for this years “SELF CHALLENGE”. And even pizza can be healthy if its loaded with vegetables, and you stick to one small piece. Breakfast is one meal I never miss, and the same goes for most weight loss success stories. Research shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating later in the day. Researchers at the University of Southern California found that breakfast skippers have a bigger chance of gaining weight than those who regularly have a morning meal. So eat something in the morning, anything. I know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast altogether, and have just coffee or orange juice. I say, try heating up last nights leftovers-it m