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新目标英语七年级下册知识点总结Un it 1 Can you play the guitar?I, 情态动词 +V 原 can do= be able to do2， Play+ the+ 乐器+球类，棋类3， join参加社团、组织、团体4， 4个说的区别：say+内容Speak+语言Talk 谈论 talk about sth talk with sb talk to sb Tell 告诉，讲述 tell sb （not）to do sthTell stories/ jokes5， want= would like + （ sb） to do sth6，4个也的区别：too肯定句末（前面加逗号）Either否定句末（前面加逗号）Also行前be后As well 口语中（前面不加逗号）7， be good at+ V-ing=do well in 擅长于be good for 对有益（be bad for对有害）be good to 对友好 （good 可用 friendly , nice, kind 替换）be good with 禾和相处好 =get on/along well with8, 特殊疑问句的构成：疑问词+一般疑问句9, How/ what about+V- ing怎么样？（表建议）10, 感官动词（look, sou nd, taste, smell, feel） +adj/ likeII, 选择疑问句：回答不能直接用Yes或者No，要从中选择一个回答12, stude nts wan ted for school show （wan ted 表示招募，含有被动意义）13, show sth to sb=show sb sth give sth to sb=give sb sth14, help sb （to） do sthHelp sb with sthWith sb help= with the help of sbHelp on eself to 随便享用15, be busy doing sth/ be busy with sth16, need to do sth17, be free= have time18, have friends= make friends19, call sb at +电话号码20, on the weekend= on weekends21, English-speaking students说英语的学生（带有连词符，有形容词性质）22, do kung fu表演功夫Unit 2 What time do you go to school ?1, 问时间用what time或者whenAt+ 钟点 at 7 oclockat noon/ at night （during/ in the day ）On+ 具体某天、星期、特指的一天on April 1on Sun dayon a cold win ter morningIn +年、月、上午、下午、晚上2, 时间读法：顺读法逆读法：分钟w 30 用 past five past eight （8:05） half past eight （8:30） 分钟30 用 toa quarter to ten （9:45）第2页共8页整点用 oclock7 oclock （7:00）3, 3个穿的区别：wear表状态，接服装、手套、眼镜、香水等Put on表动作，接服装Dress 表动作，接 sb/ on eselfget dressed 穿衣3，感叹句：How+adj+主谓！How+adj+a/an +n 单+主谓！What+ a/an +adj+ n 单+主谓！What+ adj+ n复/不可数+主谓！4, from to 5, be/ arrive late forhardlyn everfor five minu tes6, 频度副词（行前be后）Always usually ofte n sometimes seldom 7，一段时间前面要用介词for for half an hour8, eat/ have for breakfast/ lunch/ dinner/ supper9, either or10, a lot of=lots of11, it is +adj+for sb +to do sth （adj 修饰 to do sth） It is important for me to learn English.it is +adj+of sb +to do sth （adj 修饰 sb） It is kind/ friendly/ nice of you to help me.Unit 3 How do you get to school ?1, 疑问词How如何（方式）how long 多长（时间）答语常用（For/ about + ）时间段”how far 多远（距离）答语常用（It s + ）数词 +miles/ meters/ kilometers ”how often多久一次（频率）答语常用Always/ often/ every day/ ”或次数+时间”等表频率的状语How soon多快，多久以后，常用在将来时中。答语常用“in +时间段”how many多少（接可数名词）how much （接不可数名词）why为什么（原因） what什么 when 何时who谁whom谁（宾格）（针对宾语提问也可用who） whose谁的2, 宾语从句要用陈述句语序3, Stop sb from doing sthStop to do停下来去做其他事Stop doing停止正在做的事4, what do you think of/ about ？ = how do you like ？你认为怎么样？5, He is 11 years old.He is an 11-year-old boy.6, many students= many of the students7, be afraid of sth be afraid to do sth worry aboutbe worried about 担心8 , play with sb9 , come true10 , have to do sth11 , he is like a father to me （like 像）12 , leave离开 leave for出发前往某地13 , cross是动词across是介词14 , tha nks for +n/ V-i ngThanks for your help/ tha nks for help ing me.Thanks for your in vitati on/ tha nks for in vit ing/ ask ing me.Thanks to幸亏，由于，因为15,4 个花费：人 +spend/ spends/ spent+时间 /钱 + （in） doing sth/ on sth人+pay/ pays/ paid + 钱 +for sthIt takes/ took sb + 时间 +to do sth 物+cost/ costs/ cost +sb + 钱16, 交通方式用介词。在句子中做方式状语。 by +交通工具名词(中间无需任何修饰)By bus/ bike/ car/ taxi/ ship/ boat/ pla ne/ subway/ train by +交通路线的位置By land/ water/ sea/ air in/ on + 冠词/物主代词/指示代词+交通工具名词In a/ his/ the carOn a/ his/ the bus/ bike/ship/ train/ horse/ motorbike on foot步行用动词。在句子中做谓语。 take + a/ the +交通工具名词take a bus/ pla ne/ ship/ trainride a bike walk/ drive/ ride/ fly to (后面接 here , there , home等地点副词时，省略介词to。)如步行回家： walk home17, 名词所有格一般情况加s Tom s pen以 s 结尾力口 the teachers office ten days holiday表示几个人共同拥有，在 最后一个名词 后加s Mike and John s desk表示每个人各自拥有，在每个名词 后加s Mike s and John s desksUnit 4 Don teat in class.1，祈使句(变否定在句首+dont)Be 型(be + 表语)，否定形式：don t+ be + 表语Be quiet, please. Don tbe late!Do型(实义动词+其他)，否定形式：don t+实义动词+其他Come here， please. Don tplay football here.Let 型(let sb do sth)，否定形式：don t+ let sb do sth 或者 let sb not do sthNo+n/ V-ing No photos /mobile ; No parking/ smoking/ spitting/ talking/ picking of flowers2， in class 在课堂上in the classroom 在教室3， be on time 准时4， listen to music5， ( have a) fight with sb7， eat outside8， Must 与 have to(1) must表示说话人主观上的看法，意为“必须” 。have to表示客观的需要或责任，意为“不得不，必须”，后接动词原词。(2) must没有人称，时态和数的变化Have to有人称，数，时态的变化，其第三人称单数形式为has to，过去式为had to.构成否定句或疑问句时借助动词do/does。(3) have to 的否定式是 need n=do n A does nthave to (不必要)；must 的否定式是 must not/ must n t (定不能，不允许)。9， Some of10， bringto11，practice (doing) sth12， wash/ do the dishes13， on school days/ nights14， break/ follow (obey) the rules15， Be strict with sb/ on eselfbe strict in sth 对严格。16， too many “太多”修饰可数名词复数too much 太多”修饰不可数名词much too 实在太”修饰形容词或副词17, make ones/ the bed18, get to, arrive in/at, reach,到达（如果后面接地点的副词home here或there , 就不用介词in ,at, to ）19， remember/ forget+to do 要做+doing做过20， have fun，enjoy on eself， have a good/ great/ won derful time+V-i ngUnit 5 Why do you like pandas ？1，回答why的提问要用because2，Kind of相当于副词，修饰形容词或副词，意为稍微，有点” ，与a little/ bit相近A kind of意为一种”，some kinds of意为几种”，all kinds of意为各种各样的”。这里的kind是“种，类，属”的意 思。3, Why not =Why don tyou+V 原你为什么不？4, walk on one legs/ hands on 意为 用方式行走”5, all day =the whole day 整天6，来自 be/ come from where do they come from ? =where are they from ?7, more than=over 超过less than 少于8, once twice three times9, be in great dan ger10, one of 之一 +名词复数11, get lost12, with/ without 有/ 没有 介词13, a symbol of14, 由制造 be made of能看出原材料be made from 看不出原材料 be made in+地点 表产地15, cut down砍到 动副结构（代词必须放中间，名词可放中间或者后面）Unit 6 I m watching TV.1，现在进行时其结构为 be的现在式（am, is, are） +现在分词（V-ing ）。否定形式在be后面加not,疑问式将be动词提前2，动词-ing形式的构成：一般情况+ing ;以不发音的e结尾的，去e加ing;重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写辅音字母再加ing3, go to the movies4, join sb for sth 与某人一起做某事join us for dinner5, live with sblive in+ 地点6, other, another 与 the otherOther 其他的，另外的”，后接名词复数，有时other+ n复数=othersAn other 又一（个），另一（个）”，泛指总数为三个或三个以上中的任意一个，后接名词单数。The other （两者中的）另一个”，常与one连用，“ onethe other”表示一个，另一个”7, talk on the phone8, wish to do sth9, Here is+ n 单Here are+ n 复Unit 7 Its raining!1. 询问天气的表达方式:How s the weather?It saining/sunny day.It raining.What s the weather like?It s windy.2, play computer games3, How it/ everything going ? =How have you been ?4, In/ at the park5, Take a message for sb 替人留言Leave a message to sb 给人留言6, call sb back7, right now , right away , at once, in a minute , in a moment, in no time 立刻，马上8, right now现在just now刚刚（用于一般过去式）9, over and over again10, the answer to the question, a key to the door, a ticket to the ball game11, by the pool12, summer vacation13, go on a vacation 去度假be on a vacation 在度假14, write （ a letter）to sb15, 反意疑问句（陈述句 +附加疑问句）反意疑问句中，陈述句用的肯定，后面的附加疑问句就要用否定；相反，陈述句用的否定，附加疑问句就要用肯定。16, adj 以-ing 结尾 令人的”exciting , interesting , relaxing以-ed 结尾人感至U的”excited, interested, relaxed17, in the first picture18, dry干燥的 humid潮湿的Unit 8 Is there a post office near here ?1, There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+地点状语.There are +复数名词+地点状语.谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致（就近原则）。There be句型的否定式 在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，not a/an/any + n.相 当于no+ n.There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首There be表示某处存在某物或某人 ”；have表示某人拥有某物/某人”2，问路： Is/ Are there near here/ around here/ in the neighborhood ? Where is/ are? How can I get to? Could/Can you tell me the way to Which is the way to3, Across, cross, through, overAcross是介词，横过，在对面”表示从物体表面穿过Cross 是动词，相当于 go/ walk acrossThrough是介词，表示从物体中间或里面穿过go through the doorOver是介词，横过，越过”表示从物体上空越过，跨过fly over4, ask for help/ advice5, in/ on the street6，在某条大街上习惯用介词on on Bridge Street7, across from, next to , betweenand，behind8, in front of在（外部的）前面behind在后面in the fro nt of在（内部的）前面第8页共8页9, be in townbe out of town10, be far from11, go/ walk along go straightgo up/ down12, turn left/right13, on ones/ the left14, at the first crossing/ turningsometime （将来）有朝一日，（曾经）某天15, sometimes有时（频度副词）段时间（前面用介词 for）Some times 几次，几倍 some time16, free 空闲的 free time自由的 as free as a fish免费的 The best thi ngs in life are free.17, enjoy doing18, Time goes quickly.19, 表一些”在肯定句中用some.在疑问句和否定句中用any。特殊用法：some可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中。any也可用于肯定句中，表示任何的”。Unit 9 What does he look like?1, what does he look like ?询问人长什么样，回答：主语+be+形容词/介词短语（he is tall/ of medium height）；主语+have/has+形容词 + 名词（she has long hair）what does sb like ?询问某人喜欢什么2，多个形容词修饰名词多个形容词修饰名词，一般关系近的靠近名词；音节少的在前，音节多的在后。限定词+数词（序前基后）+描绘性形容词+大小、长短、高低+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词3, May be为情态动词+动词原形，在句子中做谓语，maybe是副词，表示可能，大概，一般放在句首。4, a little , little修饰不可数名词，a little表示一点点，little表示几乎没有a few, few修饰可数名词，a few表示一点点，few表示几乎没有5, Find强调找到的结果，look for强调寻找的过程.6，问职业： what do you do ？ =what is your job ?7, the same as be different8, long straight brown hair9，最后in the end （表事情结局）fin ally （强调次序）at last （强调经多番努力终于达成）By the end of直到为止At the end of在末端/尽头Unit 10 I like some noodles.1, 名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词（不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数）。可数名词又分单数和复数。一般+s;以-s,-x,-ch,sh结尾的名词+es; （3）辅音+y,把y变i,再+es;以-o结尾的，有生命的 +es （negro negroes ; hero heroes ; tomato tomatoes ; potato potatoes ）;无生命的 +s;以 f, fe 结尾的名 词，改 f, fe 为 v+es （leaf leaves ; knife knives ）（例外：roofs , chiefs ）单复数同形：sheep, deer.不规则变化： man men； woman-women child children ； foot feet ; tooth teeth 等2, would like sth.想要某物Would you like some你想要一些 吗？Yes, please./No, thanks.would like to do sth. 想要做某事”Would you like to你愿意去做吗？Yes, I d ke / love to./ I d like/ love to. But I m too busy.would like sb to do sth 想要某人做某事”。3, order： order food take/ have ones orderIn order to 为了In the order 按顺序Order/ book a room 预定房间 Order sb （ not） to do sth 命令4， special 禾口 especialSpecial特别的人或事物，特别的，特殊的，specials特色菜；specially专门地，特地Especial特别的，突出的， especially特别，尤其5, the number of表示的数量”，后面接可数名词复数。做主语时，主语是 number而不是of后面的名词复数，因此谓语动词要用单数；a number of表示许多，相当于many,后面接可数名词复数，做主语时，主语不是number而是of后面的名词复数，因此谓语动词要用复数。Number 前可用 large, great, smalI 修饰，不能用 little。6，仍然，还：still （肯定句）Yet （疑问句、否定句）7, one bowl oftwo bowls of8, what size （ +n） would you like ? Large/ medium/ small9, what kind of10, 大：big体格大、笨重t small, little形容具体的人或物Huge物体体积巨大 =very bigLarge物体面积、空间、范围、数量大tsmall不修饰人Great重大事件或行为，伟大，具有感情色彩11, 肯定句中表并列用and否定句、疑问句中表并列用or12, around the world= all over the world13, make a wish14, blow out15, in/ at one go16, get popular17, cut up （动副结构）18, bring good luck to19, different kinds of20, be short of 缺乏Unit 11 How was your school trip?1，一般过去时基本结构：主语+动词过去式+其他；否定形式：was / were + not;在行为动词前加 did nt，同时还原动词；一般疑问句： Was/Were+主语+其他？Did+主语+动词原形+其他？2，动词过去式规则变化：直接加 ed ;以不发音 e结尾的单词，直接加 d ；以辅音字母 +y结尾的，变 y为i加ed ;以 元音字母+y结尾的，直接加 ed;以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed不规则变化的动词过去式（见书本最后一页）3, How was your school trip?= what was your school trip like ?4 , Go for a walk5 , Milk a cow6 , Ride a horse7 , Quite a lot8 , Show sb around9 ,并列谓语的时态和数必须一致。10 , In the countryside11 , after that12, come out13, go on school trip14, along the way15, buy/ get sb sth= buy/ get sth for sb16, all in all17, 否定转移（主语为第一人称I或者we时）think, believe, suppose18, be interested in +n/ v-ing19, not at all20, diary entry21, Something意为某事，有些事”；anything意为任何事，任何东西”;everything意为每一件事”（其后的谓语动词要用单数）； nothing意为没事，什么事都没有”。Unit 12 What did you do last weekend?1, go+V-ing 与 do some +V-inggo+V-ing 表示 去从事某种活动”（一般指户外）go shopping/ swimming/ skating/dancing/ skiing/ climbing/ camping/ hikingdo some +V-ing 表示 从事某种活动”（一般指室内）do some writing/ washing/ cooking/ cleaning/ reading 2, go to the cinema3, camp by the lake4, study for a test study for the English test5, work as a guide6, livi ng habits7 , stay up late8 , shout at sb因生气或愤怒向某人吼叫；shout to sb对某人大声叫喊，目的是让人听见9 , run away10 , fly a kite11 , adj 修饰不定代词 adj 要放后面 something important, anything interesting12 , take sb to 带某人去13 , put up tents14 , make a fire15 , on the first ni ght16 , each other17 , get a terrible surprise18 , finish doing19 , look out of 从朝外看（window , door）look out at sth 向外眺望look out for留神、注意、小心、关心20 , feel/ watch/ see/ hear sb do sth 强调整个过程feel/ watch/ see/ hear sb doing sth 强调动作正在进行21, jump up and dow n22 , wake up23 , so +adj +that +结果状语从句如此以致”eg： I was so busy that I did n go to sleep for 3 days.The weather was so cold that they had to stay at home.The coat is so expensive that I don want to buy it.so that引导目的状语从句，以便，为了（ in order to）eg： they got up early so that they could catch the early bus.I raise my voice so that I can make myself heard.第12页共8页
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