An Analysis of Julien’s red and black characteristics in The Red and the Black

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题 目: An Analysis of Juliens red and blackcharacteristics in The Red and the Black 学生姓名：学 号学 院：专 业：班 级：指导教师： 二一三年四月An Analysis of Juliens red and black characteristics in The Red and the Black AThesisPresented to Foreign Language DepartmentShangrao Normal CollegeIn Partial Fulfillment of the RequirementsFor the Degree of Bachelor of Arts ByUnder the Supervision of April 2013 AbstractJulien Sorel is a great creation in the history of literature. The success of the role lies in the complex, wonderful description of complicated characteristicsRed Julien and Black Julien. As the son of a carpenter in a little village, Julien Sorel does not yield to the fate and devotes his short life to struggling with fate, and is eager to break the shackles of levels, but has suffered from the heart of the struggle. In the novel, the author creates the hero as a complicated figure. The red Julien expects the restoration of Napoleon Dynasty, and hates the priests and the nobles. However, the black Julien all the years wears the black cassock and pretends to be a priest. He is also jealous of the people living in the high society and wants to join them. This paper will analyze Juliens characteristics from these two Juliens, and illustrate the effect of era background and complicated character on his view of life, view of love, and his final choice. KeywordsStendhal; The Red and the Black; characteristics; Julien 摘要于连索尔是文学史上最成功的角色之一。其成功在作者于对于连性格的精彩描写和分析，成功塑造了这个具有红和黑双重性格的主人公。 关键词司汤达；红与黑；性格；于连 ContentsAbstract(English)Abstract(Chinese)1 Introduction1 2 Two Juliens 22.1Red Julien22.2 Black Julien42.3. The battles between red Julien and black Julien6 3 Characteristics and his ending7 4 Conclusion 8Acknowledgements .9Bibliography.11 1.IntroductionThe Red and the Black has been published about 200 years, written by Stendhal in 1830. Still now, The Red and the Black is one of most representative works in France and the world literature. The success lies in the fact that the novels successfully shapes of the black color of the society, and presents the distinct personality of artistic images. In The Red and the Black, Mr Monsieur, the mayor of the provincial town Verrires, hires Julien Sorel to be his childrens tutor. Julien is a carpenters son, but dreams of following the footsteps of his hero, Napoleon. However, in Juliens time, men gain power in the Church not in the army, so that he is trained to become a priest. The days in Mr Monsieurs, Julien decides to seduce the mayors wife, Mrs Monsieur, which is his means of revenging the society. Julienis sent to the Besanon seminary to avoid any further scandal as his adultery is exposed to the society.Julien is both enthralled and repulsed by Parisian society at the same time. He tries to fit in among the nobles but they treat him as a social inferior. However, the Marquiss daughter, Mathilde, falls in love with Julien and they become lovers. When Mathilde gets pregnant and tells the Marquis about her affair, he is furious, but soon ennobles Julien so Mathilde can marry him. Julien finally has the aristocratic title he always dreams of. But Mrs Monsieur sends the Marquis a letter denouncing Julien as a womanizer only concerned with making his fortune. The Marquis then refuses to let Mathilde marry Julien, who furiously returns to Verrires and shoots Mme. de Rnal. She survives, but Julien is sentenced to death anyway. Mme. de Rnal forgives Julien and dies of love three days after his executionsThe Red and the Black is a historical and psychological novel in two volumes. It is always cited as the first realistic novel in the literature history. There are two reasons for Stendhal to finish this masterpiece. A psychological portrait of the romantic protagonist, Julien Sorel, and an analytic, sociological satire of the French social order under the Bourbon Restoration(181430) .( Manzini, Francesco 2004: 8) The Red and the Black presents the ambitious of a young man at the bottom of the society in an small village of France. Julien is ambitious, clever and full of wisdom, while he fails to understand much about the ways of the world he tends to fight with. He lives in a over-idealized world. He dreams to be a hero like Napoleon who is acutely aware of having to play a role to gain social approval. The author creates a flexible and vivid figure. Once in an interview, someone asked the author about the title of the novel and its intrinsic meaning, Stendhal replied: RED means, if even the early birth of an era, it must be a soldier, but at that time he lived, he had to be a priest, it is BLACK. (Catherine Mariette1998: 50-51) This paper will focus on the hero Julien and analyze his dual characteristics in red and black. The red Julien is close to the earlier erathe red Napoleon Era, while the black Julien exists as the times require. They both successfully set up a typical role in its special environment. Itsshapely art structure and the using of line drawing are really outstanding. Its excellent mental description is very admirable. Realistic writers are paying much attention to the truth of detail, but the author does not like to depict the objective environment, but the roles inner characters. He writes this realistic novel in a romantic way and just uses several sentences to introduce the environment and the movement of roles, but uses large paragraphs to detail the roles interior psychological movement, Juliens happiness, distress and confession and his complicated psychological movement are incisively and vividly described. Besides, the scenery is a great part of this book. These descriptions contribute to the success of shaping the characteristics of red Julien and black Julien.2 Two Juliens2.1Red JulienLiterature is coming from life and reflecting the life. In this masterpiece, the story of Julien also has its realistic under structure. There are great similarities between Julien and Stendhal, especially the red Julien. They are both born in a small bourgeois (or middle-class) home and suffer an unfortunate childhood. They are both influenced by the ideas of Enlightenment and worship the same hero Napoleon. In this way, Stendhal is even crazier than Julien .It says in his Memoris, only because of political curiosity to stop the end of my own. （Stendhal 1831）Stendhal pays great passion in politics and love all of his lifetime. No matter what happens to him, he has the courage to fight for them. That is the positive, brave Red spirit. So to speak, the red Julien is the autobiography of Stendhal. In the novel, the hero Julien lives in a carpenters family in a village of Verrieres, he is not strong but intelligent. He has a dream to be a hero when he is young and Julien thinks that he is born as the hero like Napoleon. So he hates to do the same work, to be the same people as his family. He has suffered lots of physical violence from them in childhood. His mother has died when he is young. Thats what Stendhal has always suffered. Although he is born in a lawyers family, he is brought up by a poor and serious priest. He has suffered great pressure in both physical and mental. So there is a thought for fighting with the reality in his heart, and he places his dream and inspeakable thoughtson his most successful creation, the red Julien. This figure contains all of his view about society. The author is deeply inspired by the French bourgeoisie ideas. He is six years old when the Revolution of 1789 begins, young enough to approved of the new republic but also old enough to remember absolutism under Louis XVI. Tired of Paris, Stendhal tends to live in a more adventurous life. He gets his chance after Napoleon Bonapartes coup detat in 1799. Eager for military glory, Stendhal becomes an ardent supporter of Napoleon and enlisted in the French army in 1800. For the next fourteen years he fights in practically all of Napoleons campaigns, achieving glory in Italy and Austria, but also suffering a bitter defeat at the hands of Russia and Great Britain. Napoleons fall is also Stendhals. He is forced to flee to Italy as the Bourbon monarchy is reestablished in the place of the (Napoleonic) Empire.( Catherine Mariette 1998: 50-51)So in his masterpiece, the author pours all of his passion into Julien, both in love and politics. The story of Julien happens in a complicated era, known as the Restoration, marks a time of intense political debate. The fading aristocracy or conservatives tries to reintroduce absolutism and consolidate political power in the Catholic Church and the Army. But a rising middle class with commercial and industrial interests has become a dominant social force throughout France. Julien is a representative of the neo-political powerbourgeois. Consequently, in the aspect of Julien, he has the characteristics of bourgeois, the courage, innovation, the courage to struggle with the feudalism. Just as Julien says about himself The god has intended a noble heart for me. （Stendhal 1831）He regards himself as the savior of the world, thus he treats it as his task to duty to fight with the enemy, the upper class. The red Julien commences his great mission as a tutor, hired by Mr Monsieur, who is mayor of Verrires. His wife Mrs Monsieur, who is ten years older than Julien, is kind and tender. She marries with her husband when she is sixteen, with loveless marriage for about 10 years, she has never really loved her husband. Maybe she will be old and dies in the lonely and boring life. Then Julien comes into her life and seduces her. Although she is very religious and devout, she falls passionately in love with Julien. Even his second lover, Mathilde, the daughter of Marquis de la Mole, has attracted by him. Julien is fresh to them, and his appearance brings them new hope to life. In these two love affairs, Julien fullyshows his red spirit to her loves. He has particular enchantment which is different from what the two ladies has ever known. Julien is smart, young and vigorous. Julien is aware of the social difference between himself and Mrs Monsieur and Mathilde. He tries to play the part of a man who is accustomed to the brilliant success with women. In this way, Julien is a perfect actor. In those years he works in Mr Monsieurs, Julien has learnt the elegant manners of aristocratic society and pretends to be a real aristocrat. In the novel, the most successful creature, Julien, shows the "enthusiasm" and "determination" to the pursuit of dream, the rebellious spirit to class difference helps to build the heroic figure with fresh and blood. The experience of Juliens pursuit of heroism in his youth is the resistance of the te