状语从句课件

1. When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.2. We must camp where we can get water. 3. You shouldnt get angry just because some people speak ill of you.4. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go to the zoo. 5. Although he is very old, he is quite strong. A quiz:简单句？从句？什么从句？ 状语从句 What are “ Adverbial Clauses”? 在复合句中担任_成分的从句称为状语从句，修饰主句的谓语动词，形容词或副词等,或_ _的从句叫做 “状语从句”。状语修饰整个主句 状语从句分类1. 时间状语从句2. 地点状语从句3. 原因状语从句4. 条件状语从句5. 让步状语从句6. 目的状语从句7. 结果状语从句8. 方式状语从句9. 比较状语从句 1. The moment he comes, I will tell him.2. I wont know where he is until I get a letter from him.3. No sooner had she gone than it happened.1.时间状语从句 常用连词：_: when, while, as, _: since，ever since_: before_: after_: once_: till, until, notuntil_: as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner had sb donethan sb did, hardly/scarcely had sb donewhen sb did _: each/every time，next/last time, the first time, any time, by the time直到 才当的时候自从 以来还没就一就 在之前每次, 下次在之后一旦 1、when 的用法：（1）when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。如： 1.When the film ended, the people went back. 2.When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.when+持续性动词/非持续性动词强调特定时间 1. when, while, as 1. when, while, asEg: We were talking about it when the teacher came in. We were about to go out when the teacher came in.(2).when 也可作为并列连词，连接两个并列句，“那时”，“这时”=and then , and at that time. 常用于句式： Sb. was doing sth. when Sb. was about to do sth. when (刚要这时突然) 3) 从句和主句的谓语动词都为延续性动词时, 只能用while; While he was watching TV, I was reading. While I slept, a thief broke in. Father looked after the children while mother was away.while+持续性动词 2) while还可作并列连词, 前后形成对比, 表示“然而”. I like tea while she likes coffee1. when, while, as2、连接词while的用法1） while意思是“当的时候”或“在某一段时间内”，引导的从句动作必须是持续性的。 eg. People dont talk so loudly while others are working. 3as 的用法：(1) as 着重强调主句和从句的动作同时或几乎同时发生，如： The students rose as the teacher entered the classroom. (2)as还可以表示“随着”，如： As time goes by, it is getting warmer and warmer.(3) as 还能表示“一边一边”，如： He looked behind from time to time as he went. 4如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when, while与as 可互换使用。如： When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.1. when, while, asWhile/When/As we were still laughing, the teacher came in. _ I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of the store. _ John arrived, I was cooking lunch. _ he grew older, he lost interest in everything except gardening. I was reading _ he was watching TV. I was wandering through the street_ I caught sight of a tailors shop.While/When/AsWhen while whenAs Exercise when, while, as1._ we were talking, Mr. Smiths came in.2._ they came home, I was cooking dinner.3. I was about to go to bed _ I heard someone knock at the door.4. _ we were watching TV, he was studying.5. He is fat _ his brother is thin.6. _ she sang, tears ran down her face.While/ As/ WhenWhen whenWhile whileAs 1）“还未就;不到就;” We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. 我们航行了4天4夜才看到陆地. We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了. Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. 我还没来得及插话他就给我 量好了尺寸.2. before, after，sinceI. before 2）句型It will be/was一段时间before “还要过多久才” 如： It will be two years before he leaves the country. It was half a year before she came back.3）句型It will be/was not一段时间before “不多久就”，如： It was not long before he worked out the problem.It wont be long before we meet again. 2. before, after，since 1）Since 从句的时态若是一般过去时, 主句时态是现在完成时或现在完成进行时. I have written home four times since I came here. 自从我来到这儿, 我给家写了四封信. She has been working in this factory since she left school. 她离开学校以来就在这个工厂工作。II. since 2. before, since 2） It is/has been+一段时间+since从句 时间从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时 算起. It is/has been three years since the war broke out. 自战争爆发以来有三年了. It is/has been three years since I stopped smoking a cigar 我不吸烟有三年了. It is three years since I began to smoke.我吸烟有三年了. 2. before, since before,after,since1.He had left the town the day _ she arrived.2.It was not long _ he left his hometown.3.I played football _ I (had) finished my homework4.Please tell her Ill come _ I do some shopping. beforeafterbefore after 5. It will not be long _ we meet each other again.6. I _ (be) at his bedside since he _ (become) ill.7. It _ (be) two years since we _ (begin) to use this machine. beforehave beenbecameis/ has beenbegan 1. The research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time _ we meet them again. A. after B. before C. since D. when 2. We have never seen her again_ she went to work in another city. A. when B. as C. since D. while3. He was told that it would be at least three more months _ he could recover and return to work. A. when B. before C. since D. thatExercise 1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如： We waited until/till he came. I will stay with her until/till he comes back. 3. till, until, notunitl till 与until:1. He lived with his parents _ he graduated from college.2. Not _ he told me did I know the truth.3. The children _ (will come) home until/ till its dark.4. It was _ the war was over that he returned to his land.till/ untiluntil wont comenot until no soonerthanhardly/scarcelywhen 刚就A. 时态：主句用过去完成时（had + p.p.） 从句用一般过去时B. 倒装： no sooner/hardly/scarcely放句首，主句要到装4.一就as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, No sooner had sb donethan sb did, Hardly/Scarcely had sb donewhen sb did 2用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如： He wont go to bed till/until she returns.I wont leave until/till he comes back.3.till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it. I had no idea of it until you told me. I did not have any idea of it until you told me.4notuntil句型中的强调和倒装说法： It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.= 1.She had no sooner arrived at the station than the train started to move.=No sooner had she arrived at the station than .2.He had hardly entered the hotel when it began to snow.=Hardly had he entered the hotel when it began to snow 一就ill. 1._ he saw the monster, he turned pale.2、 The spy had _ returned home than he was told to go to another country.3、We had _returned home when it rained.4、_ had we begun when we told to stop.The moment/ minute/ Immediately/no soonerhardly/scarcelyHardly/ ScarcelyAs soon as 5. each/every time, next time, the first/last time, any time, all the time, by the time Each time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out. Be sure to call me next time you come here. He was ill the last time I visited him. By the time I graduate from this school, I will have been here for three years. 1. I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone.A. while B. afterC. In case D. the minute2. How long do you think it will take _ our product becomes popular with the consumers?A. when B. untilC. before D. sinceExercise 3. _ the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. since C. As D. While4. He was halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears.A. why B. where C. when D. while5. Hardly _ into the village _ it began to rain.A. we had got; when B. we got; thanC. had we got; when D. did we get; thanExercise Practice 1. How long has this bookshop been in business? -_ 1999. A. After B. In C. From D. Since2. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially _ Father was away in France. A. as B. that C. during D. if3. - I am going to the post office.-_ Youre there, can you get me some stamps? A. As B. While C. Because D. If4. Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up _ I could answer the phone. A. as B. since C. until D. beforeD AB D 5. Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes, I gave it to her _ I saw her. A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once6. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story. A. when B. unless C. after D. until7. Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken BD B 8. Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? Yes. He has never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade.A. after B. unless C. until D. when 9. He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. A. until B. when C. before D. as10. Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A. since B. after C. before D. when 11. It was evening _ we reached the little town of Winchester . A. that B. until C. since D. before CC CD 12. _ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand. A. While B. Since C. As D. If13. We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. A. when B. while C. until D. before14. We were told that we should follow the main road _ we reached the central railway station .A. whenever B. until C. while D. wherever A AB 15. Several weeks had gone by _I realized the painting, was missing. A. as B. before C. since D. when16. Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park _she was bitten on the leg by a lion.A. when B. while C. since D. once 17. It is almost five years _we saw each other last time.A. before B. since C. after D. when18. Simon thought his computer was broken_ his little brother pointed out that he had forgotten to turn it on. A. until B. unless C. after D. becauseBA B A 20. Did Jack come back early last night?Yes. It was not yet eight oclock_ he arrived home. A. before B. when C. that D. until21. - How long do you think it will be _ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon?- Perhaps two or three years. A. when B. until C. that D. before22. You cant have this football back _you promise not to kick it at my cat again, the old man said firmly. A. because B. since C. when D. untilBDD 1. I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _ I heard the steps.A. while B. when C. since D. after2. That was really a splendid evening. It s years _ I enjoyed myself so much. A. when B. that C. before D. since3. - Why didnt you tell him about the meeting?- He rushed out of the room _I could say a word. A. before B. until C. when D. after 4. The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time _ we meet them again. A. after B. before C. since D. when5. He was told that it would be at least three more months _he could recover and return to work.A. when B. before C. since D. that6. It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life _ weve actually had that lesson. A. until B. after C. since D. when 7、Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time _ Brian get back. A. before B. since C. till D. after8、Are you ready for Spain ? - Yes , I want the girls to experience that _ they are young .A. while B. until C. if D. before 9、I used to love that film _ I was a child, but I dont feel it that way any more. A. once B. when C. since D. although10、Jerry rushed home _ he heard the new, only _ that his wife was gone.A. as soon as; finding B. immediately; to findC. the moment; find D. when; found Summary 时间状语从句引导词:1.when, while, as, 2.since, after, before,3.till, until, notuntil, 4. as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner had sb donethan sb did, hardly/scarcely had sb donewhen sb did5.every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time, by the time, 2. 地点状语从句地点状语从句用连接副词 where或wherever 引导。e.g. 1. Just stay where you are. 2.You would let your children play where you can see them.3. You cant camp wherever you like these days. 4.You can put the book wherever you want to.where指“在某个地方”，wherever指“无论哪里，在任何一个地方”5. You can sit wherever you like. 6.Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you. 1. When he reads a book, his habit is to make a mark _ the meaning is unclear to him.A. there B. wherever C. the place D. in which2. If you are travelling _ the customs are totally different from your own, you may feel a cultural shock.A. in the place B. whichC. in which D. where 1.If you are staying_the customs are really foreign to your own，please do as the Romans do. A.in which B.what C.when D.where2.In peace，the Red Cross is expected to send help_there is human suffering.A.whoever B.however C.whatever D.wherever 3.-Mom，what did your doctor say？ -He advised me to live_the air is fresher. A.in where B.in which C.the place where D.where D D D 3. 原因状语从句原因状语从句的引导词有：because, as, since, for, now that（既然）, e.g. He didnt come to school because he was ill.eg. He might be ill, for he didnt come to school.表示“直接”原因。表示“间接的推断”原因.不可出现在句首。 summary:1.because直接原因，非推断语气最强回答why2.since表示“既然”，语气较弱；强调对方已经知晓，无需加以说明的原因，只可以放在句首。3.as“由于”，语气最弱，表示往往是十分明显的原因，常放在句首，比较口语化。4.for 放句中，对前面一句话的内容的补充说明 。用逗号开。 1. Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, _ this was a memory she especially treasured.A. as B. if C. when D. where2. Some people believe that _ oil is running out, the fate of the motor industry is uncertain.A. / B. though C. for D. since 用because, as, since 与for填空:1.-Why are you crying, meg? - _ Ive broken your necklace, mom.2. I went to bed early _ I was tired.3. I was not kind to him_ he was rude.4. _ I had a cold, I was absent from school.5. My mother was ill and I sent for Tom, _ he was a doctor.6. _ we are all here, lets begin our class.Because becausebecauseAs forSince 4. 条件状语从句e.g. a. Well come over to see you on Saturday if we have time.引导条件状语从句的连接词有:if, unless(除非), as/ so long as（只要）, so far as(据我所知), in case(假使，以防万一) ,on condition that(条件.), providing /provided (that) (假设）supposesupposing (that): 假设，如果，等 b. We should serve the people as / so long as we live.条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。 summary:1.条件状语从句中,如果主从句都表将来动作，主句用将来时态，从句用一般现在时态. If you dont hurry up, you will miss the plane.2、unless 相当于 if not，意思是“除非”“如果不就”。We cant get there on time unless we book the earliest flight.= We cannot get there on time if we dont book the earliest flight. 1. We will be able to get there on time, _ our car doesnt break down on the road.A. as soon as B. as far asC. as long as D. as well as2. In time of serious accidents, _ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives.A. whether B. untilC. if D. unless 3. _ you have tried it, you cant imagine how pleasant it is.A. Unless B. BecauseC. Although D. When4. The official soon realized that, _, things would get worse. unless dealt with properly if not properly dealing with it unless properly dealt with if dealt not properly with 5、The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. Aas long as Bwhile Cif Deven though6、 It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health. A. unless B. as long as C. although D. if as/so long as, as far as, in case1、_ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. 2、I always take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait. 3、Ill go _ you go.As far as in case as long as 与 as far as 都可引导条件状语从句，as long as 表示“只要”，as far as 表示“就而论（而言）”。in case 表示“以防”。as/so long as 1、You can have my bicycle for a fewdays _ you return it by Sunday.2、 _ anything importanthappens, please call me up.3、 _ you had one million dollars, what would you do? on condition thatIn caseSuppose/Supposing on condition that：条件是 in case :万一 supposesupposing (that): 假设，如果 5. 让步状语从句在复合句中表示让步概念的状语从句被称为让步状语从句。通常由下列词语引导：though, although, even if= even though, while, as, no matter who/how/what , whoever, whatever, however等。 (1)though/ although1、一般可互换：主句前可用yet, still, 常省略 但不能与but连用。 Though/ although it sounds strange, （yet） it is true.Though / Although he was old, he worked hard. He was old but he worked hard. though2. 副词,放句末.只能用though.“可是，然而”1).It was hard work, I enjoyed it, _.2).He said he would come; he didnt, _. though= as/though引导让步状语从句,表示“尽管、虽然”。但从句要倒装。句型为： adj./adv./单数n.(不加冠词)/v+as+主语+谓语 1、Young as she is, she can help her mother. 2、 Fast as he runs, he is the last one. 3、Try as you may, you might fail as well. 4、Late as it was, they kept on working.Strange_ it may seem, heremained single all his life.though/as (2)while意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句,但一般位于句首。1. Whileitwaslate,hewentonworking.2.Whileheisinpoorhealth,heworkshard.Though/ Although itwaslate,hewentonworking.=Though/ Although heisinpoorhealth,heworkshard. (3)“nomatter+疑问词”或“疑问词-ever”的含义为“都；不管都”它们引导的让步状语从句可以互换。2. Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.=Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.1. Nomatterwhoyouare,youmustkeepthelaw.=Whoeveryouare,youmustkeepthelaw.但“nomatter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词-ever”还可以引导名词性从句。1.Whatever(=Nomatterwhat)yousay,Iwontbelieveyou.3.Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.2.Illeatwhatever(nomatterwhat)yougiveme. 6. However (=Nomatterhow) expensive the dress is, Ill take it.4.Wherever he goes, Ill go. 5. Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you. 1. _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.A. While B. since C. Before D. Unless2. The workers are determined to go through with their railway project, _ the expenses have risen.A. as long as B. even thoughC. now that D. as though 3. _, he knows more than other children of his age.A. However young child he isB. Child as he isC. No matter how young child isD. What a young child he is4. I really want the match, however much _.A. does it cost B. costs itC. will it cost D. it costs 5. _ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.A. For now B. Now thatC. By now D. until6. _, the idea of having to work under a woman defeated him.A. Wanting the job very muchB. Although wanting the job badlyC. Though he wanted the job very muchD. He wanted the job badly 1.He went out, _ it was raining.2._ they are poor, they buy a great many books.3.Child _ he is, he has learnt advanced mathematics.though/althoughAlthoughasMore Exercise _he is a child, he has learnt advanced mathematics. No matter _ happens, dont be discouraged. No matter _ hard he tried, he couldnt open the door. No matter _ you go, you must write to your parents. No matter _ you marry in the future, he must be an honest man.howwherewhowhatEven if 六、目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的引导词有：so that, in order that (为了）for fear that, in case （以免， 以防） summary:1、目的状语从句中的谓语动词常与情态动词can, could, may, might, should等连用。如： Take this medicine so that you can recover soon.2、in order that 常用于正式文体，可放于句首，也可放于句中；而so that往往只放于句中。Take this medicine in order that you can recover soon.3、目的状语从句可以和动词不定式互换。如： Well sit in front of the hall so that/in order that we can hear better.=Well sit in front of the hall _ _ hear better. so as to/in order to 1. Roses need special care _ they can live through winter.A. because B. so thatC. even if D. as2. I dare not go there _ my parents will see me.A. in case of B. for fear ofC. in order that D. for fear that 1.He got up early _ he could catch the bus.2._ he could catch the bus, he got up early.3.I stayed at home all day _ you called.in order that/ so thatIn order thatso that, in order that ,for fear that, in casein case/for fear that 七、结果状语从句结果状语从句的引导词有：so, so that, sothat, suchthat 1、so that引导结果状语从句时，从句中不带情态动词，that有时可省略。如： He didnt plan his time well so (that) he didnt finished his work in time.2、当so/such置于句首时，so/such引导的句子要半倒装。如： Such a nice man is Mike that we all like him. So excited was he that he could not fall asleep.summary: 3、sothat和suchthat常用的搭配有：so +adj./adv.+ that 从句so +adj.+ a/an +可数名词单数形式+that so +many/much/few/little +n. +that such + a/an +adj. +可数名词单数+thatsuch +adj. +可数名词复数/不可数名词+that Jenny is such a clever girl that all the teachers liked her very much.=Jenny is _ that all the teachers liked her very much.He had _ few friends _ he often feels lonely. so clever a girlso that 1、I was caught in a shower, _ all my clothes got wet.2、Its _ cold _ the lake has frozen.3、There are _ many books there _ I dont know which one to borrow.4、Its _ good a book _ Ive read it ag