2.Archetypal Criticism of Jane Eyre

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Archetypal Reading of,Jane Eyre,Archetypal criticism is a critical theory that interprets a text by focusing on recurring archetypes.,The word“archetype”,according to the Swiss psychologist,Carl G.Jung,（荣格）,was used in ancient Greek,arche meaning“,root,”while typos“,pattern,”.,In literary works,some,narrative patterns,symbols and character types,are used repeatedly and thus a fixed form is established,which is called archetype.,Archetypal criticism reached in its peak in Northrop Fryes(,弗莱）,Anatomy of Criticism,.,He believed that archetypes suggest,some essential element of human existence.(Acardia,sun,moon),Examples:,The,quest,:the character(s)are searching for something,consciously or unconsciously.Their actions,thoughts,and feelings center around the goal of completing this quest.,(,The Pilgrims Progress,Odyssey,),The initiation:,the process by which a character is brought from innocence into maturity,usually with a lot of trials and difficulties.,(,David Copperfield,Jane Eyre,Sons and Lovers.,),The Scapegoat:,Tess,The Outcast:,Hester Prynne,The Devil figure,:Satan,Fagin,The Wise Mother,:Christophine,The unfaithful wife,:Madame Bovary,Anna Karenina,Lady Chatterley,The Cinderlla Story,(Charles Perrault,Tales of My Mother Goose,1697),The Cinderella story revolves around a girl named Cinderella.,After the death of her mother,she lives with her stepsisters and stepmother and is degraded into a servant.,When the household drudgery is done,she sits in the,cinders,at the corner of the hearth,hence her name.,One day,an invitation comes to every girl to attend a royal ball.,Her stepsisters having gone to the ball,she is left crying at home.,Her,fairy godmother,arrives,providing her with beautiful clothes,a coach,out of a pumpkin and,six horses,from mice,on condition that she returns before the stroke of 12.,The prince falls in love with her.,She hurries away at midnight,leaving behind one glass slipper.The prince announces that he will only marry the girl whose foot can fit the slipper.,Cinderella turns out to be the girl and she marries the prince.,As the most popular literary archetype,Cinderella,has its variants in every corner of the world.,Jane Eyre,is just one of them.,The two works have a lot in common,such as the plot,the characters,etc.,Similarities in Plot,Two features are essential to all Cinderellas and set down the basic narrative pattern:,an initially ill-treated heroine with inner worth;,her eventual ascent from rags to riches.,Cinderella is abused at home but she gets the help from the godmother and wins the prince.Cinderellas innate worth is seen in her contrast with her stepsisters.,Similarly,Jane lives as,a humble,cinder girl,at Gateshead,Lowood as well as Thornfield.,Because of her,moral superiority and wisdom,she obtains help from Miss Temple and wins the love of Rochester.,Janes inner worth is in,contrast,with her aunt,her cousins,Helen Burns and Blanche Ingram.,Their inner worth justifies their elevation.,The Supernatural Logic and Fairy-tale Coincidence,Fantasy is the essence of the fairy tale,.,Like,Cinderella,(the,godmother,the,glass slipper),Jane Eyre,is full of coincidence and fantasy,Mason happens to be her uncles business partner.,As a result,Mason is able to reveal the truth at the,wedding,.(coincidence),The Rivers happened to be,her cousins,.(coincidence),The mysterious call,from Rochester is also supernatural.,Carl Jung believed that archetypes were the result of,a collective unconscious,.,One reason for the success of,Jane Eyre,might be,the Cinderella complex,in the readers.,The essence of the Cinderella story is an open-ended,unfounded expectaion of good fortune.,An application of the archetypal criticism takes us,beyond the historical contexts,back to,the humankinds oldest beliefs and deep into our own individual heart,.,However,Jane Eyre,is,not a simple imitation of,Cinderella,in the sense that the novel,has given a severe criticism of the society,and has explored the gender issue.,