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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,简单句,六大基本句型结构,找一找,由于这件事情，严肃的周老师骂罪魁祸首的我骂得狗血淋头。,主干：主语+谓语+宾语（SVO）,定语：严肃的，罪魁祸首的,状语：由于这件事情,补语：骂得狗血淋头,口诀,主谓宾定状补，句子成分要分清楚；,句子主干主谓宾，枝叶部分定状补；,定语用在主宾前，谓前为状谓后为补；,还有助词的地得，帮助区分定状补。,句型,1,：,主系表结构,：,Subject(,主语,),Link.V(,系动词,),Predicate(,表语,),这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。,系动词,包括,be,动词、感官动词、表示变化和持续的动词,等,表语,一般由,名词、形容词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词,等充当。,句型,2,：,主谓结构,：,Subject(,主语,),Verb(,谓语,),这种句型中的动词大多是,不及物动词,，常见的动词：,work,sing,swim,fish,jump,arrive,come,die,disappear,cry,happen,等。,1)Li Ming works very hard.,2)The little girl cried even harder.,3)The accident happened yesterday afternoon.,1.I like popular music.,2.Smoking does harm to the health.,3.The rich should help the poor.,4.He enjoys reading.,SVO,句型,3,：,主谓宾结构,：,Subject(,主语,),Verb(,谓语,),Object(,宾语,),这种句型中的动词一般为,及物动词,。其宾语通常由,名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词,或从句等来充当。,1)He took,his bag,and left.,（名词）,2)Li Lei always helps,me,when I have difficulties.(,代词,),3)She plans,to trave,l in the coming May Day.,（不定式）,4)I dont know,what I should do next.,(,从句,),句型,4,：,主谓宾宾结构,Subject(,主语,),Verb(,谓语,),Indirect object(,间接宾语,),Direct object(,直接宾语,),这种句型中，,直接宾语,为主要宾语，在句中不可或缺，常常由表示,“物”,的名词来充当；,间接宾语,也被称之为第二宾语，去掉之后，对整个句子的影响不大，多由指,“人”,的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有：,buy,pass,lend,give,tell,teach,show,bring,send,等。,此结构由,主语,+,及物谓语动词,+,间接宾语（人）,+,直接宾语（事物）,组成；但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词,to,或,for,。,用,to,侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。用,for,侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。常跟双宾语的动词有：,（需借助,to,的）,bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask,等。（需借助,for,的）,buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,sing,save,spare,等。,句型,5,：,主谓宾宾补,结构：,Subject(,主语,),Verb(,动词,),Object(,宾语,),Complement(,补语,),这种句型中的“宾语 补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语的主要作用或者是,补充、说明宾语的特点、身份,等；或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。担任补语的常常是,名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式,等。,1,）,You should keep the room clean and tidy.,（形容词）,2)We made him our monitor.(,名词,),3)His father told him not to play in the street.(,不定式,),常见的动词有,:tell,ask,advise,help,want,would like,order,force,allow,等。注意：动词,have,make,let,see,hear,notice,feel,watch,等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时，不带,to,。,1)The boss made him do the work all day.,2)I heard her sing in the next room all the time last night.,KEY,POINTS,2,.,宾语补足语,一些感官动词和使役动词常用不带to的不定式做宾补,如：,一个感觉两个听，（feel;listen to,hear），三让四看一逃兵，(let,make,have;look at,see,watch,notice;get sb to do sth)，援军做了墙头草，(help sb do/to do)（see/hear也可+sb./sth.doing）,这些大家要记清,.,句型,6,：,There be,句型：,There be+,主语,+,其它,这一结构表示“某地有某物”。,主语一般位于,there be,之后,。值得关注的是，当句中有两个或更多的主语时，动词一般和最近的一个保持一致：,1)There are two girls and a boy running on the playground.,2)There is a boy and two girls running on the playground.,1.The boy is asleep.,(_,式,),2.The boy is sleeping.,(_,式,),3.The boy is playing the guitar.,(_,式,),4.He is playing happily.(_,式,),5.His music is very beautiful.,(_,式,),6.It is beautiful music.(_,式,),二）判断这些句子的类型,1.She is a very good girl.(_,式,),(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,),2.The girl is very good.(_,式,),(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,),3.They laughed.(_,式,),(_,语,)(_,词,),4.The kites fly in the sky.(_,式,),(_,语,)(_,词,),5.I bought a new bike.(_,式,),(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,),6.He plays volleyball.(_,式,),(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,),7.She told me a story.(_,式,),(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,),8.He gave me a good book.(_,式,),(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,),9.He asked me to help him.(_,式,),(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,),10.He made me happy.(_,式,),(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,),写出下面句子的结构类型：,He feels disappointed.,I love operas.,She always tells me jokes.,The children cried and shouted every day.,The smiling faces of his children made him happy again.,She is quiet and shy.,My father bought me a useful dictionary.,Mrs.Von Trapp died.,She taught the children to sing lively songs and perform short and funny plays to cheer them up.,You may become unhappy sometimes.,
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