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Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,The Economics of Travel and Tourism,教学目的,通过本课程,学,学习，掌握,和,和了解旅游,经,经济学的学,科,科特点、研,究,究对象、研,究,究内容和研,究,究方法，从,总,总体上掌握,旅,旅游经济学,的,的理论体系,和,和结构。,教学方法,根据教材内,容,容、课程体,系,系、双语课,的,的教学要求,以,以及学生的,接,接受能力，,适,适当对教材,内,内容进行删,减,减，并相应,增,增加相关内,容,容，补充一,些,些旅游经济,学,学案例，让,学,学生在掌握,理,理论的同时,，,，学会应用,。,。,参考书目,1.,旅游经济学,，,，郑州大学,出,出版社，田,孝,孝蓉,2.,旅游经济学,，,，上海人民,出,出版社，陶,汉,汉军，林南,枝,枝,3.,旅游经济学,，,，南开大学,出,出版社，罗,明,明义,4.,旅游经济学,，,，东北财经,大,大学出版社,，,，龙江智翻,译,译,5.,旅游经济学,理论与发展,，,，东北财经,大,大学，厉新,建,建，张辉,考核方式：,开卷考试或,半,半开半闭；,平时成绩占,30%,；考试成绩,占,占,70%,。,The Economics of Travel and Tourism,Chapter 1,Introduction,1.tourism,Tourism isneither aphenomenon nora simpleset of industries.It isa human activity,which encompasseshuman behavior,useof resources,and interactionwithother people,economiesand environments.,It also involves physicalmovementof tourists tolocales other than theirnormal living places.Althoughmosttourism aroundtheworldis aformof recreation,thusimplyinguse of anindividual,sdiscretionary time,some tourismis inevitably linkedwithobligations,such as businessor healthrequirements.,The definition,旅游是游览,为,为目的的旅,行,行，是人们,出,出于各种个,人,人或社会动,机,机，离开居,住,住地区到另,一,一个地区或,另,另一个国家,旅,旅行游览一,段,段时间，然,后,后返回原住,地,地的整个活,动,动过程。,Though there are different definitions abouttourism,it isgenerallyagreed that travel and tourismincludes.,（,1,）,tourist needs and motivations,；,（,2,）,tourism selection behavior andconstraints,（,3,）,travel away from home,；,（,4,）,market interactionsbetween tourists andthose supplying productsto satisfy touristneeds,；,（,5,）,impacts ontourists,hosts,economies and environments,。,economicsplaysa role inmanyof theseareas,particularlywherethere isa need toanalyze marketforces relationdemand bytouriststo supplyof products,and in analyzing economicimpacts and measures tocontrol tourism,s effects.,Itisalsoimportanttointerrelateeconomicswiththesociology,psychologyandgeographyoftourismontheonehand;ontheotherhand,economicsplaysaroleinplanning,managementandmarketingintravelandtourismorganizationanddestination.,2.thetourismindustry,Productsandservicesarepartsoftouristrequirements,andtourismindustryencompassesawholemassoforganizations,majorityofwhicharelikelytobeinvolvedinpassengercarriage,accommodationandamenitiesorattractions.,Inaddition,however,therearespecificandsupportingorganizations,suchastouristinformationcenters,souvenirmanufacturersandretailers,orbrochuredistributioncompanies.,Becauseofthiscomplexrange,itisusefultoattempttoclassifytheindustryintosectors.Onesuchclassificationproduces:,（,1,）,carriersinanyformoftransportfortouristtravel,；,（,2,）,accommodation,；,（,3,）,man-madeattractionswhichcouldalsoincludethemanagedareasofnaturalattractions,；,（,4,）,privatesectorsupportservices,；,（,5,）,publicsectorsupportservices,；,（,6,）,middlemensuchastourwholesalersandtravelagents.,Bytheirnature,themajorityoforganizationsintravelandtourismareconcernedprimarilywiththeirownindividualproduct,andprobablyatbestwiththemarketplacerepresentedwithintheirsector.Whenaskedwhattheir,productis,mosthotelierswillreply,accommodation,mostagents,travelservices,andsoon.,3tourismproduct,Thus,intheirview,whilstadmittingtobeingwithinthetravelandtourismindustry,mostwillnotclaimtobesupplyingaproductcalledtourism.Indeed,somebusinesses-suchasrestaurantsintouristareas-maybesellingprincipallytotourists,soarepartofthetourismindustry,whereasotherssupplyingasimilarphysicalproduct,buttonon-tourists-suchasrestaurantsincitybusinessdistricts-arenotreallypartofthetourismindustry.,3 tourismproduct,This immediately createsaproblem in anyeconomicanalysisofthefield,in thatthe products felttobesuppliedbymembersoftheindustryare notnecessarilythesameasthoseproductsperceivedtobeindemand by consumers.Touristsonthe whole arelikelytohavea moreglobal conceptofthe travelandtourismproduct which theyare buyingthan areindividual suppliers.,从旅游,市,市场角,度,度,from theview of tourismmarket,旅游产,品,品是指,旅,旅游者,和,和旅游,经,经营者,在,在市场,上,上交换,的,的、主,要,要用于,旅,旅游活,动,动中所,消,消费的,各,各种物,质,质产品,和,和服务,的,的总和,。,。,从旅游,需,需求方,面,面看,from thetourism demands,旅游产,品,品是旅,游,游者花,费,费一定,时,时间、,费,费用和,精,精力所,获,获得的,一,一段旅,游,游经历,和,和感受,。,。它包,括,括从旅,游,游者离,开,开常住,地,地开始,到,到达目,的,的地旅,游,游、再,到,到旅游,结,结束回,到,到常住,地,地的全,部,部过程,中,中所接,触,触的各,种,种实物,和,和所接,受,受的各,种,种服务,的,的整个,经,经历和,感,感受。,3 tourismproduct,3 tourismproduct,Forexample,one touristmay reallywish to purchase thechancetosit on asunnybeachfor aweek,toobtain theendbenefitsoftotalrelaxation,restoredwell-beingandagood suntan.,Another simplydemands theopportunityforaface-to-facebusinessmeetinginordertoclosea sales contract forhisorher company.In neithercasearethesetouristsreally seekingtobuy tradeableproducts,but rathera dream,totalexperience,activityorbusinessopportunity.,从旅游,供,供给者,方,方面,from theview of tourismsuppliers,是指旅,游,游经营,者,者凭借,一,一定旅,游,游资源,、,、旅游,设,设施和,其,其他媒,体,体，向,旅,旅游者,提,提供并,能,能满足,其,其在旅,游,游活动,中,中所需,要,要的各,种,种产品,和,和服务,的,的总和,。,。,3 tourismproduct,4.Theeconomicsoftravel andtourism,4.1the definition,旅游经,济,济学
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