脑中风后的恢复与治疗概要课件

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,+,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,+,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,+,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,+,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,+,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,+,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,+,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,+,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,+,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,+,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,+,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,+,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,+,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,+,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,+,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,+,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,+,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,+,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,腦中風,後,的,恢復與治療,腦中風後的恢復與治療,Young at heart,Evidence for cardiomyocyte renewal in humans,Carbon14-dated age of cardiomyocytes,Cardiomyocytes renewed with a gradual decrease from 1%turning over annually at the age of 25,to 0.45%at the age of 75.Fewer than 50%of cardiomyocytes are exchanged during a normal life span,Bergmann et al.2009,Science,Young at heart Evidence for c,Nuclear weapons and neurogenesis,no more cortical neurons in normal adults,Bhardwaj et al.2006,PNAS,How about after stroke?,Nuclear weapons and neurogenes,Barriers restrain CNS regeneration,Neuronal death,Glial cells inhibit nerve growth,Most neural stem cells are constrained,Few exceptions in lower vertebrates and in olfactory pathway and hippocampus in mammals,Barriers restrain CNS regenera,Plasticity of adult human brain,Ward NS et al.,Brain,2003,Plasticity of adult human brai,Spontaneous changes in brain after stroke,Cramer,08,Annals of Neurology,Spontaneous changes in brain a,Consequence of hypoxia-ischemia,Features of energy metabolism in brain,High metabolic rate,Limited intrinsic energy stores,Dependence on aerobic metabolism of glucose,Within seconds,ATP level fall,lactic acidosis,ion pumps dysfunction(Na/K ATPase),rundown of transmembrane ion gradients,membrane depolarization,voltage-sensitive ion channels open,K efflux after a min,Na,Ca ion gradient lost and influx,Ca overload enhance glutamate release,cell death,Consequence of hypoxia-ischemi,脑中风后的恢复与治疗概要课件,Ischemic apoptosis in parallel with necrosis,Deprivation of growth factor support,Addition of NGF or bFGF reduce injury,Oxidative stress,Antioxidants:glutathione,superoxide dismutase(SOD)1,Prolonged deficits in energy metabolism,Increased inflammatory cytokines,IL-1,TNF,TGF,Transgenic mice overexpressing,bl2,had smaller infarcts,Ischemic apoptosis in parallel,Penumbra,Lo,2008,PenumbraLo,2008,Recent therapeutic developments of stroke,Prevention,Acute treatment,rt-PA thrombolysis,even for minor stroke(Gonzales et al.2006),Neuroprotection,Ebselen,anti-inflammatory selenocomound mimic glutathione,NXY-059,antioxidant nitrogen spin trap,Stem cell transplantation,G-CSF,endogenous stem cell-mobilizing agent,phase I for acute MCA stroke by Shyu et al.,2006,Rehabilitation,Transcranial magnectic or direct current stimulation,Hummel&Cohen 2006 Review,Recent therapeutic development,tPA for brain