高考真题及答案详解之数词与主谓一致

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,高考真题及答案详解,数词在高考中的考查重点：,1.,基数词的确指和不确指；,2.,数词与主谓一致关系；,3.dozen,和,score,的用法；,4.,序数词与冠词的连用。,主谓一致在高考中的考查重点：,最常见的形式是主谓一致的考查；分数和百分数作主语、数量词作主语仍将是考查重点（,as well as; together with; along with; not onlybut also; rather than; neithernor; eitheror; the number of,与,a number of,等要特别关注）；,【,2011,安徽卷）,27,】,The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _ saved for other purposes.,A. is B. are C. was D. were,【,答案,】,D,【,考点,】,考查主谓一致和时态。,【,解析,】,定语从句中先行词是,the raw materials,，故定语从句应与先行词数的一致，用复数，上文时态为过去式，故选,D,。句意为：工厂用了这种原材料的,65%,，剩余部分节省出来作他用。,【,2011,湖南卷,)26,】,One third of the country _covered with trees and the majority of the,citizens_black,people.,A. is; are B. is; is C. are; are D. are; is,【,答案,】,A,【,考点,】,考查主谓一致。,【,解析,】,整个国家为整体，三分之一的部分当然也应用单数；而,the majority of citizens,主要指人，是可数名词，此时的谓语动词用复数，表示“大多数，大部分”。,10,全国,Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ evening dress.,A.wear B.wears C.has worn D.have worn,答案,B,考点,考查主谓一致和时态。,解析,首先,the only one of .,为先行词时,定语从句修饰的是,one,即,one,是主语,而非后面的复数,women,根据主谓一致的原则,谓语动词应该用复数,排除,A, D,。另外,从 “,is”,可以看出句子是要表示一种习惯,因此要用一般现在时,排除,C,故选,A,10,湖南,Listening to loud music at rock concerts,caused hearing loss in some teenagers.,A. is B. are C. has D. have,答案,C,考点,主谓一致,解析,根据动名词短语作主语,句子的谓语动词用单数形式,由此排除,B,、,D,两项,根据主语与,caused,的主动关系,排除,A,项,10,四川,Such poets as Shakespeare,widely read, of whose works, however, some,difficult to understand.,A. are,；,are B. is,；,is C. are,；,is D. is,：,are,答案,A,考点,考查主谓一致。,解析,主句中的主语应为,poets,谓语动词用复数,其后的非限制性定语从句的主语应为,some of whose works,谓语动词也应是复数。故选,A,。,09,山东,The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ rising steadily since1990.,A. is B. are C. has been D. have been,答案,C,考点,本题考查主谓一致和时态。,解析,主语是,the number,故谓语动词用单数,又因时间状语是,since 1997,所以用完成时态。,09,四川,The teacher together with the students _ discussing Reading Skills that _ newly published in America.,A. are; were B. is; were C. are; was D. is; was,答案,B,考点,考查主谓一致。,解析,A together with B,作主语时谓语动词与,A,的单复数保持一致；第二空为定语从句,that,指代,Reading Skills,由于,Reading Skills,是书名所以谓语动词用单数。,09,湖南,Either you or one of your students _ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.,A. are B. is C. have D. be,答案,B,考点,主谓一致的用法。,解析,Either or.,连接两个主语,按就近原则来确定谓语的单复数。,One of your students,谓语应用单数形式。,09,陕西,Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters,visit Beijing this summer.,A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to,答案,A,考点,考查动词时态和主谓一致。,解析,主语中心词是,Dr. Smith,表单数,谓语动词用单数形式；时间状语是,this summer,表计划性的将来,故时态用一般将来时,选,A,。,09,江西,According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer _ a woman.,A. than B. such C. so D. as,答案,D,考点,本题考查比较级的结构。,解析,as . as ,注意句中的,more than,只是修饰,twice,。,09,辽宁,Peters jacket looked just the same as Jacks, but it cost,his.,A. as much twice as B. twice as much as,C. much as twice as D. as twice much as,答案,B,考点,考查,as-as,同级比较前的修饰语位置。,解析,twice,应该放在第一个,as,之前,选,B,符合。,08,陕西,Did you go to the show last night?,Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area,invited.,A.were,B.have,been,C.has,been,D.was,答案,D,考点,本题考查主谓一致。,解析,主语是,every boy and girl,表示单数概念,故谓语动词用单数,且询问昨晚的情况,有明确的过去时间,所以应选择,was,。,07,江西,A survey of the opinions of experts,that three hours of outdoor exercise a week,good for ones health.,A.show,; are,B.shows,; is,C.show,; is,D.shows,; are,答案,B,考点,本题考查主谓一致。,解析,由,a survey,可知第一个空用,shows,首先排除,A,、,C,两项；第二个空前的时间,three hours of outdoor exercise a week,表示抽象概念,看作单数,故其谓语动词用单数形式。,07,湖南,We live day by day, but in the great things, the time of days and weeks,so small that a day is unimportant.,A.is,B.are,C.has,been,D.have,been,答案,A,考点,本题考查主谓一致。,解析,句意为,:,几天和几周的时间是如此的渺小,以致于一天根本微不足道。本句用来陈述事实,用一般现在时态；空白处所在句子的主语是,the time,谓语动词应用单数形式。,07,陕西,As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area,.,A.need,repairing,B.needs,to repair,C.needs,repairing,D.need,to repair,答案,A,考点,本题考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。,解析,分数、百分数修饰名词,谓语动词的单复数取决于名词,此处,two-thirds,修饰,buildings,故谓语动词取决于名词复数,buildings ,排除,B,、,C,两项, need doing=need to be done,意为 “需要被做”。,07,上海,A survey of the opinions of experts,that three hours of outdoor exercise a week,good for ones health.,A. show; are B. shows; is C. show; is D. shows; are,答案,B,考点,本题考查主谓一致。,解析,由,a survey,可知第一个空用,shows,首先排除,A,、,C,两项；第二个空前的时间,three hours of outdoor exercise a week,表示抽象概念,看作单数,故其谓语动词用单数形式。,07,浙江,Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where _ yet.,A. hasnt been decided B. havent decided,C. isnt being decided D. arent decided,答案,A,考点,本题考查主谓一致及动词的时态。,解析,根据句意,此处应用被动语态,不用主动语态,故排除,B,；又因为,when and where,表示单数意义,故排除,D,；再根据句末的,yet,可知,最好用现在完成时,故选,A,最佳。,07,浙江,It is reported that the floods have left about,people homeless.,A.two,thousand,B.two,-thousands,C.two,thousands,D.two,thousands of,答案,A,考点,本题考查数词的用法。,解析,hundred, thousand, million, billion, dozen, score,等指具体数字时,不用复数形式；指大约数字时,常用复数形式。如：,one hundred, two thousand, three million, hundreds/thousands/millions/billions/dozens/scores of,。,06,北京,She went to the bookstore and bought,.,A.dozen,books,B.dozens,books,C.dozen,of books,D.dozens,of books,答案,D,考点,本题考查,dozen,的用法。,解析,dozen,意为 “一打,十二个”,与数词连用时要用单数形式。与,of,连用时要用复数形式。,dozens of,意为 “若干,许许多多”。,dozen,与数词或,many, several,连用时其后不加,s,；,dozen,前有基数词表示确切数字时,其后一般不与,of,连用。,06,浙江,The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third,used,regularly.Now,we have 60 working all day long.,A.is,B.are,C.was,D.were,答案,D,考点,本题考查主谓一致及动词的时态。,解析,当分数、百分数作主语时,要根据其后面的名词来决定其谓语动词的单复数。此处,one-third,应是,one-third of the notebook computers,的省略形式,因此谓语动词用复数,且句子的时态用了过去时,所以,D,项正确。,06,安徽,Most of what has been said about the Smiths,also true of the Johnsons.,A.are,B.is,C.being,D.to,be,答案,B,考点,此题考查主谓一致的用法。,解析,名词性从句作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。另外句中,be true of,意为 “对,也适应”。,06,江苏,A poet and artist,coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.,A.is,B.are,C.was,D.were,答案,A,考点,此题考查主谓一致的用法。,解析,由时间状语 “,tomorrow afternoon”,判断,此处应用现在进行时表将来,故排除,C,、,D,两项。 “,a poet and artist”,指一位诗人兼画家,谓语动词用单数,故选,A,项。,06,辽宁,The father as well as his three children _ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.,A. is going B. goC. goes D. are going,答案,C,考点,此题考查主谓一致的用法。,解析,从语法讲解的角度来看,主语,The father,是单数概念,尽管后面跟有,as well as his three children,谓语动词仍要用单数形式。,every Sunday afternoon in winter,暗示该空表示经常性、习惯性动作,因此应用一般现在时。从命题方式的角度看,此题学生易弄混淆主语为,his three children,而出错,在主语后添加,his three children,容易误导学生对主语的判断。,05,全国,II,As you can see, the number of cars on roads _ rising these days.,we keeping B. Keep,C. Keeps D. were keeping,答案,C,考点,此题考查主谓一致的用法。,解析,a number of,为量词短语,表示“许多,”,中心词是这个短语所修饰的复数名词,所以作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。,the number of,表示“,的数量”,后接复数名词,其中,中心词为,number,因此谓语动词用单数。由此可以排除,B,；同时, “these days”,表明是现在的一种状态,句子应为一般现在时,因此应填,keeps,选,C,。如你所见,现在路上的车子的数量不断增加。,05,辽宁,Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, _ in the clothing industry.,A. is working B. works C. work D. worked,答案,C,考点,此题考查主谓一致的用法。,解析,首先,especialy,those from the countryside,是修饰,women,的,可以把它抛开不看,句子精简后就是,a large number of,women_(in)the,clothing industry,因为,a large number of,是很多的意思,所以用动词一般现在时的复数形式。,05,上海,Professor Smith, along with his assistants,on the project day and night to meet the deadline.,A.work,B.working,C.is,working,D.are,working,答案,C,考点,此题考查主谓一致的用法。,解析,该句主语是,Professor Smith,故而谓语动词用单数。,05,山东,With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth,each year.,A.is,washing away,B.is,being washed away,C.are,washing away,D.are,being washed away,答案,D,考点,考查主谓一致。,解析,句意为：随着更多森林被毁,每年有许多良田被冲走。,quantities of,后既可接不可数名词,也可接可数名词,其谓语动词用复数,故选,D,项。,05,山东,The country life he was used to _ greatly since 1992.,A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed,答案,B,考点,考查主谓一致和时态。,解析,he was used to,是定语从句,作,the country life,的定语。即,The country life (that) he was used to has changed greatly since 1992,04,全国,II,It is reported that the United States uses _ energy as the whole of Europe.,A. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much,答案,D,考点,考倍数表达法的句型,.,倍数,+as+,形容词（或,much,）或副词,+as,解析,据报道,美国使用的能源是整个欧洲的两倍。,04,上海春,No one in the department but Tom and I _ that the director is going to resign.,A. knows B. know C. have known D. am to know,答案,A,考点,考查主谓一致和时态。,解析,这个句子中,谓语动词取决于主语,No one,。可把这个句子写成：,No one in the department knows that the director is going to design but (=except Tom and me),。原句中的,I,正规的语法中应该是,me,。这句话的意思是说,整个部门除了我和,Tom,没有人知道老板要辞职的事情。主语是“,no one”,所以用,knows,第三人称单数。,04,广东,All the employees except the manager _to work online at home.,A. encourages B. encourage C. is encouraged D. are encouraged,答案,D,考点,本题考查时态和主谓一致。,解析,主语是,all the employees(,复数,) ,而不是,the manager,排除答案,A,和,C,；又因,all the employees,与,encourage,是被动关系,要用被动语态,排除,B,故选,D,。,04,北京,The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.,A. was B. were C. had been D. would be,答案,A,考点,本题考查时态和主谓一致。,解析,由,when the earthquake struck,可知,要用一般过去时,排除,C,和,D,；又因为主语是单数,the teacher,所以只有,A,正确。,04,福建,She has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book _ 50 million.,A. have reached B. has reached C. are reaching D. had reached,答案,B,考点,本题考查时态和主谓一致。,解析,本句话的真正主语应该是,the sales,即书的销量达到,50,000,000,。,04,上海春,No one in the department but Tom and I _ that the director is going to resign.,A. knows B. know C. have known D. am to know,答案,A,考点,考查主谓一致。,解析,句子主语中有,but,需考虑就远原则,与真正的主语,No one,人称一致。,03,北京,He did it _ it took me.,one-third a time B. one-third time,C. the one-third time D. one-third the time,答案,D,考点,本题考查分数与冠词。,解析,time,后接定语从句时,前面要加定冠词,the,。,onethird the time,表“三分之一的时间”。,03,上海春,Many students signed up for the _ race in the sports meeting to be held next week.,A. 800-meter-long B. 800-meters-long,C. 800 meter length D. 800 meters length,答案,A,考点,本题考查含数词的复合形容词。,解析,800-metre-long,为复合形容词,其中的名词须用单数形式。,03,上海春,When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _ yet.,A. are not decided B. have not been decided,C. is not being decided D. has not been decided,答案,D,考点,本题考查时态和主谓一致。,解析,疑问词,+,不定式作主语,谓语动词用单数,同时, yet,暗示完成时,现在还没有被决定。,02,北京春,-,- How are the team playing?,- Theyre playing well, but one of them,hurt.,A. got B. gets C. are D. were,答案,A,考点,本题考查主谓一致和时态的用法。,解析,首先从主谓一致入手, one of them,为单数主语,可以先排除,C,和,D,；根据句意, “,有个人受伤了”应该是一般过去时,因此答案为,A,。,02,上海春,He is the only one of the students who _a winner of scholarship for three years.,A. is B. are C. have been D. has been,答案,D,考点,本题考查主谓一致和时态的用法。,解析,定语从句先行词前有,the only,修饰,从句中谓语动词只能用单数；同时, for three years.,说明用现在完成时。,02,上海春,Americans eat _ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.,A. more than twice B. as twice as many C. twice as many as D. more than twice as many,答案,D,考点,本题考查倍数表达。,解析,倍数表达方式之为,:,主语,+is/was+,倍数,+as,形容词原级,+as+,被比较的对象。,01,上海,_ people in the world are sending information by E-mail every day.,Several million B. Many millions,C. Several millions D. Many million,答案,A,考点,本题考查,million,的用法。,解析,million,前可用,several,修饰,此时其后不能加,-s, many,不能修饰,million,。表达“几百万”也可用,millions of,。答案为,A,。,01,上海,As a result of destroying the forest, a large _ of desert _ covered the land.,A. number, has B. quantity, has C. number, have D. quantity, have,答案,B,考点,本题考查名词的修饰和主谓一致问题。,解析,a large number of,修饰可数名词,所以先排除,A,的,C,项；,desert,为不可数名词,后面的谓语动词应该用单数,has,所以正确答案是,B,。,00,上海春,Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.,A. is used B. are used C. has been used D. have been used,答案,C,考点,本题考查主谓一致和时态问题。,解析,主语的,means,为单数名词,意思是 “手段、方法”,因此,要先排除,B,和,D,项；根据句意 “所有阻止空气污染的方法都用过了,但天空气还是不干净。”,可见,此处应该用现在完成时。因此答案应为,C,。,00,全国春,All the preparations for the task _, and we are ready to start.,A. completed B. complete C. had been completed D. have been completed,答案,D,考点,本题考查名词的主谓一致。,解析,首先,根据句意 “所有的准备工作都已经做完了,我们准备开始做。”可见此处应该用现在完成时；其次, preparations,为复数,即主语为复数,所以用,have,故正确答案为,D,。,00,NMET,_ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.,A.Two fifth, is B.Two fifth, are,C,.Two fifths, is D.Two fifths, are,答案,C,考点,本题考查分数表示法和主谓一致。,解析,分数表示法：分母序数词,分子基数词,若分子大于一,分母要用复数。同时,分数修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词由该名词决定。“五分之二,应为,two,fifths”;land,是不可数名词,谓语动词应使用单数形式。答案为,C,。,00,上海春,I told him what I was surprised _ his attitude towards his study.,A. is B. was C. at is D. at was,答案,D,考点,本题考查主谓一致、固定搭配和从句时态的问题。,解析,be surprised at,为固定搭配, at,不能省略,它后面的宾语是,what,；,what I surprised at,充当,told,后面宾语从句的主语,是一个,what,引导的名词性句子,后面的谓语动词应该用单数,且和主句用一般过去时,从句对应也要用过去时。因此,正确答案是,D,。,