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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,运用构词法，,增加英语词汇量,意义,英语单词虽然难学、难记，但它们一般是有规律可寻，这种规律被称之为构词法。英语构词法是英语词汇学的重要组成局部，它揭示了词汇的构成方式，是学习词汇、迅速扩大词汇量的十分有效的方法。如果我们从构词法入手，了解和掌握英语词汇的根本构成方式，就可以使词汇学习变得简单、高效，从而迅速扩大词汇量就可以成为一种可能。,One year ago,when Fiona turned four,Sam and I decided to home-school her instead of sending her to pre-school.,1school 从名词“学校 转化为动词“教育某人。,2同时school与home 构成合成一个单词，意为“以家庭的方式教育某人，“在家里教育某人。这是“名词+动词=合成动词。,3pre-school是由前缀“pre-表示“先于，在之前的意思加词根school而构成的派生词，所以它的中文意义是指“幼儿园。,构词法,1.合成法,2.,转化法,3.,派生法,4.,缩略法,由,词根,加,前缀或后缀,构成新词。,一、,派生法,否,定,前,缀,un-,dis-,in-,im-,mis-,non-,understand,polite,smoker,agree,fair,visible,一些重要的前缀：,1.re-再,retell,remarry,review,2.mini-微型的,minibus,miniskirt,3.tele-远的,telescope,telephone,4.mid-中间,midnight,mid-autumn,5.en-使,enlarge,enrich,ensure,6.fore-在前面,foresee，forecast,7.pre-提前，预先,preview，prepay,一些重要的后缀：,1.表示人的有：,-er,-or,-an,-ress,-ist,如：cleaner,driver,inventor,professor,Asian,Russian,hostess,actress,artist,scientist,2.表示名词的后缀有：,-ment,-tion,-sion,-al,-ance,-th,-ness,-dom,如：agreement,development,celebration,competition,arrival,proposal,importance,confidence,truth,length,happiness,darkness,freedom,wisdom,3.表示形容词后缀的有：,-ful,-ble,-al,-less,-ly,-ous,-y,-ern,-en,如：useful,hopeful,comfortable,enjoyable,natural,musical,careless,hopeless,homeless,friendly,weekly,lovely,famous,dangerous,cloudy,windy,eastern,western,woolen,wooden,4.表示副词后缀的有：,-ly,如：excitedly,finally,slowly,surprisingly,1.,Is it difficult for you to get up in the morning?Do you sometimes,oversleep,?,睡过头,2.,Reading can,_ your life.,(rich),enrich,二、合成法,把,两个或两个以上,独立的词,合成一个新词,。用这种方法可以合成名词、形容词、代词、副词和动词等等。,waiting-,room,kind-,hearted,any,one,up,stairs,over,weight,For them,playing well and winning are often,life-and-death,affairs.,生死攸关的,三、转化法,由一种,词性转化,为另一种词性的词。,Never,trouble,trouble,until,trouble,troubles,you.,不要自找麻烦，除非麻烦来找你。,hand,n./v.,look,v./n.,empty,adj./v.,gold,n./adj.,before,prep./conj.,四、缩略法,DV,Digital Video,SOS,Save Our Ship,VIP,Very Important Person,练一练：一、指出下面划线单词的词类及意义。,1.Every morning we get,water,from the,well,and,water,the young plants,well,.,2.The lessons,last,from one to three,and the,last,lesson is English.,3.I must work hard so that I may finish the hard work by August.,4.He wrote those words slowly,“Drive slow!,二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。,1.You must do the exercises _(care).,carefully,2.A business cant run well without good _(manage).,3.He was so _(kindness)that he gave me many storybooks.,management,kind,三、选择划线局部中的单词的意义。,1.Dont listen to his nonsense.,A.foolish talk or meaningless words,B.beautiful words,C.clever talk or meaningful words,A,()2.He,misunderstood,me.,A.understood rightly,B.understood wrongly,C.didnt understand,B,()3.He renamed the restaurant“Paradise.,A.called,B.named after,C.gave a new name,C,
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