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,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Part V.Twentieth-Century Literature,1920s,Jazz Age.,I.Historical Background:WWI,peace-making period/boom time.,Politically,US entered WWI in 1917 for purity and democracy.The period of peace-making ended with general disillusionment about the value of war:only a sense of the failure of political leaders and a belief in the futility of hope.No abiding solutions to the worlds problems was found.And the resurgence of nationalism and the rise of new totalitarianism produce a second world war.,Part V.Twentieth-Century Lite,1,20s,Jazz Age,Economically,because of the war,American industry developed fast.,The nation is full of bouncing ebullience,fearful of nothing,confident smug isolationism.,Socially,decline of idealism.Patriotism became cynical disillusionment.Unity of family weakened.There appeared the revolt of the Younger Generation.They escaped responsibility and assumed immorality.,20s,Jazz AgeEconomically,bec,2,Jazz Age,After WWI,people found that the war which cost millions of lives failed to provide an abiding solutions to the worlds problems,that the war was just the traps of political leaders.Such a disillusionment about the value of war,accompanied by the booming of American economy drove people to cynical hedonism.People experiment with new amusements.They restlessly pursued stimulus and pleasures,wallow in heavy drinking,fast driving and casual sex.By these,they hoped to seek relief from serious problems.,Jazz AgeAfter WWI,people foun,3,Lost Generation,refers to those writers who were devoid of faith,values and ideas and who were alienated from the civilization the capitalist society advocated.It includes the writers such as (Hemingway,F.S.Fitzgerald,Thomas Wolfe,and Louis Bromfield)and poets(like Malcolm Cowley,E.E.Cummings,Archibald Macleish,and Ezra Pound),who rebelled against former values and ideas,but replaced them only by despair or a cynical hedonism.They were totally frustrated by the WWI and returned from that“Great War”to their own country only to find the grim reality that the social values and civilization were hollow and affected if compared to the cruel realities of the battleground.They felt alienated from American civilization,which was conveyed in their lives of exile and expatriation.,Lost Generationrefers to those,4,Lost Generation,They had cut themselves off from their past and old values in America and yet unable to come to terms with the new era when civilization had gone mad.They wandered pointlessly and restlessly,enjoying things like fishing,swimming,bullfight and beauties of nature,but they were aware all the while that the world is crazy and meaningless and futile.Their whole life was undercut and defeated.They cast away all past concepts and values in order to create new types of writing,which was characterized by disillusionment with ideals and further with civilization the capitalist society advocated.They painted the post-war western world as a waste land,lifeless and hopeless due to ethical degradation and disillusionment with dreams.,Lost GenerationThey had cut th,5,II.Literature,Poetry:,T.S.Eliot,The Wasteland,.,Novel,:,Sinclair Lewis,Main Street,1920,Theodore Dreiser,An American Tragedy,1925,F.S.Fitzgerald,The Great Gatsby,1926,Ernest Hemingway,The Sun Also Rises,1926,A Farewell to Arms,1929,William Faulkner,The Sound and the Fury,1929,Drama,:,Eurgene ONeill,The Emperor Jones,1920,Anna Christie,1921,The Hairy Ape,1922,II.LiteraturePoetry:T.S.El,6,1930s,Great Depression,I.Historical Background:,under the attack of the grave world economic crisis,all contradictions inherent in the capitalist system intensified.,slow recovery,social upheavals,the world drifted toward another great war.,The bounce gone,the populace terrified.They lost confidence in everything.,II.Literature,of political and social criticism.,The novels mirrored the threats to democratic thought and a strong ideological countercurrent which caused great ideological confusion into Americans.,Novels:,John Steinbeck:,The Grapes of Wrath,1939.,1930s,Great DepressionI.Hist,7,Post-WWII,50s,I.Historical Background:,After the WWII,the nuclear time had unmistakably claimed itself and Americans were suddenly brought to face a completely new world in which old rules and guidelines turned out to be helpless.The united States got even more involved in the international affairs.,50s,Americas rival with another big power of war victorthe Soviet Unionresulted in the initial of the Cold War.As much as the escalation of the Cold War a series of major incidents occurred to the attention of the world.as Trumans containment to East Asia faltered,Korean War broke out in June 1950.This was the first war that American had ever fought without victory.This unbalance and lost war tarred the prestige of Americans as heroes of the second World War and shed a dark shadow on the mind of Americans.,Post-WWII,50s,I.Historical B,8,II.Literature in the 50s.,A new generation of American author
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