初中语法之形容词和副词

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,形容词和副词,形容词在句中的作用,形容词用来修饰名词或代词作定语，或用作表语,The,angry,father shouted at his son.,Tom was,angry,with his father.,形容词用于连系动词后作表语,Its getting,cold.,These cakes taste,nice.,常见的系动词有：,1.,表感官的系动词：,look,sound,taste,smell,feel,（这些词用形容词作表语）,2.,表似乎的系动词,:seem,appear,3.,表变化的系动词：,become,get,turn,grow,make,come,go,fall,run,4.,表依旧的系动词：,remain,keep,stay,continue,stand,rest,lie,hold,某些形容词如,happy,glad,surprised,sure,afraid,等用作表语时，可接动词不定式或状语从句,Im glad,to meet you.,He was surprised,to see his teacher.,We were happy to learn,that our teacher,had got well.,Im sure,that they will come and watch our performance.,形容词用作宾语补足语,Many foreigners,find,Chinese,difficult.,Well,make,our school more,beautiful.,We must,keep,our classroom,clean.,只用作表语的形容词,alone,afraid,asleep,well,ill,sorry,sure,glad,She is,alone,in her bedroom.,Be quiet,please,.The baby is asleep.,Are you,sure,of its truth?,形容词的主动意义和被动意义,The weather is,pleasant,these days.,He is,pleased,with our compositions.,The cartoon is very,interesting.,Even my parents are,interested,in the cartoon.,类似的词还有：,excited/exciting relaxed/relaxing,bored/boring surprised/surprising,tired/tiring,-ed,的主语是,_,。,-ing,的主语是,_,。,副词的分类,时间副词,yesterday,then,later,just,soon,first,finally,never,seldom,often,地点副词,here,there,home,anywhere,everywhere,somewhere,above,down,back,方式副词,carefully,clearly,easily,程度副词,very,quite,rather,疑问副词,when,how,why,连接副词,however,句子副词,certainly,generally,surely,形容词和副词的比较级和最高级,大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：,1,、原级，即原形，如：,big,（大的）,2,、比较级，表示“更,一些”或“比较,”,的意思，,如：,bigger,（更大，比较大）,3,、最高级，表示“最”的意思，如：,biggest,（最大）。,形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成：,一、规则变化：,1,、单音节和部分双音节词，在词尾加,-er,或,-est,。,2,、大部分双音节词和多音节词，在其前面加,more,或,most,。,具体见下表：,Grammar,构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级,一般在词尾加,-er,或,-est,以字母结尾的，加,-r,或,-st,以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，要先双写这一字母，再加,-er,或,-est,以辅音字母加,y,结尾的，先把,y,变成,i,，再加,-er,或,-est,单音节词和部分双音节词,双音节词和多音节词,在形容词、,副词前加,more,或,most,。,tall,long,taller,longer,tallest,longest,nice,late,nicer,later,nicest,latest,big,thin,bigger,thinner,biggest,thinnest,happy,heavy,happier,heavier,happiest,heaviest,beautiful,careful,expensive,interesting,dangerous,more beautiful,more careful,more expensive,more interesting,more dangerous,Grammar,most beautiful,most careful,most expensive,most interesting,most dangerous,二、不规则变化：（需记忆）,原 形 比 较 级 最 高 级,good,well,bad,ill,many,much,little,old,far,better,worse,more,less,older,elder,farther,further,best,worst,most,least,oldest,eldest,farthest,furthest,Grammar,Grammar,用法：,(,一,),原级,1,、是形容词和副词的基本形式，用来描述人物或动作。,e.g.John is a tall boy.,Our country is beautiful and strong.,Rabbits run fast.,2,、用于原级比较。表示两者在某一方面程度相同，用“,as+,形容词（副词）原形,+as”,的句型。表示甲在某一方面不,及乙时，用“,not as(so)+,形容词（副词）原形,+as”,的句型。,e.g.Joan is just as careful as Kate.,Tom walks as fast as Mike.,Its not as(so)warm today as yesterday.,He didnt come as(so)early as Wanglin.,so+,形容词原级,+that,丛句,such+,名词,that,丛句,He is,so,big,that,he cant enter the room bythe door.,too+,原级,+to do sth.,He is,too,young,to,join the army.,形容词原级,+enough to do sth.,This truck is,big enough to,carry 5 tons.,比较级,+than,形容词比较级的常用句型,This bridge is,longer than,that one.,Our school is,larger than,theirs.,表示两者之间的选择，可使用,“,Which is,+,比较级，,or?”,表示不及另一方时，使用“,less,+,原级,+,than,”,Which is,longer,this one,or,that?,This park is,less,beautiful,than,that one.,“The+,比较级,，,the+,比较级,”,“,比较级,+and+,比较级,”,The,smaller,the house is,the less,it will cost us.,In spring,the days are getting,longer and longer,.,one of the+,最高级,+,名词复数,形容词最高级的常用句型,最高级,+of(in),This is/was the,最高级,+,名词,+that,定语从句,Lu Xun is,one of,the,greatest writers last century.,This is the worst,film,that,I have seen these years.,Of all,the movie stars,I think Zhang Ziyi is,the best,.,补充：,1,、类似,slowly,easily,quickly,lively,这样的双音节词，是由形容词,+,ly,变来的,其比较级和最高级的构成是在单词前加,more,/,most,.,2,、用,and,把相同的两个比较级连接起来，表示“越来越,.,”。,e.g.bigger and bigger warmer and warmer,more and more beautiful,Grammar,注意：有些词是以ly结尾的，但却是形容词,friendly,lively,lovely,lonely,More practice,1.Jack get up _ today than yesterday.(early),2.Please do your homework _.(careful),3.He is too tired to go any _.(far),4.Le Lei runs _(fast)than I,but he,doesnt run as _(fast)as my,brother.,5.Exercise Five is _ than,Exercise Four.(difficult),earlier,carefully,farther,faster,fast,more difficult,More practice2,He is much _ than I.(thin),The work isnt hard.I can finish it _.(easy),There is _ water in the glass than the bottle.(little),He has been ill for few days.He feels even _ today.(bad),Last term he studied hard.He is going to study _ this term.(hard),thinner,easily,less,worse,harder,More practice3,()1.Does he speak English _ his father?,A.as good as B.as well as C.best than D.as better as,()2.Peter is _ than his uncle.,A.more fatter B.fatter C.fat D.very fat,()3.Tom is _ than I.,A.older five years B.five years older C.five years