资源描述
单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,Lesson Six,Administrative Law,11/20/2024,1,Laws are generally found to be nets of such a texture,as the little creep through,the great break through,and the middle-sized are alone entangled in.,William,Shensto,British poet,人们通常会发现，法律就是这样的一种网，触犯法律的人，小的可以穿网而过，大的可以破网而出，只有中等的才会坠入网中。,英国诗人 申斯通,W,11/20/2024,2,Background,Administrative law is broken into several interrelated parts.They are:,administrative rules,regulations and procedures for government agencies,and bodies,;,the scope of agency authority,in particular individual privacy,;and,enforcement powers of agencies,.,11/20/2024,3,Three concerns:,The procedures employed by“agencies in effecting“agency action,Judicial review of those actions,Special procedures relating to the handling and release of information in the governments possession,11/20/2024,4,Neither a court nor a legislature nor an elected chief executive can be an“agency.,法院、立法机构和行政长官都不构成“行政机关。,“Agency includes every administrative unit exercising public authority,行使公共权力的行政单位构成行政机关。,11/20/2024,5,Agency action,Administrative procedure legislation relatively formal procedures of,adjudication,rulemaking,正式判决,、,规章制定,Federal agency action,grant,denial,or failure to act upon,11/20/2024,6,Model State Administrative Procedure Act,行政行为包括自由地履行或不履行职责、职能和行为,11/20/2024,7,例外,传统的刑事诉讼、传统的民事诉讼、严格意义上的政治行为,Criminal law proceedings,Civil litigation,Political acts,11/20/2024,8,Administrative law,Grab-bag for,all government actions,affecting private persons,_those of the,criminal law,or the ordinary,civil law,as administered by courts,Can be connected with public administration,11/20/2024,9,The central tasks of administrative law,Assuring the,control,as well as the,effectiveness,of government,行政法的主要任务是确保对政府的控制，并保证政府的工作效率。,11/20/2024,10,Paradigmatic procedures,Paradigmatic relationship with overseers,标准程序、标准关系,Can and do,vary,to meet the needs of particular situations,标准程序以及与监督机构之间的标准关系,并非一成不变,。,11/20/2024,11,Sketchy models,Formal adjudication,正式裁决,Informal adjudication,非正式裁决,Formal rulemaking,正式规章制定,Informal rulemaking,非正式规章制定,Interpretation,解释,Inspection,监督,11/20/2024,12,Formal adjudication,Resemble a civil trial,Conduct before an administrative law judge or agency,A strict separation of functions within an agency,The results of formal adjudication are generally reviewed by courts,Hearing 听证会,11/20/2024,13,Informal adjudication,The taking decisions by,bureaucratic routine,通过,政治程序,作出非正式裁决,judicial review is,relatively permissive,11/20/2024,14,Formal rulemaking,To determine a statute-like norm for future application 确定准法律标准的程序,No strict separation(differs from formal adjudication),Hearing,Judicial review,11/20/2024,15,Informal rulemaking,The ordinary procedure for generating statute-like norms.,initiated by a notice of the proposed action,Written comments,Oral hearings,11/20/2024,16,Informal rulemaking,The agency explain its basis and purpose,Decision is taken bureaucratically,Judicial review,Full force of statutory law,11/20/2024,17,Interpretation,Generating and announcing agency interpretations of applicable norms,Generated internally,or,in response to a request,No procedure is required,Do not formally bind persons outside the agency,Be regarded as persuasive by the courts,11/20/2024,18,Inspection,Direct physical view by a qualified government official,A substitute for adjudication procedures,Determine,the existence or not,of conditions warranting formal administrative action,11/20/2024,19,
展开阅读全文