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Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,现在的世界就是一颗一颗芯片芯片需要封装所以世界正在被一颗一颗的封装,请随我走入封装世界,Puman,1,封装在,IC,制造产业链中之位置,Wafer,Manufacturing,长,晶,切,片,倒,角,抛,光,Front,End,氧化,扩散,硅片检测,光,刻,沉,积,刻,蚀,植,入,Wafer,Test,探针台测试,Back,End,背磨,划片,封装,成品测试,C,M,P,2,封装作业之一般流程,(,QFP,为例),Wafer back grinding,Wafer mount,Wafer saw&clean,Die attach,Epoxy cure,Plasma clean,Wire bond,Molding,Marking,Post mold cure,Deflash&Trim,Solder plating,Forming&singulation,FVI,Packing,3,封装用原材料以及所需零组件,塑胶材料,:,BT,树脂、,Epoxy、PTFE、Polyimide、compound,、,UBM、PSV、APPE、Solder,mask、P.R,焊 料,:,95,Pb/5,Sn,、37 Pb/63,Sn,(,易熔,183,)、,No Lead,Ally(Sn,3.9/Ag 0.6/Cu 5.5,235)、Low-Ally,金 线,:,Au,bond、Ally,bond,Lead Frame:,由冲压模具制成,Substrate:,柔性基片(,tape)、,迭层基片、复合基片、陶瓷基片、,HiTCETM,陶瓷基片、带有,BCBTM,介质层的玻璃基片,TAPE:,Blue,Tape、UV,Tape,Heat Sink,:,散热片,4,封装用机台以及所涉及模具,Polishing machine&CMP,UV tape attach machine,Dicing machine,UV irradiation machine,Tape remover machine,Pick&Place machine,Package machine,锡炉,冲切模具(,F/,T):trim,&form,塑封模具,5,封装趋势演进图,封装类型,全称,盛行时期,DIP,Dual in-line package,80年代以前,SOP,Small outline package,80年代,QFP,Quad Flat Package,19951997,TAB,Tape Automated bonding,19951997,COB,Chip on board,19961998,CSP,Chip scale package,19982000,Fc,Flip-chip,1999-2001,MCM,Multi chip model,2000,now,WLCSP,Wafer level CSP,2000,now,6,封装类型分类,IC,封装的主要功能,保护,IC,提供,chip,和,system,之间讯息传递的界面.所以,IC,制程发展、系统产品的功能性都是影响,IC,封装技术发展的主要原因。比如:近日电子产品的要求是轻薄短小,就要有降低,chip size,的技术;,IC,制程微细化,造成,chip,内包含的逻辑线路增加,就要使,chip,引脚数增加等等。,IC,封装的主要分类以及各自特点:,一、,DIP,双列直插式封装,DIP(DualInline Package),是指采用双列直插形式封装的集成电路芯片,绝大多数中小规模集成电路(,IC),均采用这种封装形式,其引脚数一般不超过100个。采用,DIP,封装的,CPU,芯片有两排引脚,需要插入到具有,DIP,结构的芯片插座上。当然,也可以直接插在有相同焊孔数和几何排列的电路板上进行焊接。,DIP,封装的芯片在从芯片插座上插拔时应特别小心,以免损坏引脚。,7,DIP,封装之特点,1.适合在,PCB(,印刷电路板)上穿孔焊接,操作方便。2.芯片面积与封装面积之间的比值较大,故体积也较大。,DIP,封装图示,body thickness:155mil,PKG thickness:350mil,Lead width:18.1mil,Lead pitch:100mil,DIP,系列封装其他形式,PDIP(Plastic,DIP)、CDIP(Ceramic,DIP),SPDIP(Shrink,plastic DIP),8,二、,SOP/SOJ,小尺寸封装,1980年代,,SMT(Surface Mounting Technology),技术发起后,在,SMT,的生产形态中,,SOP(Small Out-Line Package)/SOJ(Small Out-Line J-Lead package),随之出现,引脚在,IC,两侧。,SOP/SOJ,封装形态之特点,1.,SOP/SOJ,is a lead frame based package with Gull wing form lead suitable for low pin count devices.,2.Body width ranges from 330 to 496 mils with pitch 50 mils available.,3.,Markets include consumer(audio/video/entertainment),telecom(pagers/cordless phones),RF,CATV,telemetry,office appliances(fax/copiers/printers/PC peripherals)and automotive industries.,9,SOP(,Small Out-Line Package,),封装形态之图示,body thickness:87106mil PKG thickness:104118mil Lead width:16 milLead pitch:50 mil,SOJ,(Small Out-Line J-Lead package),封装形态之图示,body thickness:100 mil PKG thickness:130150mil Lead width:1720 mil Lead pitch:50 mil,10,SOP,封装系列之其他形式,1.,SSOP(Shrink,SOP),body thickness:7090 mil,PKG thickness:80110mil,Lead width:1015 mil,Lead pitch:25 mil,2.TSOP(Thin SOP),body thickness:1.0 mm,PKG thickness:1.2mm,Lead width:0.380.52 mm,Lead pitch:0.5 mm,11,3.TSSOP(Thin Shrink SOP),body thickness:0.90 mm,PKG thickness:1.0mm,Lead width:0.10.2mm,Lead pitch:0.40.65mm,4.TSOP(,):Thin SOP,5.TSOP():Thin SOP,6.QSOP :Quarter Size Outline Package,7.QVSOP :Quarter Size Very Small Outline Package,12,三、,QFP,方型扁平式封装和,PFP,扁平封装,QFP(Plastic Quad Flat Package),封装的芯片引脚之间距离很小,管脚很细,一般大规模或超大型集成电路都采用这种封装形式,其引脚数一般在100 256。用这种形式封装的芯片必须采用,SMD(,表面安装设备技术)将芯片与主板焊接起来。采用,SMD,安装的芯片不必在主板上打孔,一般在主板表面上有设计好的相应管脚的焊点。将芯片各脚对准相应的焊点,即可实现与主板的焊接。用这种方法焊上去的芯片,如果不用专用工具是很难拆卸下来的。,PFP(Plastic Flat Package),方式封装的芯片与,QFP,方式基本相同。唯一的区别是,QFP,一般为正方形,而,PFP,既可以是正方形,也可以是长方形。,QFP/PFP,封装具有以下特点:,1.适用于,SMD,表面安装技术在,PCB,电路板上安装布线。2.适合高频使用。3.操作方便,可靠性高。4.芯片面积与封装面积之间的比值较小,13,QFP,方型扁平式封装和,PFP,扁平封装图示,body thickness:2.8 mm,PKG thickness:3.3 mm,Lead width:0.180.35mm,Lead pitch:0.401.0 mm,QFP,封装系列之其他形式,1.,LQFP(Low,pro):,body thickness:1.4mm,PKG thickness:1.6mm,Lead width:0.220.37mm,Lead pitch:0.400.80mm,14,2.,TQFP(Thin QFP):,body thickness:1.0 mm,PKG thickness:1.2 mm,Lead width:0.180.37 mm,Lead pitch:0.400.80 mm,3.,DPH-,QFP(Die,Pad Heat Sink QFP),body thickness:2.8 mm,PKG thickness:3.3 mm,Lead width:0.20.3 mm,Lead pitch:0.5 mm,15,4.,DPH-LQFP(Die-pad Heat Sink,Low-profile,QFP),body thickness:1.4 mm,PKG thickness:1.6 mm,Lead width:0.22 mm,Lead pitch:0.5 mm,5.DHS-QFP(Drop-in Heat sink QFP),body thickness:1.4 mm,PKG thickness:1.6 mm,Lead width:0.22 mm,Lead pitch:0.5 mm,16,6.EDHS-QFP(Exposed Drop-in Heat sink QFP),body thickness:3.2 mm,PKG thickness:3.6 mm,Lead width:0.180.3 mm,Lead pitch:0.40.65 mm,7.E-Pad TQFP(Exposed-Pad TQFP),body thickness:1.0 mm,PKG thickness:1.2 mm,Lead width:0.22 mm,Lead pitch:0.50 mm,17,8.VFPQFP(Very Fine Pitch QFP),9.S2QFP(Spacer Stacked QFP),11.Stacked E-PAD LQFP,18,10.MCM-LQFP(Multi-chip module Low-pro),12.,PLCC,(Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier Package),19,PGA,插针网格阵列封装,PGA(Pin Grid Array Package),芯片封装形式在芯片的内外有多个方阵形的插针,每个方阵形插针沿芯片的四周间隔一定距离排列。根据引脚数目的多少,可以围成2-5圈。安装时,将芯片插入专门的,PGA,插座。为使,CPU,能够更方便地安装和拆卸,从486芯片开始,出现一种名为,ZIF,(,Zero Insertion Force Socket),的,CPU,插座,专门用来满足,PGA,封装的,CPU,在安装和拆卸上的要求。,PGA,插针网格阵
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