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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,猪链球菌病培训教案,西南大学动物科技学院,胡世军副教授,猪链球菌病,猪链球菌病是由多种链球菌引起猪的一类疾病的总称。,以颌下、咽部、颈部淋巴结的,化脓性炎症(常见),。,败血症,和,脑膜炎,(病死率最高)。,多发关节炎,心内膜炎、乳腺炎、皮下脓肿等疾病。,发病史,分布广泛:英、美、法、日、丹、澳等。,我国1949年上海报导、1963年在广西、以后福建、江西、安徽等有报导。,1982年我院佘永建等报导了四川的以关节炎型的链球菌病。,现在流行情况。,1.病原,形态特征,球状细菌、呈链状排列,菌链长短不一,G+,在血液、腹水、组织涂片中可见有荚膜的链球菌。对培养要求较严格,需用血液培养基。在菌落周围形成完全溶血或型草绿色溶血环。,用血清学分类,可分为AV缺I、J20个群。使猪致病者,主要是C、D、E、L群。据中监所研究,各地流行的病原均为C群型链球菌。,2.流行病学,各种猪易感以断奶猪和架子猪易发。,传染源:病猪、带菌猪,传播途径:消化道、损伤皮肤。,流行特点:,(1)春夏流行,(2)传播缓慢、但一旦传入很难铲除。,(3)发病率低。,3.病症,一败血型本病主要为C、D、L群链球菌引起,以仔猪发病较多,发病率10%,病死率60%,架子猪次之,成年猪很少发生。(1)最急性的突然发病,往往不见病症或仅停食一、两顿,高热4142以上腹下有紫红斑、四肢关节和肌肉疼痛驱赶时尖叫。突然死亡似丹毒的败血型。(2)急性病程24天,体温4142,稽留,眼结膜充血、流泪、有浆液性鼻漏水样,便秘,少数在病后期皮肤耳尖、四肢末端、腹下有出血斑点。(3)慢性型关节炎型:病中后期主要表现为一肢或多肢关节肿痛,病猪跛行。,二脑膜脑炎型:可由多种C群链球菌所引起,多见于48周龄以下哺乳或断奶仔猪,也可发生于较大的猪,哺乳仔猪发病常与母猪带菌有关。病猪体温升高,不食,很快出现CNS紊乱病症,共济失调,后肢摇摆不稳,盲目运动或转圈运动,全身痉挛,眼凝视,最后衰竭,侧卧,四肢不断划动,经3036h死亡,有的可转为慢性,生长不良,关节肿胀。,三淋巴结脓肿:主要由E群链球菌引起,以淋巴结化脓性炎症、形成脓肿为特征。本病多见于架子猪,传播较缓慢,发病率低,主要经过消化道感染在妊娠猪阴道、正常幼猪咽部可找出细菌。病猪脓肿破溃后,脓汁污染饲料、饮水、环境,带菌猪扁桃体容易别离本菌,尤为病愈猪带菌可达半年之久。颌下淋巴结化脓性炎症最常见,其次为咽部和颈部淋巴结。可见局部隆起,触诊硬固,有热、痛,可影响采食、咀嚼、吞咽、呼吸,直至脓肿成熟,可自行破溃而自愈。,4.病变,(1)急性败血型:呈现出血性败血症变化,与最急性猪瘟相似。,(2)脑膜脑炎型:脑膜充血、出血,白质、灰质均有小点出血,,脑脊髓液浑浊,,增量,有多量白细胞。,(3)心包、胸、腹腔纤维素性炎症,,,(4)胆囊、肺、头颈水肿,肠系膜水肿。,(5)脾肿大13倍。,(5)肿大的关节腔内常有黄色混浊液体。,(6)心肌软似煮熟样、出血。,5.诊断,根据流行病学、临床、剖解诊断:,本病的败血型病症、病变复杂,无特征性,易与其他许多败血型传染病相混淆,而脑膜脑炎型在临床上也难于CNS性疾病区别。确诊有必要作微生物学检查。,实验室诊断:,(1)可以分别采取内脏、血液、脑脊髓液、关节液、脓汁进行镜检。,(2)别离培养。,(3)实验动物接种等。,6.防制,1去除传染源:病猪应进行高温处理,残菜剩羹要煮沸后喂猪,污染环境要彻底消毒。2除去感染的因素,防止外伤,新生仔猪要注意脐带无菌结扎和碘酒消毒。3接种菌苗:需应用多价苗才可能获得较好效果。我国试制的有两种:AL(OH)3甲醛苗,5ml/头皮下;明矾结晶紫苗:2ml/头皮下。国外还有弱毒活菌苗,我国也有。,广西兽研所:育成猪溶血性G10S115弱毒菌株,制备了756万头份冻干苗,100万头份湿苗,在广西等六省大面积使用,证明此苗平安、有效、稳定。,4治疗:注意早、足和耐药性的问题。,一般说,青霉素、链霉素、四环素、磺胺都可选用。脓肿成熟时,可切开排脓,以3%双氧水或0.1%KMnO4液体冲洗,涂以碘酊或撒上消炎粉,并内服抗菌药物。湖南:首次确诊该省流行的猪溶血性链球菌,发病率17.8%,死亡率18.2%,主要侵害大猪,从四个疫点别离到C群溶血性链球菌。青霉素+磺胺治疗,疗效确实。,药物预防:四环素125g/吨饲料,喂46周后,隔离饲养,可减少脓肿的发生。,&v)y0C3F6IaLdPgSjVnYq!t*w-A1D4G8JbMeQhTlWoZr%u(x+B2E6H9KcOfRiUmXp!s&v)z0C3F7IaMdPgSkVnYq$t*x-A1D5G8JbNeQhTlWo#r%u(y+B2E6H9LcOfRjUmXp!s&w)z0C4F7IaMdPhoZr%u(x+B2E6H9KcOfRiUmXp!s&v)z0C3F7IaLdPgSkVnYq$t*w-A1D5G8JbNeQhTlWo#r%u(y+B2E6H9LcOfRjUmXp!s&w)z0C4F7IaMdPhSkVnZq$t*x-A2D5G8KbNeQiTlXo#r%v(y+B3E6H9LcOgRjUmYp!s&w)z1C4F7JaMdPhSkWnZq$u*x-A2D5H8KbNfQiTlXo#s%v(y0B3E6I9LdOgRjVmYp!t&w-z1C4G7JaMePhSkWnZr$u*x+A2D5H8KcNfQiUlXo#s%v)y0B3F6I9LdOgSjVmYq!t&w-z1D4G7JbMePhTkWoZr$u(x+A2E5H9KcNfRiUlXp#s%v)y0C3F6IaLdOgSjVnYq!t*w-z1D4G8JbMeQhTkWoZr%u(x+B2E5H9KcOfRiUmXp#s&v)z0C3F7IaLdPgSkVnYq$t*w-A1D5G8JbNeQhTlWoZr%u(y+B2E6H9KcOfRjUmXp!s&v)z0C4F7IaMdPgSkVnZq$t*x-A1D5G8KbNeQiTlWo#r%v(y+B3E6H9LcOgRjUmYp!s&w)cOgRjVmYp!t&w)z1C4G7JaMePhSkWnZr$u*x+A2D5H8KcNfQiUlXo#s%v)y0B3F6I9LdOgRjVmYq!t&w-z1C4G7JbMePhTkWnZr$u(x+A2E5H8KcNfRiUlXp#s%v)y0C3F6IaLdOgSjVnYq!t*w-z1D4G8JbMeQhTkWoZr$u(x+B2E5H9KcNfRiUmXp#s&v)y0C3F7IaLdPgSjVnYq$t*w-A1D4G8JbNeQhTlWoZr%u(y+B2E6H9KcOfRjUmXp!s&v)z0C4F7IaMdPgSkVnYq$t*x-A1D5G8JbNeQiTlWo#r%u(y+B3E6H9LcOfRjUmYp!s&w)z0C4F7JaMdPhSkVnZq$u*x-A2D5G8KbNfQiTlXo#r%v(y+B3E6I9LcOgRjUmYp!t&w)z1C4F7JaMePhSkWnZq$u*x+A2D5H8KbNfQiUlXo#s%v(y0B3F6I9LdOgRjVmYq!t&w-z1C4G7JaMePhTkWnZr$u*x+A2E5H8KcNfQiUlXp#s%v)y0B3F6IaLdOgSjVmYq!t*w-z1D4G7JbMeQhTkWoZr$u(x+B2E5H9KcNfRiUmXp#s&v)y0C3F6IaLdPgSjVnYq!t*w-A1D4G8JbMeQhTlWoZr%u(x+B2E6H9KcOfRiUmXp!s&v)z0C3F7IaMdPgSkVnYq$t*x-A1D5G8JbNeQhTlWo#r%u(y+B2E6H9LcOfRjUmXp!s&w)z0C4fQiUlXp#s%v)y0B3F6IaLdOgSjVmYq!t*w-z1D4G7JbMePhTkWoZr$u(x+A2E5H9KcNfRiUlXp#s&v)y0C3F6IaLdPgSjVnYq!t*w-A1D4G8JbMeQhTlWoZr%u(x+B2E6H9KcOfRiUmXp#s&v)z0C3F7IaLdPgSkVnYq$t*w-A1D5G8JbNeQhTlWo#r%u(y+B2E6H9LcOfRjUmXp!s&w)z0C4F7IaMdPhSkVnZq$t*x-A2D5G8KbNeQiTlWo#r%v(y+B3E6H9LcOgRjUmYp!s&w)z1C4F7JaMdPhSkWnZq$u*x-A2D5H8KbNfQiTlXo#s%v(y0B3E6I9LdOgRjVmYp!t&w)z1C4G7JaMePhSkWnZr$u*x+A2D5H8KcNfQiUlXo#s%v)y0B3F6I9LdOgSjVmYq!t&w-z1D4G7JbMePhTkWoZr$u(x+A2E5H8KcNfRiUlXp#s%v)y0C3F6IaLdOgSjVnYq!t*w-z1D4G8JbMeQ!s&w)z1C4F7JaMdPhSkWnZq$u*x-A2D5G8KbNfQiTlXo#r%v(y0B3E6I9LcOgRjVmYp!t&w)z1C4G7JaMePhSkWnZr$u*x+A2D5H8KcNfQiUlXo#s%v)y0B3F6I9LdOgSjVmYq!t&w-z1C4G7JbMePhTkWnZr$u(x+A2E5H8KcNfRiUlXp#s%v)y0C3F6IaLdOgSjVnYq!t*w-z1D4G8JbMeQhTkWoZr%u(x+B2E5H9KcNfRiUmXp#s&v)y0C3F7IaLdPgSjVnYq$t*w-A1D4G8JbNeQhTlWoZr%u(y+B2E6H9KcOfRjUmXp!s&v)z0C4F7IaMdPgSkVnYq$t*x-A1D5G8JbNeQiTlWo#r%u(y+B3E6H9LcOfRjUmYp!s&w)z0C4F7JaMdPhSkVnZq$y+B2E6H9KcOfRjUmXp!s&v)z0C3F7IaMdPgSkVnYq$t*x-A1D5G8JbNeQiTlWo#r%u(y+B3E6H9LcOfRjUmYp!s&w)z0C4F7JaMdPhSkVnZq$u*x-A2D5G8KbNeQiTlXo#r%v(y+B3E6I9LcOgRjUmYp!t&w)z1C4F7JaMePhSkWnZq$u*x+A2D5H8KbNfQiUlXo#s%0C4F7JaMdPhSkVnZq$t*x-A2D5G8KbNeQiTlXo#r%v(y+B3E6I9LcOgRjUmYp!t&w)z1C4F7JaMePhSkWnZq$u*x+A2D5H8KbNfQiUlXo#s%v(y0B3E6I9LdOgRjVmYp!t&w-z1C4G7JaMePhXo#r%v(y+B3E6I9LcOgRjUmYp!t&w)z1C4F7JaMePhSkWnZq$u*x+A2D5H8KbNfQiTlXo#s%v(y0B3E6I9LdOgRjVmYp!t&w-z1C4G7JaMePhTkWnZr$u*x+A2E5H8KcNfQiUlXp#s%v)y0B3F6IaLdOgSjVmYq!t&w-z1D4G7JbMePhTkWoZr$u(x+A2E5H9KcNfRiUlXp#s&v)y0C3F6IaLdPgSjVnYq!t*w-A1D4G8JbMeQhTlWoZr%u(x+B2E5H9KcOfRiUmXp#s&v)z0C3F7IaLdPgSkVnYq$t*w-A1D5G8JbNYp!t&w-z1C4G7JaMePhTkWnZr$u*x+A2D5H8KcNfQiUlXo#s%v)y0B3F6I9LdOgSjVmYq!t&w-z1D4G7JbMePhTkWoZr$u(x+A2E5H9KcNfRiUlXp#s&v)y0C3F6IaLdOgSjVnYq!t*w-z1D4G8JbMeQhTkWoZr%u(x+B2E5H9KcOfRiUmXp#s&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