为大脑半球结构中主要的灰质部分之一课件

,按一下以編輯母片標題樣式,按一下以編輯母片,第二層,第三層,第四層,第五層,*,Intrastriatal targets of projection fibers from the central lateral nucleus of the rat thalamus,Noritaka lchinohe,Hiroyasu lwatsuki,Kazuhiko Shoumura,Neuroscience Letters 302(2001)105-108,Intrastriatal targets of proje,1,Introduction,The basal ganglia and the cerebellum are the major subcortical,structures that are important for regulation and control of voluntary,movement,Projection from the deep cerebellar nuclei to the motor-related,Striatum,which receives inputs from the motor cortical areas,Have been reported to be relayed at several thalamic nuclei;,the ventral lateral nucleus pars caudails,ventral posterior lateral,nucleus pars oralis,area X and central lateral nucleus(CL)in the,monkey,and the ventral lateral nucleus and CL in the rat,IntroductionThe basal ganglia,2,Basal ganglia,為大腦半球結構中主要的灰質部分之一，也就是neuron之所在,分為：,Caudate nucleus（尾狀核）&,Putamen(被殼）,Basal ganglia為大腦半球結構中主要的灰質部分之一,3,Striatum,Caudate nucleus&putamen 合稱striatum（紋狀體）,因經過的axon把他們弄出了條紋的外觀,臨床上，basal ganglia是指striatum,視丘下部神經核,黑質,與 運動功能異常有關，特徵，不自主，無目的的運動,StriatumCaudate nucleus&puta,4,Introduction,Precise understanding of the function of these cerebello-,thalamo-striatal projections requires detailed knowledge,of intrastriatal targets of projection fibers from the,cerebello-recipient thalamic nuclei,IntroductionPrecise understand,5,In the previous study,We demostrated that thalamostriatal neurons in the CL,receive direct strong projections from the lateral cerebellar,nucleus in the rat,In the previous studyWe demost,6,Special attention to,a.whether or not projection fibers from the CL make,synapses on dendritic spines,which are a good maker for,striatal projection neurons,b.whether or not projection fibers from the CL are in,synaptic contact with parvalbumin(PV)immunopostive,striatal interneuron,which represent the major class of,GABAergic interneurons in the striatum,Special attention toa.whether,7,Method,a.Ten male Wistar rats were anesthetized with sodium,Pentobarbital(70mg/kg,I.P),b.10%solution of biotin dextran amine(BDA)in 0.01M,PB(pH 7.2)was iontophoretically injected in to the CL,c.The glass micropipette(tip diameter:15m)using a,positive current(5-7 A,7 s on/7 s off)for 2030mins,Methoda.Ten male Wistar rats w,8,Survival,The period of 7 days,the rats were re-anesthetized and,perfused transcardially with 100ml of saline followed by,500ml of paraformaldehyde and 0.1%glutaraldehyde in,0.1M PB(pH 7.4),Post-fixed in the same fixative and stored overnight,at 4in PB,the following day,the brain was serially cut,50 m thick on a microslicer,SurvivalThe period of 7 days,t,9,Staining(for dextran),1.wash,2.ABC kit(1:1001:200 dilute)for 2h at room temperature,3.wash,4.0.1%DAB in 0.05M Tris and 0.003%H,2,O,2,BDA-labeled axons were visualized as brown,Staining(for dextran)1.wash,10,Staining(for PV),PV immunohistochemistry using VIP as a chromogen,1.wash,2.mouse anti-PV monoclonal antibody diluted 1:1000 for,24h at 4,3.1:200 biotinylated horse anti-mouse IgG antibody 2h,4.1:100 ABC kit for 2h,5.VIP kit,PV immunopositive structures were visualized as purple,Staining(for PV)PV immunohisto,11,Result,Injection site,ResultInjection site,12,To evalute,The relative frequency of the CL boutons to all excitatory,inputs on PV immunopositive interneurons,we recorded,both BDA-labeled and unlabeled boutons which made,asymmertical synaptic specializations with PV,immunopositive structures,To evaluteThe relative frequen,13,Result,BDA-labeled fibers were distributed,mainly in the laterodorsal part of,the striatum and intermingled with,PV immunopositive neurons,All BDA-labeled fibers were small,in diameter(0.10.3m),and exhibited an extended type of,arborization with long,straight,relatively unbranched trajectories,through neuropil,ResultBDA-labeled fibers were,14,为大脑半球结构中主要的灰质部分之一课件,15,Result,Of 408 BDA-labeled terminals,371(90.9%)were in synaptic,contract with PV immunonegative dendritic spines,35(8.6%)made synapses on PV immunonegative dendritic,shafts,and only two(0.5%)formed synapses on,PV immunopositive dendritic shafts,ResultOf 408 BDA-labeled termi,16,Discussion,In the present study,we demostrated that a large proportion,(91%)of thalamostriatal fibers from the CL terminated on,PV immunonegative dendritic spines,which were assumed,to be those of striatal projection neurons,DiscussionIn the present study,17,Thus,The target preference of thalamostriatal fibers from the CL,seems not to have a significant bias to interneurons over,projection neurons in the striatum,ThusThe target preference of t,18,In summary,The cerebello-CL-striatal projection have predominant,access(probably excitatory)to striatal projection neurons,and also minor access to PV immunopositive striatal,interneurons,which are a strong GABAnergic inhibitory,source to striatal projection neurons,In summaryThe cerebello-CL-str,19,GABA,GABA神經元的作用是在提供負回饋迴路,(negative feedback loop),目的，增加運動控制系統的穩定性,GABAGABA神經元的作用是在提供負回饋迴路,20,