非谓语动词经典讲解课件

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,生产计划部,*,11/20/2024,生产计划部,非谓语动词经典讲解,10/10/2023生产计划部非谓语动词经典讲解,1,命题规律,1.,考查立意较低，主要考查的是非谓语的一些最基本的用法。但是，题目的设置注重了情景化和结构复杂化，加大了考生对题干句的理解难度。,2,设问的角度呈现出多样化趋势，不仅仅是非谓语间的互相干扰。,命题趋势,不容置疑，高考将继续加强对非谓语动词的考查，试题的特征将继续呈现出,“,情景化,”,和,“,设问角度的多样化,”,的趋势，但试题的难度将会有所控制。,非谓语动词经典讲解课件,解题思路,解析句子结构，确定设空在句子中充当的功能（如状语、定语或宾补）；,找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系（主动还是被动）；,搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式；,将该选项置入空中，看是否能够做到字从意顺，或是否能传达有效信息、完成交际任务。,解题思路,一般式,完成式,进行式,不定式,主动,to do,to have done,to be doing,被动,to be done,to have been done,ing,形式,主动,doing,having done,被动,being done,having been done,过去分词,被动,done,一般式完成式进行式不定式主动to doto have d,分词、不定式作宾补用法要点,一、分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别,1感官动词see,watch,observe,look at,hear,listen to,notice 等和使役动词have 后面的宾补有三种形式，即原形动词（不带to 的不定式）、现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表主动或正在进行，过去分词表被动或完成，动词原形表主动和完成。如：,I heard her sing an English song just now.,I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.,I heard the English song sung many times.,我多次听到有人唱这首英文歌。,分词、不定式作宾补用法要点,2leave 后接三种形式作宾补时，其中的leave 保留了原来之义,“,留下,”,，但表达的确切之义应是,“,使,处于某种状态）。,leave sb.doing sth.让某人一直做某事,leave sth.undone 留下某事未做（一般以undone,unfinished,unsettled,untouched 为多）,leave sb.to do sth.留下某人做某事,leave sth.to be done 留下某事要做,如：,(1),It,s wrong of you to leave the machine,running.,你让机器一直开着是不对的。（主动，正在进行）,2leave 后接三种形式作宾补时，其中的leave 保留,。,(2),The guests left most of the dishes untouched,because they didn,t taste delicious.,客人们没有动大部分菜，因为它们尝起来不可口。,(3),He left,leaving me to do all the rest work.,他走了，留下我一人去做剩余的工所有工作。,(4),We hurriedly ended our meeting,leaving many,problems to be settled.,我们匆匆忙忙地结束了会议，留下了很多问题等待解决。,。(2)The guests left most of th,解,3have,get 后接三种形式作宾补时，其中have,get 表示,“,使、让、叫,”,之意。,have sth.done=get sth.done,“,使,/让某事由别人去做,”,（叫,/让某人做某事）。如,I,ll have/get my bike repaired tomorrow.,此外，have sth.done 还表示,“,使遭受,”,之意。如,Tom had his leg broken while playing football.,Mr.Smith had his house broken into while he was away on holiday.,have sb./sth.doing 使/让某人/物持续地做某事（现在分词表示主动，正在进行）,get sb./sth.doing 使某人/物开始行动起来,3have,get 后接三种形式作宾补时，其中have,如：,The peasants had the tractor working day and night at the harvest time.,农忙时，农民们让拖拉机夜以继日地干活。,The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.,休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进起来。,注意：,“,have sb.doing,”,若用于否定句中，其中,have 有,“,容忍,”,之意。如：,I won,t have you speaking to your parents like that.,我不会让你那样子跟你的父母说话。,Don,t have the water running all the time.不要让水流个不停。,如：The peasants had the tractor,have sb.do sth.(get sb.to do sth.)使/让/叫某人去做某事,如：Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.,I cant get him to stop smoking.He wont listen to me.,have sb.do sth.(get sb.to,二、下列动词后跟带,to的不定式作补语：,advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,intend,invite,like,love,order,persuade,prefer,require,teach,tell,want,warn,wish,等。如：,An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered to issue clear warning before firing any shots.,The teacher asked us not to make so much noise.,The flu is believed to be caused by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat,.,二、下列动词后跟带to的不定式作补语：,三、不定式、现在分词作宾补小窍门,下列动词后在主动语态中用不带,to 的不定式作补语，但在被动语态中要加上to：,它们是,“吾看三室两厅一感觉”,5看（look at,see,watch,notice,observe）；3使（make,let,have）；2听（listen to,hear）；1感觉（fell）。以上动词还可用现在分词作宾语补足语（5+3+2+1-2+4）：即以上动词除let,make 外都可以用现在分词作宾语补足语，此外find,catch,keep,have 也可以用现在分词作宾语补足语。,如：At that time,I found him crying in the street.,He was caught stealing.Im sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time.,The missing boys were last seen playing near the river.,三、不定式、现在分词作宾补小窍门,不定式、分词作定语用法要点,一、不定式作定语,1作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。如：,The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.,There is nothing to worry about.,Please give me a knife to cut with.,Here is some paper for you to write on.,但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time,place 或way时，不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。如：He had no money and no place to live(in).,We found a way to solve this problem(in).,不定式、分词作定语用法要点,2当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。试比较：,Have you anything to send?你有什么东西要寄吗？（不定式to send 的动作执行者是“你”）,Have you anything to be sent?你有什么要（我或别人）寄的东西吗？,（不定式to be sent 的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”）,2当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,3用不定式作定语的几种情况：,(1)不定式表将来：,I borrowed some books to read,in,my holid,ays,(2)用来修饰被序数词、最高级或,no,all,any 等限定的中心词。如：,He was the best man to do the job.,She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.,Women and children were the first to get into,it.,(3)用来修饰的词是抽象名词时，常见的有：,ability,chance,idea,fact,excuse,promise,answer,reply,attempt,belief,way,reason,moment,time 等。如：,Do you have the ability to read English?,I havea chance to go sight seeing.,3用不定式作定语的几种情况：,二、分词作定语,1作定语的及物动词分词形式为：,doing(,表示被修饰的名词与分词为主动关系）,being done(,表示被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表正,在进行时,）,done(,表示被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表完成时,),如：,The houses being built are for the teachers.,The broken glass is Toms.,I have never seen a more moving movie.,2作定语的不及物动词分词形式为：,doing,和,done,do,ing 表示正在进行；,done表示已经完成。如：,falling leaves 正落的叶子fallen leaves 落下的叶子,boiling water 正沸腾的水boiled water 沸腾过的水（白开水）,二、分词作定语,三、