锂离子电池化成过程SEI膜的原位原子力显微镜研究

,NIMTE,17,Direct Observation of Formation in,Lithium-Ion Batteries by EC-AFM,锂离子电池化成过程,SEI,膜的原位原子力显微镜研究,Cai Shen,（沈彩）,2018,年,4,月,6,日,长期致力于纳米材料表面,/,界面性质的研究。在扫描探针技术,(STM, AFM),师从,Prof. Manfred Buck,和,Prof. Flemming Besenbacher,。,迄今,为止,在,JACS, ACS Nano, Angew Chem,Chem. Sci, Nano Energy, Samll Methods,等国际期刊上发表论文,6,0,多篇。其中第一作者,/,通讯作者,34,篇。申请发明专利,10,项,(,授权,3,项）,。,10,多次参加国际会议并做大会报告（特邀报告,2,次）；,美国,Sigma Xi,科学研究会会员,、中科院青年创新促进会会员，宁波市“,3315,计划”创新人才。,应邀担任十多家学术期刊的审稿人，包括,Advanced Materials,;,Chemical Society Reviews; Energy & Environmental Science,;,Materials Horizons; Scientific Reports.,研究方向：新型锂离子电池材料；扫面探针显微镜技术,沈彩,2005-2009,英国圣安德鲁斯大学， 博士,(2008),2010.01-2011.01,美国马里兰大学， 研究助理,2011.02-2011.05,德国海德堡大学， 访问学者,2011.06-2012.12,丹麦奥胡斯大学， 博士后,2013.01-,至今,中科院宁波材料所，,“,春蕾,”,副研究员,Microscopic,Fast charge,High energy density,High stability,Low environmental impact,low self-discharge,High capacity,SEI,layer,Role of electrolytes,Structure variation,Strain of electrode,Ion transportation,capacity deterioration,Macroscopic,MOF,COF,Mxenes,Research Area,新型锂离子,电池电极材料,现有锂离子电池,电极材料表,/,界面分析,ACS Nano, 2017, 11, 38413850,Small Methods,.,2017, 1700298,卷绕工,艺流,程图,（,process for making lithium-ion batteries,）,搅拌,（,Mixing,）,涂布,（,Coating,）,冷压,（,Cold Lam,）,裁片分条,（,Slitting,）,焊接,（,Welding,）,卷绕,（,Winding,）,顶封,（,Top sealing,）,注液,（,Inject,）,化成,（,Formation,）,成型,（,Forming,）,测试,Formation(,预化成）,To form stable Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) on the surface of electrodes.,Fabrication processes for LIBs,physical, chemical and topography information of SEI,“震惊,!,原来影响电池性能的竟然是这几纳米的一层膜”,Solid Electrolyte Interphase,(SEI),，,a sacrificial layer reduced from electrolyte solution (organic solvents) during first/first few cycles of discharging/charging.,是,Li,+,的优良导体,是良好的,电子绝缘体,有效,防止溶剂分子的共嵌入,SEI,膜太薄,不连续,：无法有效缓解电极液持续分解（,胀气,）,SEI,膜太厚：增加了界面的锂离子传输阻抗，降低了整个体系的动力学（,温升、锂枝晶,）,储能科学与技术,2017/3,Importance of SEI in LIBs,Science, 2017,冷冻电镜,受操作环境影响，,无法使用常规电解液，无法实现原位观察,原子力显微镜（,AFM,）,研究,表面科学,的有力工具,透射电镜（,TEM,）,优势,：,实时、原位、无破坏性，低成本；,测试模块多样化；,可在大气、液体、超高真空下工作,白春礼,万立骏,Techniques for SEI observation,面向锂离子电池研究,电化学原子力显微镜系统,EC-Cell,AFM system,EC station,Battery testing Sys,Connect to EC station and heater,AFM,and STM system,H,2,O, O,2,0.1 ppm,中科院仪器设备功能开发技术创新项目,30,万,2015,年初开始运行,EC-AFM systems for LIBs,SEI,layer formation on HOPG,（,Graphite),SEI layer formed in EC/DMC,SEI layer formed in FEC/DMC,XPS characterization,通过改变电解液组成，可以,有效调控,SEI,膜的厚度、致密性、化学组成、弹性模量,Modulating SEI by electrolytes,ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces,2015, 7, 25441;,Appl. Surf. Sci,., 2017, 426, 217,Youngs modulus of SEI,SEI formed from LiDFOB electrolyte has higher Yongs modulus than,SEI formed from LiBOB electrolyte.,AFM study of SEI formation on Li,4,Ti,5,O,12,1 M LiPF,6,in EC/DMC,No electrolyte decomposition was observed between 2.5-1.0 V.,No SEI layer formation was observed.,scan rate,：,1 mV/s,a,b,c,295 nm,330 nm,before CV,after CV,a,b,c,d,a,1,a,a,2,d,b,c,e,f,After 3,rd,CV,Scratched,SEI formation on LTO anode,ES,还原电位在,1.8 V,左右（,vs. Li/Li,+,),10 ml 1 M LiPF,6,in EC/DMC + 2 ml ES,Ethylene sulfate (ES),Initial dendrite formation,Small Methods,.,2017, 1700298,实现锂枝晶成核初期的原位观察,含,FEC,电极液所形成的,SEI,膜可有效抑制锂枝晶的生长,Future works,2018,2019,2020,Modulating SEI of Li metal anode,开发安全、长循环金属锂负极,Aging,Li-S,Li-O,2,形貌图,Conductive AFM,Conductive AFM,（,C-AFM,）,Surface potential,Measurement (KPFM),形貌图,表面电势分布图,100 nm,Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy,For in situ ORROERHER,study in catalyst,Future works,黄世强（硕士生）,硅负极,SEI,膜及结构演变的原位,AFM,研究,胡国宏（硕士生）,金属锂负极,SEI,膜及结构演变的原位,AFM,研究,毕业生：,赵冲冲（硕士生）,MOF,电池， 比克电池,靳岩（硕士生）,MOF,电池，中科院纳米能源所,高国梁（硕士生）,MOF,、,Mxene,材料锂电池，同济大学,王舒玮（硕士生）,EC-AFM,，清华大学深圳研究生院,Thanks,