高考英语二轮专题复习：完形填空专题课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/3/28,#,完形填空专题（一）,2020,届高三二轮专题复习,完形填空专题（一）2020届高三二轮专题复习,1,考纲摘录,完形填空主要考查考生在阅读理解的基础上运用词汇的能力。,共,20,小题，每小题,1.5,分。在一篇约,250,词的短文中留出,20,个空白，要求考生从每题所给的,4,个选项中,选出最佳选项,，使补全后的短文意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。,考纲摘录 完形填空主要考查考生在阅读理解的基础,2,短,文特点,卷别,年份,短文长度,体裁,卷别,年份,短文长度,体裁,卷别,年份,短文长度,体裁,卷,2019,252,说明文,卷,2019,271,记叙文,卷,2019,242,记叙文,2018,268,记叙文,2018,260,记叙文,2018,261,记叙文,2017,255,记叙文,2017,256,记叙文,2017,256,记叙文,长度：,约,250,词,体裁：,多为记叙文,内容：,传播知识，传递正能量，可读性较强。,(2019),主要报道挪威小镇利用高科技设备改善其一年中几乎半年无法得到阳光直射的现状。,(2019),介绍了乞力马扎罗山的环境污染以及当地机构努力治理之后环境的改观。,(2019),讲述,Ehlers,帮助素不相识的人找回走失的宠物狗的故事。,短文特点卷别年份短文长度体裁卷别年份短文长度体裁卷别年份短文,3,卷,2019,2018,2017,单,词,名 词,7,7,5,动 词,6,8,11,形容词,4,3,3,副 词,1,1,1,词组或短语,2(,动,),1,正确答案分布,5555,5555,5555,卷,2019,2018,2017,5,3,9,8,10,9,3,4,2,2,2,2(1,动,),1,5555,5555,5555,卷,2019,2018,2017,5,6,7,8,9,7,5,4,4,2,1,2(,动,),5555,5555,5555,考点分析,1.,四种词类,2.,四,个选项的语法形式一致。,3.,四个选项的意义相差很大。,4.,正确选项中,A,、,B,、,C,、,D,的个数均等，都为,5,个。,命,题,揭,秘,卷 201920182017名 词775动 词,4,完形填空需要的三种技能,会阅读,能看懂,会选择,predicting,skimming,scanning,careful reading,文章中心；语篇结构；整体理解；,逻辑线索：,故事情节、人物情感,还原文章原貌；突出文章中心,完形填空需要的三种技能会阅读能看懂会选择predicting,5,对短文意思理解不到位,没有在上下文中找到解题线索,缺乏清晰的解题思路和方法,先完意，再完形,!,SOLUTION,1.,通读全文，理解大意。,缺乏词汇积累,2.,根据,语境,，初选答案。,3.,复读全文，解决难题。,4.,利用规律，不留空格。,四个解题步骤,忽视语境,先易后难！,DIFFICULTY,对短文意思理解不到位没有在上下文中找到解题线索缺乏清晰的解题,6,一个基本方法,完形填空中的任何一题该选哪个选项，在文中必有依据。因此，解答完形填空最基本的方法就是根据空格前后所提供的信息，结合常识进行适度的推理，作出符合逻辑的判断，从而选出正确的答案。可归纳为：,完形每题必有据，上下求索找信息。,有的空格的答案信息点在空格前，有的在空格后，有的在前文和后文都有出现，需要综合起来考虑或起相互印证的效果。如：,解,题,方,略,一个基本方法 完形填空中的任何一题该选哪个选项,7,(2019,全国,卷,)Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro,the highest mountain in Africa.They bring with them lots of waste.The,42,might damage the beauty of the place.,42.A.stories B.buildings C.crowds D.reporters,(2019,全国,卷,)Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him.Nervousness and fear were replaced with,49,.It just started licking(,舔,)Ehlers face.,49.A.surprise B.joy C.hesitation D.anxiety,(2017,全国,卷,)The story began during my first week at college.I watched as the ASL Club,47,their translation of a song.Both the hand movements and the very idea of communicating without speaking attracted me.,47.A.recorded B.performed C.recited D.discussed,1.,根据上文信息。,2.,根据下文信息。,3.,根据上下文信息。,人群,快乐,B,C,表演,B,(2019全国卷)Every year about 40,8,(2019,全国,卷,)Back home,Ehlers was troubled by that,45,dog.So,four days later,he called his friend Greg,and the two drove back,A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one,50,as lost in the local paper.,45.A.injuredB.stolenC.lostD.rescued,注意：,虽然绝大多数题只需根据空格所在句的前后信息或空格前后句提供的信息就可以选出正确答案，,但有的题的答案信息，可能出现在与空格相差几句之遥，甚至在下一段或更远处。,如：,C,此为举例用，不必堂上做！,(2019全国卷)Back home,Ehlers w,9,六个微技能,将相关信息和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识，以及科普常识等结合起来，进行简单推理，从而得出正确答案。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推断”常常交织在一起，因为虽有背景常识，仍需简单推理；逻辑推理离不开背景常识。如：,(2019,全国,卷,)The crowds might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers(,冰川,)are disappearing,changing the,43,of Kilimanjaro.,43.A.position B.age C.face D.name,地貌,C,1.,背景常识,六个微技能将相关信息和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识，以及,10,六个微技能,词语复现是指某一个词以,原词,，或,同义词,(,如,decide,与,determine),、,同源词,(,如,ill,与,illness),、,上下义词,(,如,flower,与,rose),、,反义词,(,如,wrong,与,right),等方式在同一语篇中重复出现的现象。词语复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段，我们可以借助这一衔接手段解答完形填空题。如：,(2019,全国,卷,)However,I soon discover that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of,46,among tons of rubbish.I find a clean mountain,with toilets at camps and along the paths.,46.A.equipmentB.grass C.campsD.stones,2.,词语复现,原词复现,（原词复现）,六个微技能词语复现是指某一个词以原词，或同义词(如decid,11,六个微技能,2.,词语复现,(2017,全国,卷,)While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life,college sets the stage for that exploration.I myself went through this,41,process and found something,41.A.searchingB.planning C.naturalD.formal,近义词复现,探索,(2010,大纲,卷,)It can set up a warm conversation between two people far apart;it can keep a,22,with very little effort And with that one letter we,became friends,again.,22.A.recordB.promiseC.friendshipD.secret,同源词复现,(2016,全国,卷,),Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport,I figured it all out.Ranis,39,her warm smile,her nods,her Im here for you attitude,39.A.forgiveness B.eagernessC.friendliness D.skillfulness,下义词,(,具体行为,),（同,/,近义复现；,同源词复现；,上下义复现,）,上义词,(,概括,),六个微技能2.词语复现(2017全国卷)While hi,12,六个微技能,某些,语义相关联的词语,在语篇中有同时出现的倾向性，叫词语同现。也有人将相关联的一群词称之为“词场”。同现词之间有反义或相对关系，或者同类互补关系等。如,ill,、,hospital,、,doctor,、,nurse,、,operation,、,medicine,、,patient,等一群相互关联的词语就有同时出现在一个语篇中的可能性。如：,3.,词语同现,(2019,全国,卷,)Mountains are regarded as spiritual places by many cultures.This view is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as,53,go through five ecosystems(,生态系统,)in the space of a few kilometers.,53.A.scientistsB.climbers C.localsD.officials,句意：在乞力马扎罗，登山者,(climbers),在几公里的空间里穿越五种生态系统。,六个微技能某些语义相关联的词语在语篇中有同时出现的倾向性，叫,13,六个微技能,4.,逻辑关系,（因果、,转折、,对比、,递进、,让步、,并列、,条件与结果,）,(2017,全国,卷,)In 1973,I was teaching elementary school.Each day,27 kids entered“The Thinking Laboratory”.That was the name students voted for after deciding that“Room 104”was too,43,.,43.A.small B.dark C.strange D.dull,(2019,全国,卷,)The environmental challenges a