英语连读的规则

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,0,英语连读的规则,L,iaison,Regulations in English,1.,连读的条件,相邻的两词在意义上必须密切相关，同属一个意群。连读所构成的音节一般都不重读，只需顺其自然地一带而过，不可读得太重。,1.,相邻的两词在意义上必须密切相关，同属一个意群。连读所构成的音节一般都不重读，只需顺其自然地一带而过，不可读得太重。,(1),“,辅音,+,元音”型,：连读在同一个意群里，如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。,eg.ImanEnglish,boy.,Itisanold,book.,Let me havea lookatit,.,Ms Blackworkedinanofficeyesterday,.,Putiton,please.Notatall.Please pickitup.,一,.,连读的条件,2.,“r/re+,元音”型连读,如果前一个词是以,-r,或者,-re,结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，,这时的,r,或,re,不但要发,/r/,，而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。,eg.Theyre my fatherand mother.,I looked forit hereand there.Thereis a football underit.,Thereare some books on the desk.Hereis a letter for you.,Hereare foureggs.But whereis my cup?,Whereare your brotherand sister?,但是，如果一个音节的前后都有字母,r,，即使后面的词以元音开头，也不能连读。,The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.,（,nearer,与,and,不可连读）,一,.,连读的条件,3.,“,辅音,+,半元音”型连读,英语语音中的,/j/,和,/w/,是半元音，如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以半元音，特别是,/j/,开头，此时也要连读。,eg.Thankyou.,Nice to meetyou.,Didyou get there lateagain?,Wouldyou likea cupof tea,？,Couldyou help me,please?,“,音的同化”,常把,/d/+/j/,读成,/dV/,，,did you,听上成了,/dIdVu/,，,would you,成了,/wudVu/,，,could you,成了,/kudVu/,。,一,.,连读的条件,4.,“,元音,+,元音”型连读,:,如果前一个词以元音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。,eg.Iam Chinese.,Heis very friendly to me.,She wants to studyEnglish.,Howand why did you come here?,She cant carryit.,Itll take you threehours to walk there.,The question is tooeasy for him to answer.,一,.,连读的条件,5.,当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时，意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现，也不可连读。,Isit ahat or a cat?,（,hat,与,or,之间不可以连读）,Thereisa good book in my desk.,（,book,与,in,之间不可以连读）,Can you speakEnglish or French?,（,English,与,or,之间不可以连读）,Shall we meet ateight or ten tomorrow morning?,（,meet,与,at,，,eight,与,or,之间不可以连读）,She opened the door and walkedin.,（,door,与,and,之间不可以连读）,一,.,连读的条件,2.,失去爆破,失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，就是在某些情况下，只须做出发音的准备，但并不发音，稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。,6,个爆破音有,3,对,/p/,，,/b/;/t/,，,/d/;/k/,，,/g/,失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，就是在某些情况下，只须做出发音的准备，但并不发音，稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。,(1)“,爆破音,+,爆破音”型,6,个爆破音中的任意,2,个相临时，前一个爆破音会失去爆破，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破,eg.The girl in the re(d)coat was on a bla(ck)bike jus(t)now.,The bi(g)bus from the fa(c)tory is full of people.,Wha(t)time does he get up every morning?,The ol(d)do(c)tor has a ca(t),too.,Were going to work on a farm nex(t)Tuesday.,What would you like,ho(t)tea or bla(ck)coffee?,Its a very col(d)day,but its a goo(d)day.,二,.,失去爆破,(2)“,爆破音,+,摩擦音”型,:,如果前面是爆破音，其后紧跟着某些摩擦音（如,/f/,，,/s/,，,/W/,，,/T/,等），那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破，而后面那个摩擦音则要完全爆破。,eg.Goo(d)morning,Mr.Bell.,Uncle Lis fa(c)tory is qui(te)near to the cinema.,I wen(t)there alone a(t)nine las(t)night.,-Do you know his bi(ke)number?-Sorry,I don(t)know.,The forty-firs(t)lesson is qui(te)difficult.,Goo(d)luck,Lin Tao.,二,.,失去爆破,3.,浊化和弱读,美国人和加拿大人发音为了省事，习惯清音浊化，尤其是,t,在单词的中间一定会浊化成,d,，但英国人发音不会这样，这也是英音和美音的一大区别。,1,、,S,后面的清辅音要浊化,eg.discussion,：,k,浊化成,g stand,：,t,浊化成,d expression,：,p,浊化成,b,2,、美音中：,t,在单词的中间被浊化成,d,如：,writer,，听起来和,rider,的发音几乎没有区别,letterladder,美国人和加拿大人发音为了省事，习惯清音浊化，尤其是,t,在单词的中间一定会浊化成,d,，但英国人发音不会这样，这也是英音和美音的一大区别。了解这一浊化原则，会给听力带来一些帮助。,三,.,浊化,一般来说：实词重读，如动词、名词、副词等；虚词弱读，如介词、代词等 弱读的规则一般是：元音音节弱化成,E,如单词,for from to some am do have does,强式,fC:frC:m tU:sQm Am dU:hAv dQz,弱式,f frm t sm m d hv dz,四,.,弱读,5.,英音和美音的差异,The point is that his university life might not have been so difficult if his ability has been recognized sooner.,由于美音的流行，四级考试听力也以美音为主，但是，由于历史的原因，我国大多数英语教师的发音，仍然以英音为主，所以，我们脑海中根深蒂固的英式发音，可能和磁带中的发音不一致，进而造成四级听力中的障碍。英语和美语在读音上的差异主要反映在元音字母,a,o,和辅音字母,r,的不同读音上。,(1),在,ask,、,cant,、,dance,、,fast,、,path,这一类的单词中，英国人将字母,a,读作,a:,，而美国人则读作,，所以这些词在美国人口中就成了,AskkAntdAnsfAst,和,pB:W,。,五,.,英音和美音的差异,Examples for Practice,The point is that his university life might not have been so difficult if his ability has been recognized sooner.,I knew its sudden,but this is an important opportunity.,Well,I wasnt clear about my future.,Its rather cold out here on the deck.,Mike and I had a hamburger this afternoon and we talk.,You couldnt pick a finer medical school than Michigan.,The small producer working from his farm dairy continued to exist and still exist today.,THANK YOU,