高中语法之情态动词课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,情态动词表说话人的某种感情,或语气，对某一动作或状态的,某种态度。表示“需要、可以、,必须、应当”等。,情态动词,(modal verbs),情态动词表说话人的某种感情情态动词(modal verb,I can speak English.,Man can not live without air or water.,1.,表能力或客观可能性,2.,表示“请求”“允许”,(,表请求时，口语中常用,could,代替,can,使语气更委婉，回答时用,can),I.can,与,could,3.,表示“许可”，可与,may,换用。,You can go home now.,4.can,用于疑问句或否定句中时，表惊异、怀疑或,不相信等，意思是“可能、能够”。,Can/Could I use your dictionary?,Could you lend me a hand?,How can you be so careless?,He couldnt be over sixty.,I can speak English.1.表能力或客观,The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.,A.had to B.would,C.could D.was able to,注意：,can,和,be able to,的区别,can,只有两种时态,be able to,有多种时态和形式,可表经过一番努力成功地做成某事,1.Mr.Bush is on time for everything.How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?,A.can B.should C.may D.must,A,D,The fire spread through the,II.may,与,might,1.,表示“许可”或“请求”，有“可以”的意思，口语中,常用,might,代,may,表示委婉语气。,否定回答时用,“,must not”,表“禁止，阻止”，,不用,“,may not,”,.“may not”,表示“可能不”。,-May I watch TV after supper?,2.may/might as well+do “,还是,为好”,You may as well go and have a look.,3.May you+,动词原形 表“希望、祝愿、祈求”,“祝你,”,May you succeed.,-Yes,you may./No,you mustnt.,II.may 与might1.表示“许可”或“请求”，有,III.must,与,have to,1.,表示义务或强烈的劝告，意为“必须”“应该”，,其否定式表示“不准”“禁止”。,You must finish your homework first.,Children mustnt speak like that to their parents.,2.,回答,must,所在的一般疑问句时，否定回答用,“,neednt”“dont have to”.,-Must we finish the work tomorrow?,-No,you neednt/dont have to,but you must,finish it in three days.,III.must与have to 1.表示义务或强烈的劝,I dont like this TV set.We _ buy a new one.,There was no more bus.They _ walk home.,注意：,表示“必须”这个意思时，,must,和,haveto,稍有区别。,must,着重说明,主观,看法，,haveto,强调,客观,需要。另外，,haveto,能用于更多时态。,must,had to,I dont like this TV set.We _,1.Johnny,you _play with the knife,you _hurt yourself.,A.wont;cant B.mustnt;may,C.shouldnt;must D.cant;wouldnt,B,2.I missed the bus,so I _ go home on foot.,A.must B.may C.can D.had to,D,1.Johnny,you _play with,IV.should,与,ought to,1.,用于表劝告、建议。意为”应该、应当”。,You should keep your promise.,2.,用于表推测。意为“可能、按理应该,”,Its 7 oclock,he should be at home.,Its nearly time for class to start.The teacher should,be here soon.,3.,Ought to,用于表劝告、建议。意为”应该、应当”,口气比,should,稍微重。,Such things,ought not to be,done.,IV.should 与 ought to1.用于表劝告、,V.need(,需要,),与,dare,（敢）,1.need/dare,肯定句中，实义动词,She needs to do it.She dares to do it.,2.,用于否定句，疑问句中，情态动词、实义动词,She need not go there.She doesnt need to go there.,She dare not go there.She doesnt,dare(to)go,there.,情态动词和实义动词的区别,A.,人称变化,B.do/to do C.,直接否定,/,间接否定,V.need(需要)与 dare（敢）1.need/da,注意：,1.Need,意为“必须”时，只用于否定或疑问句中,-Need I come?,-Yes,you must.,-No,you neednt,2.Dare,情态动词时，有过去式,-dared,I dared not quarrel with him.,注意：1.Need意为“必须”时，只用于否定或疑问句中-,1.You_himaboutitasIhavetoldhim.,A.need not to tell B.dont need tell,C.need not tell D.not need tell,2.I wonder how he _ that to the teacher.,A.dare to say B.dare saying,C.not dare say D.dared say,C,D,1.You_himaboutitas,VI.shall,1.,Shall,与第一、三人称疑问句连用，,表示征求对方的意见。可译为“,好吗？”的允诺。,Shall we begin our discussion?,Shall the driver wait?,2.,Shall,与第二、三人称陈述句连用表示说话人,的允诺、警告、命令、决心等语气。,You shall get the book tomorrow.,He shall be punished.,You shall go with me.,允诺,警告,命令,VI.shall1.Shall 与第一、三人称疑问句连用,VII.will,与,would,2.Will,在第二人称疑问句中，表示对对方的“请求、建议”等，用,would,比用,will,委婉，客气些,Will you lend me your book?,Would you like a cup of tea?,1.,用于表示意志或意愿。,will,指现在，,而,would,指 过去,可用于多种人称。,If you,will,come,I,will,go to meet you.,They said that they would help us.,3.Will,表示习惯性动作或某种倾向。可译作“总是、惯于”,will,指现在，,would,指过去。,He will often read all night.,Every evening,she would sit by window,deep in thought.,Fish will die without water.,The door wont open.,倾向,习惯,VII.will 与would 2.Will 在第二人称,VIII.,猜测用法,2.,must,+be/be doing,表示,“,肯定性,”,猜测,，作“准是”，“一定”，一般用于肯定句中。,1.,may,和,might,表示,“可能性”猜测,may/might+be/be doing,指现在的状态或可能发生的动作。,She,may,not be working now.John,might,be at home now.,You,must,bethenewteacher.,He,must,bejoking.,3.cant,用于,否定性,猜测，意为,“不可能”,-Listen,someone is knocking at the door,who can it be?,-It cant be Tom,he has gone abroad.,一、表示对,现在,的推测,VIII.猜测用法2.must+be/be doin,1.Peter _ come with us tonight,but he isnt very sure yet.,A.must B.may C.can D.will,2.You _ be hungry already you had lunch only two hours ago.,A.wouldnt B.cant C.mustnt D.neednt,B,B,1.Peter _ come with us to,二、表示对,过去,事情的推测,1.may/might have done “,可能已经做了某事”,eg:Tom may have gone to shanghai,but I am not still sure about it.,2.must have done “,肯定已经做了某事”,eg:The ground is rather wet,so it must have rained last night.,3.cant/couldnt have done“,不可能已经做了某事”,eg:The ground is very dry,so it couldt have rained last night,注：在疑问句中,can/could,表示对过去情况的疑问性,推测，“可能已经,了吗？”,eg:Someone must have broken into our bedroom,Who could have done it?,二、表示对过去事情的推测1.may/might have,-The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild,animals for 13 years before she returned.,-Oh,dear!She _ a lot of difficulties.,A.may go through B.might go through,C.ought to have gone through D.must have gone through,2.My sister met him at the Grand Theate