大学英语说明文与议论文的写作方法

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,Klicken Sie,um das Titelformat zu bearbeiten,Page,*,Klicken Sie,um die Formate des Vorlagentextes zu bearbeiten,Zweite Ebene,Dritte Ebene,Vierte Ebene,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,文章写作,说明,文,文和,议,议论,文,文,例子,和,和技,巧,巧,说明,文,exposition,说明,文,文,:,对事,物,物的,客,客观,说,说明,，,，不,带,带个,人,人观,点,点，,使,使人,了,了解,事,事物,。,。,议论,文,文：,表,表达,主,主观,态,态度,，,，刺,激,激情,感,感、,劝,劝服,或,或打,动,动别,人,人。,说明,文,文目,的,的是,：,：,说,说明,情,情况,、,、解,释,释事,物,物或,阐,阐明,事,事理,。,。,(,授人,以,以知,识,识，,让,让人,明,明白,),说明,文,文的,特,特点,：,：,说,说明,性,性、,知,知识,性,性、,科,科学,性,性、,实,实用,性,性。,辨别,文,文体,Whatcauseswaves?,Myvillage,Thecaraccident,Is Hitting aChild an Appropriate Form of Discipline?,Howto makefriends?,说明文的,写,写作方法,下定义,分类法,例证法,4.,比较对照,法,法比较对,照,照法,(A1,A2,A3,.;B1,B2,B3.),或,(A1,B1;A2,B2.),打比方,列数字,引用,列图表,因果关系,法,法,议论文,argumentation,通过摆事,实,实讲道理,和,和逻辑推,理,理的方式,，,，对一个,观,观点、主,张,张、现象,展,展开论证,，,，陈述各,种,种理由，,分,分析各种,现,现象，发,表,表看法，,力,力图说服,读,读者，与,读,读者产生,共,共鸣。,议论文的,三,三要素：论点、论,据,据和论证,要做到：,论,论点明,确,确，论据,有,有说服力,，,，论证要,严,严密的逻,辑,辑推理。,论证的方,法,法有：,归,归纳法、,演,演绎法、,反,反正法、,类,类推法、,列,列举法、,对,对比法、,定,定义法、,因,因果法等,议论文,的,的分段,：,：开,始,始段、,正,正文段,和,和结尾,段,段,段首句,的,的重要,性,性：,(,论点：,提,提出,观,观点,),TheOtherSideofCity Life.140words.,City life,attractive,the other sideof,thepicture,housing problem,pollution,harmfulgases,poisonous water,noise,ahigh pressure upon,hurry,bump into,floodofpeople,carsetc.highcrimerate,victims,copewith.,常见考,题,题,1.,图表式,，,，抓,“,“最”,2.,定义式,PracticeMakesPerfect,3.,比较,Good andBadHabits,4.,知识,ThePotential of Internet Education,5.,分类,Dictionariesof English,6.,谚语或道理,如：,It IsNevertoo Old to Learn,No Pains,No Gains,It Pays to Be Honest,Punctuality,A,正反观点对比,型,型：,/,选择型,有人反对网上,聊,聊天,有,有人赞成网,上,上聊天,我,我的,看,看法,有人认为读书,要,要有选择,有,有人认为,应,应当博览群书,我,我的看法,有人认为学历,很,很重要,有,有人,认,认为经验更重,要,要,我,我,的,的看法,有人认为读书,药,药买书读,有,有人认为应,当,当在网络上读,书,书 我的看法,有人认为金钱,是,是幸福之本,有,有人认为金钱,是,是万恶之本,我,我的看法,有些人喜欢养,小,小动物为宠物,有,有些人反,对,对饲养小动物,我,我的看,法,法,有人认为私家,车,车给生活带来,方,方便 有人,认,认为私家车有,许,许多弊端,我,我的看法,有人认为上网,可,可以开阔视野,查,查找资料更为,便,便捷 有人,认,认为上网浪费,时,时间甚至荒废,学,学业 我的看,法,法,Automobiles/Hometelephones/TV/Computers/StudyingAbroad,技巧,每段各自讲透,要过渡（,but,however),结尾可走极端,也,也可中庸（狡,猾,猾型）,辨别是非,The More Friends,The Better?,模板：,Thereis nocomplete agreementamongpeople as to _.Some people consider_.However,others think _.,Some peoplemay say _.Theyhold this opinionbecause _.however,others believe_.They argue that _.,Personally,I am in favor of the _.Firstly,_.Secondly,_.Most importantof all,_.Taking above-mentioned factors into consideration,we/I may reasonably conclude that _.,模板,Some peoplepreferto _.In their opinion,AAA_.In addition,_.Nevertheless,nowadays,BBBhas becomemore and more common.,Thereare some people,especially some young men,who_.Theirreasons aredifferent,sometimes for _,sometimes for_,andsometimes simply for _.,My ownpointof view isthat BBB isa normal behaviorin oursociety.There isno doubt that _.As an oldsayinggoes_.,B,现象分析型（,问,问题型和观点,型,型）,1.ItPays to Be Honest,当前社会上存,在,在许多不诚实,的,的现象,诚实利人利己,，,，做人应该诚,实,实,2.,上课点名,有,有些老,师,师喜欢上课点,名,名,而,而有些学生不,喜,喜欢,我,我的看法,3,国内过洋节,在,在中国，过,洋,洋节的越来越,多,多；但有许多,人,人仍然坚持过,中,中国的传统节,日,日；结论,4,InternetInformation,互,联,联,网,网,给,给,人,人,们,们,提,提,供,供,许,许,多,多,有,有,价,价,值,值,信,信,息,息,的,的,同,同,时,时,也,也,会,会,产,产,生,生,不,不,良,良,的,的,问,问,题,题,。,。,说,说,明,明,产,产,生,生,不,不,良,良,问,问,题,题,的,的,原,原,因,因,并,并,表,表,明,明,你,你,的,的,观,观,点,点,。,。,5,PiratedcopiesNowadays,thepiratedcopiesbecomemoreandmore.,Anumberoffactorscouldaccountforthis.,Therearemanywaystosolvethisproblem.,6.Advertisement,铺,天,天,盖,盖,地,地,的,的,广,广,告,告,可,可,以,以,刺,刺,激,激,人,人,们,们,消,消,费,费,；,；,但,但,是,是,广,广,告,告,牌,牌,随,随,处,处,可,可,见,见,，,，,甚,甚,至,至,影,影,响,响,正,正,常,常,生,生,活,活,；,；,我,我,的,的,观,观,点,点,。,。,7,Moderncommunications,随,着,着,社,社,会,会,的,的,发,发,展,展,，,，,人,人,们,们,面,面,对,对,面,面,的,的,交,交,流,流,少,少,了,了,；,；,人,人,们,们,面,面,对,对,面,面,的,的,交,交,流,流,少,少,的,的,原,原,因,因,；,；,你,你,的,的,观,观,点,点,。,。,技,巧,巧,发,现,现,问,问,题,题,（,（,现,现,象,象,）,）,，,，,或,或,提,提,出,出,问,问,题,题,分,析,析,问,问,题,题,（,（,现,现,象,象,）,）,解,决,决,问,问,题,题,/,对,现,现,象,象,的,的,走,走,向,向,的,的,预,预,测,测,More(,观,点,点,型,型,）,）,ShouldtheUniversityCampusBeOpenedtoTourists?,名,校,校,校,校,园,园,正,正,成,成,为,为,旅,旅,游,游,新,新,热,热,点,点,；,；,校,校,园,园,是,是,否,否,应,应,对,对,游,游,客,客,开,开,放,放,，,，,人,人,们,们,有,有,不,不,同,同,看,看,法,法,；,；,我,我,的,的,看,看,法,法,Myviewonopportunity,机,遇,遇,光,光,顾,顾,有,有,准,准,备,备,的,的,人,人,；,；,机,机,不,不,可,可,失,失,，,，,时,时,不,不,再,再,来,来,；,；,我,我,的,的,观,观,点,点,。,。,Myviewongoingabroad,越,来,来,越,越,多,多,的,的,大,大,学,学,生,生,选,选,择,择,毕,毕,业,业,后,后,出,出,国,国,；,；,理,理,由,由,；,；,我,我,的,的,看,看,法,法,Myviewonmobilephonesinclass,如,今,今,大,大,学,学,生,生,手,手,机,机,持,持,有,有,率,率,越,越,来,来,越,越,高,高,；,；,但,但,课,课,堂,堂,响,响,起,起,影,影,响,响,授,授,课,课,；,；,我,我,的,的,观,观,点,点,Myviewonthemostimportantcharacteristicsthatamanshouldhaveitlife.,一,个,个,人,人,最,最,重,重,要,要,的,的,性,性,格,格,是,是,什,什,么,么,；,；,好,好,的,的,性,性,格,格,可,可,以,以,助,助,你,你,成,成,功,功,；,；,我,我,的,的,观,观,点,点,。,。,大致的提纲：,Paragraph 1:Explainthe meaning of the title,some aspects involvedand some of your views as well.,Paragraph 2:Provideenoughpersuasive proofs tosupport yourpoint of views.,Paragraph 3:Summarize theresultsand put forward yourhopesand suggestions.,谚语型和道理型,It Is Never too Old to Learn,No Pains,NoGains,It Paysto BeHonest,Punc