大学英语跨文化交际chapter2 Communication and Intercultural Communication

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,大学英语跨文化交际,Chapter 2,Communication and Intercultural Communication,Essay Questions for Chapter 1,How do you define culture?,How does ones cultural identity often develop?Name the three stages and explain precisely.,What are the differences between subculture and subgroup?,Learning objectives,:,In this chapter,students will learn how to:,Understand the definition and components of communication,Describe the characteristics of communication,Summarize the definition of intercultural communication,Evaluate the forms of intercultural communication,Communication and Intercultural Communication,Communication,Culture and Communication,Intercultural Communication,Communication Defined,Components of Communication,Intercultural Communication Defined,Forms of Intercultural Communication,Characteristics of Communication,Dynamic,Systemic,Symbolic,Irreversible,Transactional,Self-reflective,Contextual,Lead-in Case:,She Has Three Hands,Suppose you are the Chinese doctor,if you are communicating with the Canadian physiotherapist,how would you respond to the situation?,What caused their communication conflicts?,What do you think of the different communication styles of the two doctors?,The definition of communication,Components of communication,Text A:,Communication,Text A:,Communication,The word communication is derived from the Latin word“communicare meaning to share with or to make common.,The study of communication is said to have begun some 2500 years ago in Greece with Aristotles Rhetoric and Poetics,which described the process of communication as involving a speaker,the speech act,an audience and a purpose.,Western Perspective of communication,Eastern perspective of communication,The,definition,of communication,Western Perspective of communication,In western cultures,communication is studied as the,means of transmitting ideas,.Western cultures emphasize,the instrumental function,of communication;that is,effectiveness,is evaluated in terms of success in the manipulation of others to achieve ones personal goal.,Eastern perspective of communication,Definitions of communication from many Asian countries stress,harmony,which is most notable in cultures with a Confucian tradition.Eastern cultures understanding would define communication as a process where all parties are searching to,develop and maintain a social relationship.,2.,Components of communication,A sender/source,is the person who transmits a message,.,A message,is any signal that triggers the response of a receiver.,Encoding,refers to the activity during which the sender must choose certain words or nonverbal methods to send an intentional message.,Encoding 编码,Channel/Medium 渠道,Channel/Medium,is the method used to deliver a,message,.,Message 信息,Sender/Source 信息源,Decoding 解码,Decoding,is the activity during which the receiver attaches meaning to the words or symbols he/she has received.,Receiver 信息接收者,A,receiver,is any person who notices and gives some meaning to a message.,Feedback 反响,The response of a receiver to a senders message is called,feedback,.,Noise 干扰,Noise,is a term used for factors that interfere with the exchange,of messages,including,external noise，physiological noise,psychological noise,and,semantic noise,.Noise is,inevitable,.,(1)External Noise,Sounds,that distract communicators:,voices,in the next room;,annoying ring,of someones cell phone in a meeting;etc.,Other types of external noise that,dont involve sound,:,an,overcrowded room,or a,smelly cigar,(2)Physiological Noise,illnesses,and,disabilities,(3)Psychological Noise,forces with the sender or receiver that interfere with understanding:,egotism;hostility;preoccupation;fear,;etc.,(4)Semantic Noise,caused by using,different languages,;the use of,jargon,;,different understanding of the,message,delivered;etc.,Context (语境),The physical context:location,The social context,People have shared expectations on what interactions are proper and what are not in different kinds of social events,like wedding,funeral,classroom,restaurant,etc.不同情境下适宜的行为方式,The interpersonal context,People have shared expectations on what interactions are proper and what are not in different kinds of relationships between communicators,like teacher-student,parent-child,boss-subordinate,etc.不同人际关系下的行为方式,Text B Characteristics of Communication,a.,Communication is dynamic,b.,Communication is systematic,c.,Communication is symbolic,d.,Communication is,irreversible,e.,Communication is transactional,f.,Communication is,self-reflective,g.,Communication is contextual,.,a.Communication is dynamic,Communication is an ongoing activity.,It is not fixed.A word or action does not stay,frozen when you communicate;it is,immediately replaced with yet another word,or action.,b.Communication is systematic,系统性的,Communication does not occur in isolation,or in a vacuum,but rather is part of a,larger system.We send and receive messages,not in isolation,but in a specific setting.,Setting and environment help det