英语基础语法巩固版

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,英语基础语法,英语的特点及基本结构,十大词类,名词,，,girl,measurement,woman,代词,，,I,him,his,mine,that,动词,，,beat,is,can,do,will,call,形容词,，,beautiful,difficult,副词,，,very,hard,carefully,.,限定词（冠词），,a,an,the,连词,，,and,but,because,数词,，,one,first,.,介词,，,on,in,from,of,.,感叹词,Wow,oh,句子,简单句,English sometimes made me frustrated,并列句,The teacher came into the classroom and said hello to the students.,主从复合句,Though English sometimes made me frustrated,I gradually find it interesting and rewarding.,简单句基本句型,(1),My name is Li Ming.,My major is Computer Science.,I am a freshman in Dalian Nationalities University.,It looks beautiful.,主语,+,（系）动词,+,表语,简单句基本句型,(2),I get up at six every day.,I study very hard.,I do so because,.,主语,+,动词,More,：,I can swim.,Ill try.,简单句基本句型,(3),I read English aloud.,I enjoy learning English.,We are studying sentence patterns now.,I saw him yesterday.,主语,+,动词,+,宾语,简单句基本句型,(4),My friends give me some advice.,My friends give some advice to me.,He handed me a letter.,He handed a letter to me,She sang us a song,She sang a song for us.,主语,+,动词,+,宾语,+,宾语,简单句基本句型,(5),I graually find it interesting and rewarding.,My friends call me Da Ming.,主语,+,动词,+,宾语,+,宾语补足语,More:,He found his new job boring.,This placed her in a very difficult position.,I saw her chatting with Nancy.,Conclusion,句子的基本组成成分有：主语，谓语，宾语，定语，补语，表语，同位语，其中主语和谓语部分是必不可少的。,简单句的基本句型有五种，主要取决于动词。,Exercise,我累了。,I,m tired.,我在学校里很高兴。,I,m happy in the school.,我会梦想成真的。,My dreams will come true.,太阳正在升起。,The sun is rising.,你睡的好吗？,Did you sleep well?,汽车坏了。,The car broke down.,我认识这些人。,I know these people.,我无法用英语表达自己的意思。,I can,t express myself in English.,她为我们做了顿饭。,She cooked a meal for us.,我看到她正和南希聊天。,I saw her chatting with Nancy.,我问了他们的名字。,扩句练习,He is running.,The noise made him angry.,My father bought me a present.,He keeps his eyes closed.,You will tell me a story.,We keep the room clean.,动词,类别,特点,意义,举例,实义动词,vt.,vi.,及物动词,单宾语及物动词,须跟一个宾语一起才能表达完整的意思,The teacher likes us.,句型,3,双宾语,及物动词,须跟两个宾语一起才能表达完整的意思,He give me some advice.,句型,4,复杂宾语,及物动词,须跟一个宾语和补语一起才能表达完整的意思,I find the course interesting.,句型,5,不及物动词不能直接接宾语,能独立作谓语,She always comes late.,句型,2,系动词,link-v,跟表语,不能独立做谓语，跟表语构成完整意思,I am a student.,句型,1,助动词,aux.v.,跟动词原形或分词,（无词汇意义）,不能独立做谓语，跟实义动词一起构成谓语，表示疑问，否定及各种时态,He doesn,t speak Chinese.,I am watching TV.,情态动词,mod.v,跟动词原形,（有自己的词汇意思）,不能独立做谓语。表示说话人语气、情态，无人称和数的变化,We can do it by ourselves.,That would be better.,短语动词,短语动词是由一些动词和其它词构成短语，表达一个完整的意思。其构成方式如下。,构成方式,举例,动词,+,介词,Look at,look after,动词,+,副词,Give up,put into,动词,+,副词,+,介词,Catch up with,look down upon,动词,+,名词,+,介词,Take care of,pay attention to,Be+,形容词,+,介词,Be proud of,be afraid of,复杂结构,Make up one,s mind,wind one,s way,谓语动词,形式,意义,举例,人称,与主语在人称一致,I am reading now.,第一人称,数,与主语在数上一致,He writes well.,第三人称单数,时态,表示动作发生的时间,He wrote a letter to me last month.,过去时态,语态,主语是动作的发生者或者承受者,We study English.,主动,The road was filled with rubbish.,被动,语气,说话人表达事实、要求、愿望等,He has flown to America.,事实,I wish I could fly to the moon some day.,愿望,系动词：,be,look/sound/smell/taste/feel;,become/get/turn/appear/seem,They are students.,She is beautiful.,He is,here/there/in/out/way,.,He is,in the classroom/on the playground,.,Her job is,teaching English/tiring/exciting,.,It looks fine.,The plan sounds good.,It,s getting late.,Her hair turned grey.,He always seems(to be)sad.,He seems to be afraid/asleep/awake/alive.(,表语形容词,),He appeared(to be quite)well prepared.,表语：名词，形容词，,介词短语,，,副词,，,动词,-ing,形式,Exercise-,句型（,1,）,变一般疑问句：,Are they students.,Is she beautiful.,Is he,here/there/in/out/way,.,Is he,in the classroom/on the playground,.,Is her job,teaching English/tiring/exciting,.,Does it look fine.,Does the plan sounds good.,Is It getting late.,Did Her hair turn grey.,Does he always seem(to be)sad.,Does he seems to be afraid/asleep/awake/alive.(,表语形容词,),Did he appeared(to be quite)well prepared.,变特殊疑问句,Who are they.,How is she like.,Where Is he.,Where Is he.,How/What is her job.,How does it look like.,How does the plan sound like.,How is it getting.,Whose hair turned grey.,How does he always seem to be.,How does he seems to be.,How did he appeared to be.,More exercise (,选择填空,),1.My brother _ a teacher.He _ his pupils very much.,A.is,like,B.is,likes,C.are,likes,D.are,like,2.A:How many days _ there in a week?,B:There _ seven.,A.is,is,B.are,are,C.is,are,D.are,is,3.I _ tired last night.,A.became,B.felt,C.looked,D.am,4.Her face _ pale,（苍白）,when she heard the bad news.,A.got,B.is,C.turned,D.was,5.You _ pale.Whats wrong with you?,A.turn,B.seem,C.look,D.become,6.The boy _ ill today.,A.are,B.is,C.be,D.am,7.Which _ bigger,the sun or the moon?,A.are,B.is,C.be,D.,9.I _ a worker next year.,A.am,B.will be,C.be,D.will,10.Her voice _ like my mothers.,A.sounds,B.sound,C.looks,D.look,11.It often rains and the crops _ fast.,A.get,B.turn,C.grow,D.become,12.A:How are you _ now?,B:Much better,thank you.,A.getting,B.feeling,C.making,D.turning,13.The teachers smile made me _ better.,A.feel,B.to feel,C.feeling,D.felt,14.My English teacher _.,A.all look young,B.looks young