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PART TWO,第二篇,语法突破篇,语法专题（十二）,主谓一致,PART TWO第二篇 语法突破篇语法专题（十二）主谓一致,1,【,中考考点,】,(1),就近一致原则。,(2),意义一致原则。,(3),语法一致原则。,【中考考点】,2,就近一致原则就是谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语的单、复数。,考点一就近一致原则,1.eitheror,neithernor,notbut,not onlybut also,等连接并列主语时,谓语动词的数与最靠近它的主语保持一致。,Neither her parents nor she herself,a bank clerk.,她父母和她本人都不是银行职员。,Either my father or my mother,on weekdays.,在工作日,不是我爸爸就是我妈妈做饭。,is,cooks,就近一致原则就是谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语的,3,2.,当,there be,句型中的主语是一系列事物时,谓语动词的数应与离其最近的主语保持一致。,There,a pen,a knife and several books on the desk.,书桌上有一支钢笔、一把小刀和几本书。,There,twenty boys and twenty-three girls in the classroom.,教室里有,20,名男生和,23,名女生。,3.,在,here,引导的句子中,主语又不止一个时,谓语动词的数通常与离其最近的主语保持一致。,is,are,2.当there be 句型中的主语是一系列事物时,谓语动词,4,考点二意义一致原则,1.,有些集合名词,如,family,class,team,等,作主语时,若看作整体,谓语动词用单数形式,;,若强调其中的每个成员,谓语动词用复数形式。,Mr.Smiths family,a big one.,史密斯先生家是一个大家庭。,Mr.Smiths family,watching TV.,史密斯一家正在看电视。,2.all,either,neither,most,some,any,none,作主语时,若代表可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数形式,;,若代表可数名词单数或不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。,Now all,been changed.,现在所有的情况都变了。,All,present.,所有的人都在这儿。,is,are,has,are,考点二意义一致原则1.有些集合名词,如family,cl,5,3.“,分数或百分数,+of+,名词,”,以及,“a lot of/lots of/plenty of/half of/the rest of/(a)part of+,名词,”,构成的短语作主语时,谓语动词的数由,of,后面的名词而定。名词是可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数形式,;,名词是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。,Lots of damage,caused by fire.,很多损失是由火造成的。,4.,名词所有格之后的名词被省略,表示,“,商店、工厂、住宅,”,等意义且作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。,The doctors,across from the street.,诊所在街道的对面。,is/was,is,3.“分数或百分数+of+名词”以及“a lot of/lo,6,5.politics,physics,works,the United States,news,maths,等词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。,The news,very exciting.,这则新闻是非常令人兴奋的。,Physics,a bit difficult for me.,物理对我来说有点儿难。,6.,表时间、距离、长度、价格、度量的词,(,短语,),作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。加减乘除也常看作整体,谓语动词也用单数形式。,Fifty dollars,enough.,五十美元足够了。,is,is,is,5.politics,physics,works,the U,7,7.“a number of+,可数名词复数,”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,;“the number of+,可数名词复数,”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。,The number of the students in our class,50.,我们班学生的数量是五十名。,A number of players,from America.,很多队员来自美国。,8.,形式上虽为单数,但意义为复数的名词,如,people,police,cattle,等作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。,A lot of people,dancing outside.,很多人正在外面跳舞。,The police,looking for the lost boy.,警察正在寻找那个丢失的男孩。,is,are/come,are,are,7.“a number of+可数名词复数”作主语时,谓语,8,考点三语法一致原则,1.each,以及由,some,any,no,every,等构成的复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。,Each of us,an English book.,我们每个人都有一本英语书。,everybody ready?,每个人都准备好了吗,?,2.,常以复数形式出现的名词,如,glasses,shoes,trousers,chopsticks,等作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。,has,Is,考点三语法一致原则1.each以及由some,any,9,3.,主语后有,with,together with,along with,besides,except,but,as well as,等引导的短语作插入语时,谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致。,The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.,老师和他的学生们将去参观博物馆。,4.,由,and,或,bothand,连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。当,and,连接的并列主语指的是同一个人或物时,谓语动词用单数形式,and,后面的名词前无冠词。,Both he and I are right.,我和他都是对的。,5.,单数可数名词、代词、不可数名词、动名词以及动词不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,;,主语为复数可数名词或代词时,谓语动词用复数形式。,3.主语后有with,together with,alo,10,中考真题演练,1.Both Kate and I,ready for the new school life.,A.am B.is C.are D.be,2.Look!A woman with three children,crossing the street.,Lets help them.,A.is B.are C.was D.were,3.Dont worry.There,enough water,vegetables and fruit in the fridge.,A.have B.are C.is D.has,C,A,C,中考真题演练1.Both Kate and I re,11,中考真题演练,4.Everybody except Mike and Linda,there when the meeting began.,A.are B.was C.were D.is,5.Jack,of the oranges,gone bad.,Wed better eat up the rest as soon as possible.,A.one fifth;haveB.one fifth;has,C.one fifths;haveD.first five;has,6.Playing computer games too much,bad for students health.,A.am B.is,C.are D.be,B,A,B,中考真题演练4.Everybody except Mike,12,中考真题演练,7.Not only you but also everyone here,watching football matches.,A.likes B.like,C.is like D.are like,8.The number of the volunteers in our city,2,000.And sixty percent of them,teachers and students.,A.is;is B.are;are,C.are;is D.is;are,A,D,中考真题演练7.Not only you but also,13,中考真题演练,9.Neither Tony nor I,interested in playing Weibo.,A.be B.is C.am D.are,10.What would you like to have for supper?,Either noodles or rice,OK.I dont mind.,A.are B.were,C.is D.was,C,C,中考真题演练9.Neither Tony nor I,14,
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