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,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,过去分词的用法,非谓语动词的用法讲解：,过去分词的用法非谓语动词的用法讲解：,非谓语,非谓语,谓语,or,非谓语,?,1.Tom came in the classroom,_(hold)a book in his hand.,2.Tom came in the classroom and_(hold)a book in his hand.,3.Tom who _(hold)a book in his hand came in the classroom.,4.Tom came in the classroom but he _(forget)to take the textbook.,holding,held,held,forgot,谓语or非谓语?1.Tom came in the clas,非谓语,非谓语,过去分词作表语,过去分词作定语,过去分词作状语,过去分词作宾语补足语,过去分词作表语,1.,及物动词的过去分词作表语，,与句子主语是被动关系,，表示主语的状态，,既表示被动，又表示完成。,(1)The cup is,broken,.,茶杯破了。,2.,不及物动词的过去分词作表语，,与句子主语是主动关系,，表示主语的状态，,只表示动作的完成。,(2)He is,retired,.,他已退休。,过去分词作表语,1.及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是被动关系，表示主,过去分词作定语,作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其,逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词,。及物动词的过去分词作定语，既,表被动又表完成,；,不及物动词的过去分词作定语，,只表完成。,1.,过去分词用作定语，如果是,单个,的，常置于其所修饰的,名词之前。,We must adapt our thinking to the,changed,conditions.,我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。,2.,过去分词,短语,用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的,名词之后，,其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于书面语中。,The concert,given by their friends,was a success.,他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。,过去分词作定语,There seemed to be nothing _to do but _for the doctor.,A leave/send B left/to send,C left/send D leaving/send,C,作介词,but,expect,besides,的宾语，前面又有实意动词,do,时，不定式通常省去,to,have nothing to do but do sth.,There seemed to be nothing _,2.The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year.,A.carry out B.carrying out,C.carried out D.to carry out,2.The manager discussed the p,1.The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C.,didnt include women until 1912.,A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be playing,1.The Olympic Games,_ in 7,2.Whats the language _ in Germany?A.speaking B.spoken,C.be spoken D.to speak,简析,:,该题应选,B,。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句,which is spoken,。,2.Whats the language _ in,3.Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited,3.Most of the artists _ to,The computer centre,_ last year,is very popular among the students in this school.,A.open B.opening,C.having opened D.opened,简析,:,该题应选,D,。测试过去分词短语作定,语放在所修饰的名词后,可以用非限制性定,语从句“,which was opened last year”,代替。,The computer centre,_ last,.The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A.having written B.to be written C.being written D.written,简析,:,该题应选,D,。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句,which were written,。,.The first textbooks _ for,.Dont use words,expressions,or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge.,A.being known B.having been known,C.to be known D.known,D,解析：答案,D,。,know,与,words,，,expressions,，,phrases,构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。,.Dont use words,expressions,过去分词作状语,1.,过去分词作状语过去分词作状语,表示被动的和完成的动作。,(1),Written,in a hurry,this article was not so good!,因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。,【,注意,】written,为过去分词作状语，表示这篇文章是,被写的，而且已经被写,。值得注意的是，有些过去分词因,来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主动。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：,lost,（迷路）；,seated,（坐）；,hidden,（躲）；,stationed,（驻扎）；,lost/absorbed in,（沉溺于）；,born,（出身于）；,dressed in,（穿着）；,tired of,（厌烦,）。,(2),Lost/Absorbed,in deep thought,he didnt hear the sound.,因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。,过去分词作状语,2.,过去分词作状语时,其逻辑主语为主句的主语,，此时应注意人称一致。,(1),Given,another hour,I can also work out this problem.,再给我一个小时，我也能解这道题。（,given,为过去分词作状语，它的逻辑主语为主句主语,I,，即,I,被再给一个小时。）,(2),Seen,from the top of the hill,the city looks more beautiful to us.,从山顶看城市，城市显得更漂亮。（,seen,为过去分词作状语，表“被看”，由语境可知，它的逻辑主语必须是城市，而不是“我们”，因为“我们”应主动看城市。）,2.过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此时应注意人称,1 _ time,he will make a first-class tennis player.,A Having given B To give C Giving D Given,2 _in 1636,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.,A Being founded B It was founded,C Founded D Founding,3 Unless _to speak,you should remain silent at the conference.,A invited B inviting,C being invited D having invited,D,C,A,1 _ time,he will make a fi,4 _,but,he still couldnt understand it.,A He had been told many times,B Having been told many times,C Told many times,D Although he had been told many times,5 When first _to the market,these products enjoyed great success.,A introducing B introduced,C introduce D being introduced,A,B,4 _,but he still couldnt un,7_everywhere,the wolves had no where _themselves.,A Hunting/hiding B To hunt/to hide,C Hunted/hiding D Hunted/to hide,D,7_everywhere,the wolves h,过去分词作宾语补足语,（一）能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类：,1.,表示,感觉或心理状态的动词。,如：,see,watch,observe,look at,hear,listen to,feel,notice,think,等。,(1)I heard,the song,sung,in English.,我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。（过去分词,sung,的动作显然先于谓语动作,heard,；）,(2)He found,his hometown,greatly,changed,.,他发现他的家乡变化很大。（过去分词,changed,的动作显然先于谓语动作,found,）,过去分词作宾语补足语,2.,表示“,致使”意义的动词,。如：,have,make,get,keep,leave,等。,(1)Ill,have,my hair,cut,tomorrow.,明天我要理发。,(2)He,got,his tooth,pulled out,yesterday.,他昨天把牙拔了。,(3)Dont,leave,those things,undone,.,要把那些事情做完。,【,注意,】,过去分词所表示的动作一定,和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。,2.表示“致使”意义的动词。如：have,make,g,（二）使役动词,have,接过去分词作宾补有两种情况。,1.,过去分词所表示的,动作由他人完成,。,(1)He had his money,stolen,.,他的钱给偷了。（被别人偷去了）,2.,过去分词所表示的动作,由句中的主语所经历,。如：,(2)He had his leg,broken,.,他的腿断了。（自己的经历）,（二）使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况。,9.Mrs.White was glad to see the nurse _ after her son and was pleased to see the boy well _ care of in the nursery.,looked;taken B.looking;taken,C.looked;took D.looking
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