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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Attributive Clause,定语从句,Attributive Clause定语从句,1,一、定义及相关术语,定语从句,：修饰一个名词或代词的从句。一般紧跟在先行词后面。,先行词,：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。,关系词,：引导定语从句的关联词。有关系代词和关系副词两种类型。它们的作用是引导定语从句，代替先行词，并在定语从句中担当一个句子成分。,关系代词,：,that,which,who,whom,whose,as,;,关系副词,：,when,where,why,一、定义及相关术语定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句。一般紧,2,翻译句子，找出其中的定语部分，如果有定语从句，指出先行词和关系代词。,e.g.She drives a new car.,She drives a car that her father gives her as a birthday present.,Due to the changeable weather,Wuhan is a city where you can experience four seasons in a day.,_,_,_,先行词,关系代词,_,先行词,关系,副词,翻译句子，找出其中的定语部分，如果有定语从句，指出先行词和关,3,二、关系代词引导的定语从句,The boys are playing football.,The boys are from Class One.,The boys,who/that,are playing foot ball are from Class One.,2.The TV organizers planed to invite some musicians.,The musicians could act as well as sing.,The TV organizers planed to invite some musicians,who/that,could act as well as sing.,关系代词,who,that,都可以指人，引导先行词为人的定语从句。,二、关系代词引导的定语从句The boys are play,4,The man is Dr.Li.,You were talking about the man just now.,The man,(whom),you were talking about just now is Dr.Li.,2.He is a paper-cutting artist.,I interviewed the artist for my article on China Daily.,He is a paper-cutting artist,(whom),I interviewed for my article on China Daily.,关系代词,whom,指人，引导先行词是人的定语从句，并且在从句中做宾语，故可以省略。,The man is Dr.Li.,5,Much attention has been paid to the Marathon.,The Marathon will start from the River Beach in Hankou.,Much attention has been paid to the Marathon,which/that,will start from the River Beach in Hankou.,2.Jogging is a habit.,It helps shape your body.,Jogging is a habit,which/that,helps shape your body.,关系代词,which,that,都可以指物，引导先行词为物的定语从句。,Much attention has been paid t,6,Rescuers built shelters for the survivors.,The survivors homes had been destroyed in the earthquake.,Rescuers built shelters for the survivors,whose,homes had been destroyed.,2.The door of the classroom is broken.,The classroom will be repaired soon.,The classroom,whose,door is broken will be repaired soon.,关系代词,whose,表示“谁的”，可以指代人或物的，故可引导先行词为人或物的定语从句。,Rescuers built shelters for th,7,综上，引导定语从句时，关系代词,who/whom,只能指人，,which,只能指物，但,that,既可以指人，也可以指物。,但在一些特殊情况中，定语从句,只能用,that,而不能用,which,或,who/whom,：,当先行词为不定代词,any-,some-,every-,no-,all,much,little,等，关系代词只能用,that.,e.g.,All,that,glitters is not gold.,She told me,everything,(that),she knew.,试翻译：一人之力虽不足道，如果团结起来，我们还能为拯救环境保护地球做很多。,Little difference as one can make,there is,much,_ if were united.,(that)we can do to protect the environment and save the earth,综上，引导定语从句时，关系代词who/whom只能指人，w,8,2.,当先行词有形容词最高级、序数词或限定词,the only,the every,all,every,any,some,no,等修饰时，关系代词一般用,that.,e.g.Australia is,the only,country,that,is also a continent.,试翻译：这是我读过最好的一部小说。,This is,the best,novel,that,I have ever read.,3.,当先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用,that.,e.g.,他们谈论了记忆中学校里的人和事。,They talked about,things and people,that,they remembered in school.,2.当先行词有形容词最高级、序数词或限定词the only,9,4.,当关系代词出现在以,who,或,which,开头的特殊疑问句中，为避免重复，用,that,引导定语从句。,e.g.,Who,is the girl,that,is talking to Tom in English?,试翻译：哪一部是你推荐我看的电影？,Which,is the movie,that,you recommended to me?,注意：定语从句中的主谓一致：关系代词在从句中做主语时，从句的谓语动词用单数还是复数由先行词决定。,e.g.There are at least two terms of scientists that _ trying to clone humans.,Every student who _ studying English should have an English-Chinese dictionary.,are,is,4.当关系代词出现在以who或which开头的特殊疑问句中,10,三、关系副词引导定语从句,It is a time.,In the time there are many innovations changing our life.,It is a time,when,there are many innovations changing our life,2.Occasions are quite rare.,On these occasions,I have the time to spend a whole day with my kids.,Occasions are quite rare,when,I have the time to spend a whole day with my kids.,关系副词,when,在定语从句中做时间状语，定语从句修饰的是表示时间的名词。,三、关系副词引导定语从句It is a time.,11,Ancient China was a place.,States were often at war with each other in the place.,Ancient China was a place,where,states were often at war with each other.,2.What are the situations?,Body language is the only form of communication,in the situations.,What are the situations,where,body language is the only form of communication?,关系副词,where,引导定语从句时，在从句中做地点状语，定语从句修饰的是表示地点的词，也可以是表抽象空间概念的名词，如,case,situation,position,stage,point,等。,Ancient China was a place.,12,注意：选择正确的关系词，关键在于搞清楚关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分。,关系词在从句中做主语或宾语时，应该用关系代词；关系词在从句中做状语时，应该用关系副词。,e.g.I returned to the city _ I,visited,last year.,I returned to the city _ I,grew up,.,I will never forget the days _ we,spent,together.,I will never forget the days _ we,worked,together.,(which/that),where,(which/that),when,注意：选择正确的关系词，关键在于搞清楚关系词在定语从句中充当,13,1.The reason is to ask you whether you have got my e-mail.,Im calling you for a reason.,我打电话给你的原因是询问你是否已收到了我的邮件。,The reason,why,Im calling you is to ask you whether you have got my e-mail.,2.Do you know the reason?,He cant join in the family gathering again for a reason.,你知道他又不能参加家庭聚会的理由吗？,Do you know the reason,why,he cant join in the family gathering again?,注意区分,reason,引导的同位语从句,：,(He will be engaged in business entertainment at that time.),他又不能参加家庭聚会的理由是他那时要忙着工作应酬。,He cant join in the family
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