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,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Chapter 5blood and blood formation,Chapter 5blood and blood form,1,1,.Blood,RBC,(red blood cell),red fluid,cell,WBC+PL,connective tissue,intercellular substance,ground substance:,serum,fiber:fibrinogen/fibrin,blood plasma,1.Blood,2,1,).RBC(erythrocyte):,biconcave disc,7.5,8.5m,central 1m,periphery 2m,hemoglobin(Hb),Wrights stain,tangerine color,function:,transport oxygen and,carbon dioxide,1).RBC(erythrocyte):,3,in male,RBC,(4,5),10,12,/L,in female,(3.5,4.5),10,12,/L,Hb 120,150g/L,105,135g/L,anemia,:,RBC 3,10,12,/L Hb 100g/L,RBC 6m Hb,Microcyte macrocyte,erythrocytosis,:,increased number of RBC,Approximate number per L,4,h,emolysis(,溶血,):,osmotic pressure,ghost,血影,reticulocyte:,adult:0.5,1.5%,infant:3,6%,hemolysis(溶血):reticulocyte:,5,2,).WBC(white blood cell,leukocyte),no colour at fresh statecalled WBC,normal number:(4,10),10,9,/L,classification:,granulocyte:,N,eutrophil,E,osinophil,B,asophil,agranulocyte:,M,onocyte,L,ymphocyte,2).WBC(white blood cell,leuk,6,(,1,).Neutrophil,:50,70%,structure:,spherical,10,12m,nucleus:,band form or stab cell,lobate:,2,5,lobes,left migration,right migration,granules,:,1.azurophilic granules:purple,20%,lysosome,acidic phosphatase,hyperoxidase,2.special granules:pink,80%,smaller,phagocytin lysozyme,(1).Neutrophil:5070%struc,7,中性粒细胞电镜图,（特殊颗粒 嗜天青颗粒）,中性粒细胞电镜图,8,the function of Neutrophil:,active ameboid movement,chemotaxia and phagocytosis,pus cell(sputum),the function of Neutrophil:,9,中性粒细胞吞噬细菌电镜图,细胞核,特殊颗粒,吞噬的细菌,糖原,吞噬体,The function of Neutrophil:,active ameboid movement,chemotaxia and phagocytosis,pus cell,(sputum),中性粒细胞吞噬细菌电镜图细胞核特殊颗粒吞噬的细菌糖原吞噬体,10,(,2,).Eosinophil:0.5,3%,structure:,10,15m,2,3 lobes,acidophilic granules,acid phosphatase,hyperoxidase,histaminase,aryl sulfatase,function:,1.resist anaphylaxis:engulf antigen-antibody complex,release,histaminase,inactivating histamine,release,aryl sulfatase,inactivatin leukotriene,2.kill parasite:helped by antibody,(2).Eosinophil:0.53%struct,11,嗜酸性粒细胞超微结构,嗜酸性粒细胞超微结构,12,(3).Basophil:0,1%,structure:,10,12m,nucleus:,irregular,pale staining,purple blue,granules with,different size,heparin,histamine,leukotriene,(3).Basophil:01%struct,13,嗜碱性粒细胞超微结构,嗜碱性粒细胞超微结构,14,(4).Monocyte:3,8%,structure:,14,20m,round,nucleus:,pale staining,kidney,horseshoe or ovoid shaped,grey-bluish cytoplasm,azurophilic granules,acidic phosphatase,hyperoxidase,lysozyme,function:,phagocytosis-,macrophage,mononuclear phagocytic system,(4).Monocyte:38%structure,15,单核细胞超微结构,单核细胞超微结构,16,(5).Lymphocyte:20,30%,structure:,round,6,8m:small L,9,12m:middle L,13,20m:large L,azurophilic granules,small L,large nucleus,dense chromatin,a little cytoplasm sky-blue,(5).Lymphocyte:2030%stru,17,淋巴细胞超微结构,淋巴细胞超微结构,18,T:,thymus dependant L,cellular immunity,细胞免疫,B:bone marrow dependent L,humoral immunity,体液免疫,NK:Nature killer lymphocyte,T:thymus dependant L,19,3).blood platelet,(thrombocyte):,Originate from,megakaryocyte,biconvex disc，,2-4m,granulomere,hyalomere,3).blood plateletOriginate fr,20,图20 血小板超微结构模式图,EM:,open canalicular system,dense tubular system,special granules:clotting factor,dense granule:serotonin,adrenaline,图20 血小板超微结构模式图EM:,21,图5-9 血小板超微结构,图5-9 血小板超微结构,22,normal number:,(100300),10,9,/L,Function:,clot blood and stop bleeding:,blood vessels rupturePt activited,collect stop bleeding,clotting factors,fibrinogen,fibrin,clotting blood,protect and repair,endothelium,prevent atherosclerosis,normal number:Function:,23,2,.Blood formation,life span:RBC-120 day,WBC-days,weeks,years,embryo:2th week,blood islets,(yolk sac),6th week,liver,12th week,spleen,20th week,bone marrow,2.Blood formation,24,1).structure of red bone marrow:,red bone marrow:,fetus,infant；,adult:spongy bone,yellow bone marrow:,bone cavity of long bone,1).structure of red bone marr,25,2.stromal cell:,macrophage,fat cell,mesenchymal,cells,fibroblast,HIM:,hematopoietic inductive microenvironment,hematopoietic tissue,:,1.reticular tissue,3.blood cells at different stage of development:,2.stromal cell:macrophage,fa,26,blood sinusoid:,endothelium:,fenestrated,large,intercellular space,2.basement,membrane:,incomplete,blood sinusoid:,27,红骨髓切片 1血窦 2巨核细胞 3脂肪细胞,红骨髓切片 1血窦 2巨核细胞 3脂肪细胞,28,2).,hematopoietic stem cell&,hematopoietic progenitor:,1.,hematopoietic stem cell,:,structure:,similar to small lymphocyte,characters:,multipotential differentiation,self-renewing capability,proliferative capability,2).hematopoietic stem cell&,29,2.,hematopoietic progenitor,-,committed stem cell,colony stimulating factor,certain blood cell,have been determined progenitors:,progenitor of RBC system:(erythropoietin),progenitor of neutrophil-macrophage syste(granulopioetin),progenitor of megakaryocyte system (thrombopoietin),3).Blood formation,1.,developing stages:,primitive stage,young stage,mature stage,2.hematopoietic progenitor-,30,血细胞发生示意图,血细胞发生示意图,31,2.morphological change rules:,1).cell body:,large small,except megakaryocyte,2).,nucleus:,large small,RBC disappear,nucleolus:more few disappear,3).,c
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