资源描述
单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Grammar,Past paticiple,1,This is a,polluted,river.,The river is,polluted,.,(过去分词作表语）,（过去分词作定语）,2,The village is,flooded,.,It is a,flooded,village.,3,It is an,injured,tiger.,The tiger is,injured,.,4,I.过去分词作定语,1.单个过去分词作定语,通常前置,a.,及物动词的过去分词,具有被动和完成的意义。,a,broken,cup,a,wounded,soldier,an,uninvited,guest,the,excited,crowd,A cup which is broken,A soldier who was wounded,A guest who is,uninvited,The crowd who were excited,5,c)有时通过一个名词或数词加另一个名词的过去分词可以组成生动形象的复合形容词。,*a,three-legged,table,*a,one-eyed,general,*an,honest-faced,man,a,grown,woman,a,retired,officer,A woman who has grown,A,officer,who has retired,b)不及物动词的过去分词,具有主动和完成意义。,6,2.,过去分词短语,作定语：通常后置,其作用相当于定语从句。,a letter,written in pencil,the book,borrowed by Jack,the machines,produced last year,=a letter,which was,written in pencil,=the book,which was,borrowed by Jack,=the machines,which were,produced last year,7,过去分词与现在分词的区别：,1 语态不同：现在分词表示主动,及物动词的过去分词表示被动,注：不及物动词的过去分词只有“完成”含义,而不表示被动,an inspiring speech,the inspired audience,鼓舞人心的演说,受到鼓舞的观众,The falling leaves,the fallen leaves,落叶（正往下落的）,落叶（已经落到地面的）,8,2 时间关系不同：现在分词作定语,多表示“,动作正在,进行”或“与谓语同时进行”或“经常性”。,过去分词作定语,则多表示分词动作“,先于位语动词表,示的动作”或“没有一定的时间性”,1.Do you know the boy _(lie)under the big tree?,2.“Cant you read?”Mary said angrily _,(point)to the notice.,3 The woman _(sell)vegetables has gone.,4.The wheat is watered by water _(pump)from,a pond.,5.He is a leader_(respect)by the people.,9,3 及物动词的,过去分词(done,)与,现在分词的被动式,(being done,)都可以表示“被动”,但前者多,表示一个,完成了的动作,而后者则,表示一个正在进行的动作.,the problem discussed yesterday,The problem being discussed,4.,过去分词（done）,与,现在分词的完成被动式,（having been done）,都表示“完成”和“被动”,但,前者的时间性不变,而后者,更加强调分词动作明,显先于谓语动作。,1.He is a teacher _(respect)by all.,2._(advise)to stay in Beijing,the boy,decided not to returned to his village.,10,II.过去分词做表语,1,过去分词（短语）作表语时,其作用相当于adj.,说明的是主语的状态,All the windows are,broken,.,This article is,well written,.,2 过去分词做表语与现在分词做表语的区别,（,1）现在分词作表语,说明主语的性质或特征,意为“令人怎样。”,有主动的意思。如：,exciting,moving,amusing,astonishing,frightening,shocking,surprising,tiring etc.,11,(,2)过去分词作表语多表示主语所处的状态,意为“对什么,感到到怎样”.,如：,moved,astonished,frightened,tired etc,.,eg,They got very excited.,(3,).过去分词作表语时和动词的被动语态结构相似,但两者表达的意思明显不同,前者说明,主语的特,点及所处的状态,而后者,强调动作,。,The glass is broken.,The glass is broken by my little brother.,12,过去分词常用于某些固定的词组中,be,interested,in sth./doing sth.,be,closed,to sth./sb.,(接近),be,engaged,in sth./doing sth.,be,prepared,to do sth.,be/get,used,to sth./doing sth.,13,Byebye,14,
展开阅读全文