【解剖学课件】结肠下区解剖

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 25,Infracolic compartment,结肠下区,Lecturer：MaJianmin,Department of Anatomy,Medical college of Nanchang university,Unit 25 Infracolic compartm,1,一、The vessels of,Infracolic compartment,结肠下区的血管,1.,Superior mesenteric,肠系膜上动脉,2.,Inferior mesenteric,肠系膜下动脉,一、The vessels of Infracolic c,2,1.,胰十二指肠下A,2空肠A,3回肠A,4.回结肠A-阑尾A,6.中结肠A,5.右结肠A,(供应十二指肠至,结肠左曲的消化道),动脉弓,1.Superior mesenteric A,肠系膜上动脉,1.胰十二指肠下A2空肠A4.回结肠A-阑尾A6.中结肠A5,3,Small intestinal A,小肠A,Middle colic A,中结肠A,Right colic A,右结肠A,Ileocolic A,回结肠A,Appendicular A,阑尾A,肠系膜上动脉的分支,Small intestinal A小肠AMiddle co,4,1).左结肠A,2).乙状结肠A,3).直肠上 A,(供应结肠左曲以下的消化道),2.Inferior mesenteric A,肠系膜下动脉,1).左结肠A 2).乙状结肠A 3).直,5,Left colic A,Sigmoid A,Superior rectal A,肠系膜下动脉的分支,Left colic ASigmoid ASuperior,6,二.Jejunum and ileum,空、回肠,1.Position,位置,Jejunum,空肠,Ileum,回肠,二.Jejunum and ileum空、回肠1.Posit,7,2.Difference,区别,2.Difference区别,8,【解剖学课件】结肠下区解剖,9,Jejunum,Ileum,Jejunum Ileum,10,动脉弓,动脉弓,11,三.Large intestine,大肠,1.Composition,组成,Rectum,直肠,Vermiform appendix,阑尾,Colon,结肠,Cecum,盲肠,三.Large intestine大肠1.Compositi,12,2.Features of cecum and colon,形态,Epiploic appendices,肠脂垂,Colic bands,结肠带,Haustra of colon,结肠袋,2.Features of cecum and colon,13,Ileocecal valve,回盲瓣,Orifice of vermiform appendix,阑尾口,Ileocecal orifice,回盲口,四.Cecum,盲肠,Ileocecal valve回盲瓣Orifice of v,14,五.Vermiform appendix,阑尾,1.Position,位置,一般位于右髂窝内,五.Vermiform appendix 阑尾1.Posit,15,阑尾的位置,阑尾的位置,16,2.Position of root of vermiform appendix,阑尾根部的位置,McBurney,点,恒定于盲肠的后内侧，是三条结肠带集中处。,阑尾根部的体表投影：脐与右髂前上棘连线中、外1/3交点,。,2.Position of root of vermifor,17,六.Colon,结肠,Ascending colon,15cm,Descending colon,20cm,Sigmoid colon,40-50cm,Transverse colon,50cm,六.Colon结肠Ascending colon 15cmD,18,七.Hepatic portal venous system,肝门 V系,1.Composition,组成,Hepatic portal V,肝门静脉,Splenic V,脾静脉,Superior mesenteric V,肠系膜上静脉,七.Hepatic portal venous system,19,Inferior mesenteric v,肠系膜下静脉,Inferior mesenteric v肠系膜下静脉,20,2.Tributaries,属支,Inferior mesenteric v,肠系膜下静脉,Cystic v,胆囊静脉,Left gastric v,胃左静脉,Right gastric v,胃右静脉,Paraumbilical v,附脐静脉,2.Tributaries属支Inferior mesent,21,3.Thefeatures of hepatic,portal V,肝门静脉系的特点,两端都是毛细血管.,没有功能性静脉瓣.,含有丰富的营养物质.,3.Thefeatures of hepatic port,22,1.At the lower end of theesophagus,Hepatic portal vein left gastric vein,esophageal venous plexus,esophageal vein azygos vein superiorvena cava,.Portal-systemic anastomoses,门腔静脉吻合,肝门静脉血回流入肝受阻，逆行经食管静脉丛等回心，静脉丛血流增多，曲张，突向食管腔，一旦食管粘膜及静脉丛破裂，出血流入胃，呕出，临床称为呕血（胃酸的作用，呕出的血为咖啡色）,1.At the lower end of theeso,23,2.At rectal venous plexus,Hepatic portal vein splenic vein inferior mesenteric vein superior rectal vein,rectal venous plexus,inferior rectal and anal veins internal iliac vein inferior vena cava,肝门静脉血回流入肝受阻，逆行经直肠静脉丛等回心，静脉丛血流增多，曲张，突向直肠腔，一旦直肠粘膜及静脉丛破裂，流出的静脉血随大便排出，临床称为便血（为暗红色）,2.At rectal venous plexus 肝门静,24,Hepatic portal veinparaumbilical,veinperiumbilical venous plexus,thoracoepigastric and superior epigastric vein superiorvena cava,superficial epigastric and inferior epigastric veins inferior vena cava,临床表现：腹壁,海蛇头,样外观,3.At periumbilical venous plexus,临床表现：腹壁海蛇头样外观3.At periumbil,25,In the retroperitoneal region,the small tributaries of the superior and inferior mesenteric veins(splemic and pancreatic veins)anastomose with the small breaches of the posterior intercostal vein,the inferior diaphragm vein,the left renal vein and testicular vein,In the posterior wall of abdomen,the small tributaries of the superior,the inferior mesenteric and splenic veins anastomose with the small tributaries of the posterior intercostal veins vertebral vein and lumbar vein which communicate with vertebral venous c retroperitoneal,veins,4.Portal-retroperitoneal anastomosis,In the retroperitoneal region,26,Thank you,Thank you,27,