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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Direct speech,直接引语和间接引语,&indirect speech,Grammar,She said that,her name was Anne Frank and her family was Jewish.,My name is Anne Frank and my family is Jewish.,My family and I are hiding in Amsterdam.,She said that,she and her family were hiding in Amsterdam.,My only true friend is Kittymy diary.,She said that,her only true friend was Kittyher diary.,After hiding here for a long time,Ive become crazy about nature.,She said that,after hiding there for a long time,she had become crazy about nature.,Anne said:,“My name is Anne Frank and my family is Jewish.”,(Direct speech),She said that,she and her family were hiding in Amsterdam.,(Indirect speech),引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:一是原封,不动地引用原话,把它放在引号内,这叫直接,引语(Direct speech);一是用自己的话加以转,述,这叫间接引语(Indirect speech).,1.直接引语转变为间接引语时,从句由,that,引导,可省略;主句动词为,现在时时,从句动词时态不变。,1.She often says,“All men and women are equal under the law.”,1.She often,says,(that),all men and women,are,equal under the law.,2.“,I,like,reading stories,”said John.,John,said,that,he liked,reading stories.,3.“,I,dont,like cars,”Sarah said to him.,Sarah,told,him that,she didnt,like cars.,2.直接引语转变为间接引语时，,人称,要进行相应变化；且主句动词为一般过去时时，,从句动词时态应为过去时的相应时态。,直接引语里的第一人称和第二人称，变间,接引语时，人称要做相应调整。,1.She said:“I am hungry.”,She said that,she,was hungry.,2.Mum said to me:“You can do it yourself.”,Mum,told me,that,I,could do it,myself.,3.Mr.Smith said,“He is a good worker.,Mr.Smith said that,he,was a good worker.,1.人称的变化,1.Jack said to me,“,You,look worried today.”,Jack told me that _ looked worried that day.,2.We said to her,“,They,re cleaning the room.”,We told her that _ were cleaning the room.,3.Mr.Black said,“,I,have walked a long way.”,Mr.Black said that _ had walked a long way.,I,they,he,2.时态变化,He,says,:“I,treat,you as my son.”,He,says,that,he,treats,me as his son.,1.主句为一般现在时,现在完成时或一般将来时的时候,间接引语时态不变。,直接引语(变化前),间接引语(变化后),一般现在时,“I,know,it,”he said.,一般过去时,He said he,knew,it.,2.当主句为过去时,从句要跟着相应的变化。,现在进行时,“I,m,making coffee for you all,”she said.,过去进行时,She said she,was,making coffee for us all.,直接引语(变化前),间接引语(变化后),现在完成时,“I,have seen,her before,”said he.,过去完成时,He said he,had seen,her before.,现在完成进行时,He said,“I,have been,doing,it for hours.”,过去完成进行时,He said he,had been,doing,it for hours.,直接引语(变化前),间接引语(变化后),一般过去时,“I,saw,her yesterday,”he said.,过去完成时,He said he,had seen,her the day before.,过去进行时,“I,was waiting,for Jim,”she said.,过去进行时,She said,she was waiting,for Jim.,直接引语(变化前),间接引语(变化后),一般将来时,He said:“We,will,start tomorrow.”,过去将来时,He said they,would,start the next day.,过去完成时,“Rick,had been,ill for many days till he died.”Jack said.,过去完成时,Jack said Rick,had been,ill for many days till he died.,一般现在时,现在完成时,现在进行时,一般将来时,一般过去时,一般,过去,时,过去,完成时,过去,进行时,过去,将来时,过去,完成时,过去完成时,过去进行时,不变,1.“It,is,really cold,”she said to me.,She,told,me that it _ really cold.,was,2.“I,dont,want to go there with Alice,”said Tom.,Tom said that he _ want to go there with Alice.,didnt,3.The boy said:“I,will,be,a pilot.”,The boy said that he _ a pilot.”,would be,4.Tom said,“We,are listening to,music.”,Tom said that they _ music.,were listening to,5.Mike said,“I,have finished,my homework.”,Mike said _ his homework.,he had finished,直接引语,间接引语,时 间 状 语,now,today,this week,yesterday,last week,four days,ago,tomorrow,next month,the day after tomorrow,the day before yesterday,then,that day,that week,the day before,the week before,four days,before,the next day,the next month,in two days time,two days before,3.其他变化,直接引语,间接引语,指示代词,地点状语,方向性动词,this,that,these,those,here,there,come,go,bring,take,1.Jack said to me,“You look worried today.”,Jack told me that _ worried _.A.he lookstoday B.you looktoday C.we lookedthat day D.I lookedthat day,Exercise,2.We said to her,“Theyre walking through the street now.”,We told her that _ through the street _.A.we were walkingthen B.you are walkingnow C.they were walkingthen D.they walkingnow,3.Mr Black said,“I have walked a long way this week.”,Mr Black said that _ a long way _.A.I had walkedlast week B.he had walkedthat week C.I walkedlast week D.he has walkedthis week,4.The man thought,“I shall take it back tomorrow.”,The man thought that _ take it back _.A.I shalltomorrow B.I shallthe next day C.he shouldtomorrow D.he would the next day,Review the rules of direct,speech and indirect speech.,They asked,“Is it easy to solve the problem?”,They asked,if/whether,it,is,easy to solve the problem,was,They asked,if,it was,easy to,solve the problem.,He asked,“,When do you harvest the wheat?”,He asked,when,you harvest,the wheat.,we harvested,They asked,when,we harvested,the wheat.,疑问句变为间接引语时,除了要把疑问语序改为,陈述语序,由whether/if 或特殊疑问词引导外,人称、时态和状语,等也要作相应地变化,。,1.“I dont know the address of my new home,”said Anne.,Anne,said,that she,didnt know,the address of,her,new home.,2.“Ive got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows,”Anne said to her father.,Anne,told,her father that,she had got,tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.,3.“I need to pack up my things in the suitcase ver
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