存在句和强调句课件

,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,存在句（,Existential Sentence),和强调句,(Emphatic Sentence),1,存在句（Existential Sentence)和强调句(,一、存在句,:,There be,句型,结构特征：,There+be+NP+Locative Expression(+Temporal Expression),即：,There be+,真实主语,+,地点状语,(+,时间状语,),there,只起引导作用，并无实际意义，句子的真正主语是谓语动词,be,后面的名词。,There are many people in the picture.,2,一、存在句:There be句型There are many,There be,句型的主谓一致,be,动词在数上必须与主语保持一致，在有多个主语的情况下采取就近原则，即与靠近,be,的主语保持一致。,There _ many books on the shelf.,There _a pen and two rulers in the box.,There _ two boys and a teacher at the school gate.,How many people _ there in the city?,is,are,are,are,3,There be句型的主谓一致be 动词在数上必须与主语保持,There be,句型的时态,There be,句型中，,be,动词有各种时态的变化：,现在有,there is/are,过去有,there was/were,将来有,there will be,；,there is/are going to be.,现在已经有,there has/have been,4,There be句型的时态There be 句型中，be动词,There be,与情态动词连用,There be,句型中的谓语动词,be,可与各种情态动词连用，表示,“,一定有,”,、,“,可能有,”,、,“,应该有,”,等含义。,1.,一定是出了点问题。,There must be,something wrong,2.,不应该有这么多的人。,There ought not to be,so many people.,3.,可能还有点希望。,There might be,some hope.,5,There be与情态动词连用 There be句型中的谓语,There be,与含有情态意义的动词或短语连用,能用于,there be,句型中的这类词语主要有,这些短语 中的动词形式仍然与后面的主语保持一致，并有时态的变化,(used to,除外）。,happen,to,（碰巧）,appear,to,seem,to,（似乎）,be,going to,（将会）,used to,（曾经）,have,to,（必须）,be,likely to,（很可能）,There,+,+be,6,There be与含有情态意义的动词或短语连用 能用于the,Practice:,在那个俱乐部,碰巧有,我的一个老朋友。,战前这里,曾有,一个电影院。,今晚有舞会吗？,好像没有,太大希望。,可能会有,很多人。,There happened to be,an old friend of mine in the club,There used to be,a cinema here before the war,Is there going to be,a dancing party tonight,？,There doesnt seem to be,much hope.,There are likely to be,many people.,7,Practice:在那个俱乐部碰巧有我的一个老朋友。7,主语后的动词形式,在,there be,句型中，主语后的动词形式只能是非谓语形式,doing,done,或者,to do,。,There is a purse,lying,on the ground.,There are five minutes,left,now.,主语后接不定式时常用主动形式表示被动意义。,There is a lot of work to do.,There is no time to lose.,切记：主语之后不能再出现其它谓语动词！,There is someone outside waits to see you.,There is someone outside,waiting,to see you.,（,）,(),8,主语后的动词形式在there be 句型中，主语后的动词形式,there be,与,have,的比较,there be,表示某个时间或地方“存在”某人或某物，而,have,表示主语“拥有”某人或某物，作宾语的某人或某物属主语所有。,There are some children in the garden.,She has three cars.(,汽车是属于她的,),若是部分与整体关系时，有时用两种表达方式都可以。如：,A week has seven days.,=There are seven days in a week.,9,there be与have的比较there be 表示某个时,There be,的非谓语形式及用法,There be,的非谓语形式有两种，即,there to be,和,there being,。,1.,作介词宾语,介词为,for,用,to be,其余介词用,being.,The teacher was waiting,for there to be,complete silence.,John was relying,on there being,another opportunity.,10,There be的非谓语形式及用法 There be,2.,作动词宾语时常用,to be,，常见动词有：,expect,mean,intend,want,prefer,等。,Members,like there to be,plenty of choice.,People dont,want there to be,another war.,3.,作主语和状语时用,being.,There being,a bus stop so near to the house is a great advantage.,There being,nothing else to do,we went home,.,11,2.作动词宾语时常用to be，常见动词有：expect,专四真题：,1.There _ nothing more for discussion,the meeting,came to an end half an hour earlier.(2000),A.to beB.to have been,C.being D.be,2.Whats the chance of _ a general election,this year?,（,2005,）,A.there being B.there to be,C.there be D.there going to be,12,专四真题：12,3.It is not uncommon for there _ problems of,communication between the old and the young.,（,2007,）,A.being B.would be,C.be D.to be,13,3.It is not uncommon for there,Exercise:fill each gap with,there to be,or,there being,1.theres now some hope of _ a settlement of the dispute.,2.They asked for _ another meeting.,3.John asked about _ another meeting.,4.John intended _ a meeting afterwards.,5.Its essential for _ more houses built next year.,6._ no further business,the Chairman closed the meeting.,7.People hate _queues everywhere.,there being,there being,There being,there being,there to be,there to be,there to be,14,Exercise:fill each gap with t,There be,结构的常用句型,There is no sense in doing sth.,做某事是没有意义的,There is no difficulty in doing sth.,做某事没有困难,There is no use doing sth.,做某事没有用,There is no need to do sth.,没有必要做某事,There is no sense in arguing with him.,There was no difficulty in carrying out the plan.,There was no need to give him so much money.,15,There be结构的常用句型There is no sen,there,与其它动词连用,在,there be,句型中的,be,还可以换成其他动词，一般为不及物动词，如,:,live,stand,exist,remain,lie,表示状态,come,go,appear,enter,follow,occur,描写某事的发生或某人的到达。,Once upon a time,there,lived,a rich man.,There,comes,the bus!,There,followed,a terrible noise.,Suddenly there,entered,a strange man.,At the top of the hill there,stands,an old temple.,16,there 与其它动词连用在there be句型中的be还可,Exercise:translate the following sentences,1.Is there anything I can do for you?,2.Do you know there is an important article in todays newspaper?,3.There are a lot of people boating in the park near our institute.,4.There used to be plenty of water in this river.,5.There happened to be nobody nearby at that time.,6.There must be many people who are interested in this plan.,17,Exercise:translate the follow,二、强调句,It is/was+,被强调部分,+,连接词,强调主语,:,强调宾语,:,强调状语,:that,人,:who/that,物,:that,人,:whom/that,物,:that,结构：,18,二、强调句It is/was+被强调部分+连接词人:,Nancy saw your sister in